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No. III.

Bein^ the firft that ever vfaf herf cut^ a.ni don

by the beji Pattern that could be had^xvhich heir

in fome placet iefeiiivey it made the ether fej

txAH : yet doth it fuffxcienH^ jittvo tht Sdtua-

timofthe Conntrty^ and cenvementJy weU

the difiance of fleets,

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3o

THE

HISTORY

OF THE

Indian ^ikx^ in ^m in^knil

FROM THE

First Settlement to the Termination of
THE War with King Philip, in 1677.

FROM THE

ORIGINAL WORK,

BY THE

Rev. WILLIAM HUBBARD.

Carefully Revifed, and Accompanied with an Hijiorical
Preface J Life and Pedigree of the Author,

AND

By SAMUEL G. DRAKE.
VOL. I.

PRINTED FOR W. ELLIOT WOODWARD,

ROXBURY, MASS.

MDCCCLXV.

^

'^^^

Entered according to Adl of Congrefs, in the Year 1865.

By SAMUEL G. DRAKE,

in the Clerk's office of the Diftrift Court of the United States

for the Diftrid of MafTachufetts.

2^\5

EDITION OF THREE HUNDRED AND FIFTY COPIES, OF WHICH
FIFTY ARE ON LARGE PAPER.

^*-.
^«\*

TO MY SON,

Lieut. Colonel George Bernard Drake,

AS A

TESTIMONY TO HIS PATRIOTISM AND DEVOTION

• IN THE CAUSE OF HIS COUNTRY,

WHO FOR NEAR FOUR YEARS,

ATA GREAT SACRIFICE, AND THE PERILS OF NUMEROUS

SANGUINARY FIELDS,

HAS BATTLED FOR THE RESTORATION OF THE UNION ;

AND ALSO

TO THE MEMORY OF A BROTHER,

Capt. John Louis Drake,

WHO FELL AT ANTIETAM,

THIS TRIBUTE IS DUTIFULLY AND GRATEFULLY MADE,

BY

THE EDITOR.

PREFATORY BY THE EDITOR.

T^HIRTY-NINE Years ago I
-■- propofed to myfelf an Edi-
tion of Hubbard's Indian Wars.
I hadj not long previous, ed-
ited and republifhed Church's
Entertaining Hijiory of King
Philifs War. The Labor and
Refearch beftowed upon this
Work gave me fome additional
Tafte for the Undertaking, and
had made me familiar with the Sources of Inform-
ation. But as I had not then feen a Copy of the
firft or fecond Edition of Mr. Hubbard's Work, I
had rather a Vague notion of the Value of it.
The only Copy then acceffible to me was one of
an Edition printed at Brattleborough, Vermont,
in 1 8 14, a Duodecimo of 348 Pages — as forry a
Specimen of Typography as could be found, even

vi Prefatory by the Editor,

at that Day — brown Paper and outfide Quires or
Retrieve at that. The Book-ftores of Bofton then
afforded no other Copy of that always popular
Work, and this I purchafed of Mr. Jofeph Bum-
ftead, a Printer, then a fecond-hand Bookfeller,
on the Corner of Wilfon's Lane and State Street,
up Stairs. Not long after I was polTefTed of this
Copy of Hubbard, I found a perfect Copy of the
original (Bofton) Edition in the Hands of my
Friend, Mr. John Farmer, at Concord, N. H.
On communicating my Obje6t of republifliing
Hubbard to Mr. Farmer, he highly approved of
it, and loaned me the Copy in his keeping to en-
able me to correct my Copy by it. I imme-
diately fet about making mine conform to the
Other, and foon found I had undertaken a very
ferious Job ; and that to have made a complete
Copy of the Original would have required much
lefs Labor than the Corre6tions I was obliged to
make. Parts were tranfpofed. Words and Phrafes
altered. Lines left out, and, in lliort, it was a
fliocking offence to Lovers of decent Printing,
and an unpardonable Sin againft one of the beft
Writers of New- England. However, I made my
Copy conform, in all literary Refpedts, to the
Original.

Prefatory hy the Editor, vii

Owing to certain Circumftances, not necefTary
to be detailed, my Edition of Hubbard was de-
ferred. But, in the mean time, I had met with
fome twenty or thirty Copies of the Bofton
Edition of 1775, at an Auction, uncut and in
brown paper Covers, all of which I purchafed.
One of thefe Copies I prepared to print from,
though I found nearly as much Labor in making
it conform to the Original as the Brattleborough
Copy.

In my refearches for an Edition of Hubbard, I
had made extenlive Memoranda for a Biography
of Indian Chiefs. Thefe I publiflied in 1832,
under the Title of Indian Biography, &c. Thus
I was diverted from what had appeared to me
a very important and defirable Obje6t, by the
Magnitude of a Field into which I had almoft
unconfcioufly wandered, teeming with an Harveft
of Indian Hiftory, rendering hitherto Publica-
tions upon that Subjed: comparatively infignifi-
cant. Hence I became further diverted, and
hence, in 1836, refulted ^he Book of the In^
dians.

But in all this Time I had not abandoned the
Idea of an Edition of Hubbard, and always kept
an interleaved Copy by me, in which a Note was

viii Prefatory by the Editor,

occalionally added. Thus much I have thought
it proper to note in explanation of the long Time
the Edition of Hubbard has been delayed.

Refped:ing the various Editions of Hubbard,
I may remark, that the only correct Edition, and
the only edition any writer on Nevi^-England
Hiftory can depend upon, is the fecond. Al-
though it differs but little from the firft, it is the
fecond which received the laft Corrections of its
Author. This was printed in London, in 1677,
the fame Year in which the firft was printed in
Bofton. Thefe Editions are of the fame fize —
both in fmall quarto, and nearly Page for Page.
Both Editions contained the curious Woodcut
Map, the Fac-limile of which accompanies the
prefent Edition. No Edition lince has contained
the Map.

It is remarkable that the Bofton and London
Editions fhould appear fo near each other as to
Time, efpecially in view of the great Differ-
ence between then and now in Communication
with New and Old England ; for we obferve
that it was on the 29th of March, 1677, when
the Committee of the General Court gave the
Work their Sanation, and that on the 27th of
June, of the fame Year — not quite three Months

Prefatory hy the Editor, ix

thereafter — it was " Licenfed " by " Roger
L'Eftrange," in Lorulon. And it is ftill more
remarkable, when we are alTured that the Work
was in the Author's Hands a Month later than the
Date of the Committee's Licenfe, or certainly
until fome Time in April, 1677.'

To the unrefiefting it may appear ftrange that
there was no edition of fo valuable and popular a
Work as Hubbard's Indian Wars for a Period of
about one hundred Years. But it is only necelfary
to conlider, that Readers here were few, and that
few fcarcely thought of fuch a Matter as Ameri-
can Hiftory. Many of the Grandchildren of
thofe who were living in the Time of Philip's
War were upon the Stage in 1775. To them the
Stories of Indian Atrocities were familiar, and they
may have thought they had no Occafion to be
reminded of them by reading. However, as be-
fore-mentioned, an Edition was publifhed in
Bofton in 1775. Propofals^ were iifued to print
it by Subfcription in that year, which Propofals
were dated, " Bofton, January 1 8." Between this

1 See page 5 of poftfcript. My Attention was firft called to

2 A copy ofthefe Propofals may this by my kind friend, Samuel P.
be leen in the £^';f Gazette, y^z'^t Fowler, Efq., of Danvers Port,
4 of the ifTue Feb. 7th, 1775. a pattern Antiquary.

B

X Prefatory by the Editor.

Date and the Date of the pubHflier's or editor's
Preface, occurred the Battles of Concord and Lex-
ington. How a Lift of Subfcribers could have
been gotten up in fuch turbulent Times as then
diftraded the Community, it is difficult to com-
prehend. Indeed, it is not unlikely that the Sub-
fcription Lift was abandoned, as no Lift appears
in the Work, nor is any thing laid about one. In
lefs than a Month from the Date of this Preface
occurred the Battle of Bunker's hill, which, we
may reafonably conjecture, that while it deci-
mated the Flower of the Britifh Army, it might
entirely extinguifli the frail Propofals for an
edition of Indian wars.

Mr. John Boyle was the Publiftier of the Edi-
tion of 1775. His Book-ftore, as late as 181 3,
was Number 18, Marlborough Street. It does
not appear who the Editor of this Edition was.
His Preface does not require to be inferted in
this Edition. The Notes with which Mr. Boyle's
Editor has favored us are very few and of fmall
Value. Thomas mentions Boyle in his Hiftory
of Printing, and might have told us fomething
about the Work of Hubbard and its Editor, but he
does not mention them, although he was among
thofe appointed to receive Subfcribers for Mr.

Prefatory by the Editor. xi

Boyle's Edition. In the Propofals the Title of
Hubbard is made to read thus : " A Narrative of

the INDIAN WARS in New England

from 1607 to 1677, containing a very particular
Account of the War with the Pe quods, the War
commonly called King Philip' j, the Narraghanfett
War, and the Wars from Fifcataqua to Pemaquid
Together with a Preface, & fome mar-
ginal Notes by another Hand." Then follows
this ftrong Recommendation of the Work, written,
no doubt, by the fame Perfon who wrote the
Preface : " This brief, though exa(St Narrative,
is now in but few Hands ; & unlefs reprinted, muft
foon be entirely loft, & with it, in a great Meaf-
ure, the memorable Salvations of Divine Provi-
dence to this People in their infant State, worthy
to be kept in everlafting Remembrance. In or-
der, therefore, that the prefent, as well as fu-
ture Generations may be made acquainted with
the Miferies and Hardfliips which their renowned
Anceftors underwent in bringing forward the
Settlement of New-England, the Publifher, at
the Requefl of a Number of refpediable Gentle-
men, hath ilTued thefe Propofals, not doubting
that a fufficient Number of Subfcriptions may be
procured amply to compenfate for the Under-

xii Prefatory by the Editor.

taking." Following this is copied the Recom-
mendation, (of Mr. Bradftreet, Mr. Dennifon and
Mr. Dudley) which fronts the Title-page of the
original Edition. Then are given the " CON-
DITIONS."

" I. Hubbard's Hiflory of the Indian Wars will contain about 300 Pages'
in o£lavo,2 to be printed on a good Paper & neat Type. II. That fo
truly valuable & entertaining a Work may be more univerfally fpread
among Mankind, the Publilher has put the pi ice to Subfcribers fo low,
as two pijlareens, fewed in blue^ [paper covers] which will be much
cheaper than any Book of the kind, ever printed in England or jimerica,
a Book of that Size being commonly fold at four Jhillings lawful Money.
III. If any of the Subfcribers fhould choofe to have them Bound, they
are defired to fignify it at the Time of fubfcribing, & the Publifher will
have them done for \f. lawful Money, in plain Binding, &!_/!& \d. gilt
and lettered. iV. The work will be put to the Prefs as foon as a fuffi-
cient number of Subfcribers are obtained barely to defray Expenfe, which
the Publilher flatters himfelf will be in a few Weeks. V. Thofe that
fubfcribe for iS/at will have ay^cr/?//?" gratis. Subfcriptions are gratefully
received by John Bo^jle, the Publilher, in Marlborough Street : Ijaiah
Thomas, Printer, near the Mill Bridge, & Edes & Gall, Printers in Ouecn
ftreet, Bofton : & by S. & E. Hall, Printers in Salem."

The Edition of Mr. Boyle I believe to be the
third, as I have not heard of any between 1677
and 1775. The fubfequent editions are all Copies
of that of Boyle, or Copies of thofe copied from
his, and do not require but a paffing Notice.

lit contains 288 pages. Copies purchafed by me at an Auc-

2 It is in duodecimo. tion, before mentioned. Copies of

3 In this Condition were the this Edition are not rare.~

Prefatory by the Editor, xiii

The firft Edition met with after 1775 is dated
Worcefter, 1801. It is alfo a Duodecimo, and
contains 410 pages. " Printed by Daniel Green-
leaf, for Jofeph Wilder." The Printers or Pub-
lifhers feem to have become quite alive to
the importance of Hubbard's Indian Wars,
about this Time, as three other Editions followed
very foon after, namely, one at Norwich, Con-
necticut, in 1802, one at Danbury, in the fame
State, 1803, and another at Stockbridge, in 1803,
alfo. The Edition of Norwich is without Date,
printed by John Trumbull. An Advertifement
of the Time fhows it to have been publiflied in
May, 1802. It is in i2mo alfo, and contains 228
Pages on a fair Type, but coarfe bluifli Paper. It
is from the 1775 Edition, " with fome Omiffions
of the introductory Remarks, and occafional Re-
fle(5tions of the Author."^

We come now to the Danbury Edition of
Stiles Nichols, 1803, a faithful Copy of the Nor-
wich Edition, Errors of the Prefs not excepted.
This is diftinguifhable by a Cut of an Indian in
the Title-page, which Cut, could it have been feen
by T. F. Dibdin, he never would have made up
Faces at the engraved Title of a certain Edition of

1 Hiftorical Magazine, and Notes and Queries, i., 348.

xiv Prefatory by the Editor,

Stow's Chronicle, for if the cutting in Stow is
" enough to give one the ChoUc," that of this
Indian is enough to frighten any Body but an
Antiquary, and might well caufe a lefs veteran
Reader than ourfelf to exclaim, like Patroclus :

" Some rugged rocks hard entrails gave the form.
And raging feas produced thee in a ftorm."

The most refpedable Edition fmce the two
hrft is that of Stockbridge, 1803, an 06tavo of
375 Pages, on fmall pica Type. It was publiflied
by Subfcription, and the fubfcribers' Names occu-
pied fix clofely printed Pages. It was " printed
by Heman Willard, May .... 1803."

About 1834, (the Title-page is without date)
Samuel L. Knapp reprinted Hubbard in a fort
of Periodical, in large quarto Form. The Work
of Mr. Knapp is entitled, Library of American
Hijiory, and appears to have been undertaken
with a view of bringing ftandard Works on Ame-
rican Hiftory into a compact Form and at a fmall
Price ; but it was a Failure. The fmallnefs of the
Type was enough to kill it, and the Editorfliip
was of very fmall Account. In this Field of the
Dead was the laft IlTue of Hubbard laid. It is
now propofed to refufcitate the excellent Author,
and reftore him to the Place he is entitled to
among the living Ones.

Prefatory by the Editor, xv

My Notes are much briefer than they would
have been had I pubHfhed the Work many Years
ago, for the Reafon that innumerable Sources of
Information have been laid open and rendered ac-
ceffibleby Publications too numerous to mention.
It will, therefore, generally be only necelTary to
refer to Works known to be eafily acceffible. It
may, however, be well to apprife the Reader that
two of the Works, hitherto acceffible to but a few,
have recently been reprinted. I refer to the
two Works of Dr. Increafe Mather, covering the
whole Period of New-England Indian Wars to
the Clofe of King Philip's War. The Works of
Mather, while they are invaluable to the Hifto-
rian, are far inferior as a whole to the Work of
Mr. Hubbard. This can, and ought to be, freely
allowed, and in no invidious Spirit. Their re-
publication with the Notes accompanying render
Notes to Hubbard in many Cafes unnecefTary.
Belides the Works of Mather as a Source of In-
formation on the Indian Wars, it is hardly ne-
celTary to call attention to that crude, but never-
thelefs authentic and voluminous Mafs of
Materials, entitled. The Book of the Indians.
Thefe Materials, of themfelves, furnifh a pretty
full Sequel to the old Works on the Indian Wars.

xvi Prefatory by the Editor.

But fince the Publication of the Book of the
Indians (in 1833) Hiftories of a great number of
New England Towns have been put forth. In
many of thefe Materials are found important for
the perfecting of our Indian Hiftory. I need
not enumerate fources of Information, as my
Notes will fufficiently indicate them. I will,
however, refer to my Edition of Church's Enter-
taining Hijiory of King Philifs War, only for
the Purpofe of obferving that it was done when
materials were very fcarce and generally beyond
my Reach. Indeed, I may fay, it was prepared for
publication in the very Infancy of Knowledge
upon the Subjed:, fo far as concerned myfelf. I
therefore hoped at fome Time to republifli it, with
what modern Light I could throw upon it, and
kept an interleaved Copy in which I have made
many Additions. But I fliall probably be faved
the Trouble of another Edition, as the Work of
Church is now announced, by a brother Bookfeller,
for publication, and quite unceremonioufly as re-
fped:s myfelf.

In noticing the firft Edition of this work. Re-
ference was omitted to be made to an Errata
which 'occupied the lafl: Page of the introductory

Prefatory Note by the Editor, xvii

Matter. That Errata is thus prefaced : " ^he
Printer to the Reader. By Reafon of the Author's
long and neceflary Abfence from the Prefs, to-
gether with the Difficulty of reading his Hand,
many Faults have efcaped in the Printing, either
by miftaking of Words, or mifprinting of Sen-
tences, which doe in fome Places not a little
confound the Sence, which the Reader is delired
to correct before he begins to read." The Errata
is carefully corrected in the fecond or London
Edition, and is only mentioned here to fhow how
troublefome it was to Printer and Author, living
only twenty-feven Miles apart, in 1676. How-
ever, " the long and neceflary Abfence of the
Author " may refer to fome other Abfence, and
not to his ufual Abfence from Bofton, when at
Home.

As in my former Editions of the Old Chroni-
cles, fo in this, I have endeavored to give the
Work literally. The Punctuation I have, in fome
few inftances, found it necelTary to change. Spell-
ing has not been altered. As to the Ufe of
capital Letters the Compolitor has been inftrudled
to endeavor uniformity, and to conform to the
Cuftom of the Period of the fecond Edition.
C

xviii Prefatory Note by the Editor,

The Paging in Brackets is that of the fame Edi

tion.

Boflon,

1 3 Bromfield ftreet,

1 6 December, 1864.

LIFE OF THE AUTHOR.

THE Rev. William Hubbard, was born at
Tendering,' in Ellex, England, in 1621,
or 1622 ; came to New England in 1635,
as is found by a certain Lift of Palfengers in the
Rolls Office, London.^ His Father was William
Hubbard, defignated on the Lift as a Hulband-
man, but was from the firft, in New England,
ftiled " Mifter." All thofe bearing the Name of
Hubbard, who came at this Time, in the Ship
Defence, which failed from London in July,
1635,3 are prefumed to have belonged to the
Family of Mr. 'William Hubbard. Their Names
are " W. Hubbard, Hiijh., aged 40 ; Judith, a. 25 ;
John, a. 15; William, a. 13; Nathaniel, a. 6;
Richard, a. 4; Martha, a. 22; Mary, 20. The
two laft were probably Sifters of Mr. William
Hubbard, the others his Children. The Judith,

1 Now written Tendring. Be-
'lievcd to be the Rcfidcncc of his
Father before the Emigration of the
Family. It is five and an half Miles
from Manninglree. There is an-
other near Saffron Walden.

■■2 See Founders of New England,

39- . . .

•^ There is an Intimation that he

may have been in the Country as

early as 1630, which is not unlikely,

and had returned for his Family.

XX Life of the Author,

a. 25, isfuppofed to have been his Wife; if fo (he
was probably a fecond Wife. A Word more of
Mr. WilUam Hubbard, before proceeding to fpeak
of his eminent Son, our Author.

Mr. WilHam Hubbard fettled in Ipfwich on
his arrival in New England, was made a Freeman
in 1638. As early as 1629, he advanced fifty
Pounds to the Company in England "for the
carrying on of the Plantation," which fhows that
he had been fome Time interefted in the Country,
and was a man of Subftance. He was a Deputy
to the General Court in the Years 1638, 1639,
1643, 1644, 1645 and 1646, and a Juftice of the
Quarterly Court. The General Court, in 1638,
granted him 300 acres of Land, probably on ac-
count of the Money he had advanced the Malfa-
chufetts Company before the Emigration ; but
five Years later he had a Grant of 1000 Acres.
He removed to Bofion in 1662, and died here in
1670, aged "j^. Capt. Edward Johnfon fpeaks of
him as '* a learned Man, being well read in State
Matters, of a very affable and humble Behavior,
who hath expended much of his Eftate to helpe
on this Worke ; altho he be flow of Speech, yet is
hee downright for the Bufineffe."^ Yet he was
acknowledged one of the moft able fpeakers in
the General Court. He endowed the Grammar
School in Ipfwich, and gave the Ground for the
School-houfe.

Mr. Hubbard graduated at Harvard College in

^Wonder-working I'rovidencc, 109-10.

Life of the Author, xxi

1642, prepared himfelf for the Miniftry, and was
fettled in his adopted Refidence as Colleague with
the Rev. Thomas Cobbet in 1656. He foon
became noted for his Learning and fuperior Know-
ledge ; and yet feems to have avoided Diftindlion,
to have been happier at Home in his own Family
circle than in Places which are generally fought
for Oftentation and Difplay. And notwithftand-
ing he avoided Controverlies, he could not always
Efcape being placed in an Attitude from which, no
doubt, he would gladly have been free. Thus we
are told he was one of the feventeen Clergymen
who bore testimony againft the fettlement of the
Rev. John Davenport over the Old South Church
in Bofton, in 1667.^ The General Court took
up the Matter and pafTed a vote of Cenfure on the
feventeen Clergymen for their Decifion. Againft
this interference Mr. Hubbard, with others, pro-
tefted.- And their Adtion, it appears, had the
Eifed; to caufe the Court to apologize. In 1 674, he
was again one of a Council of thirteen to fettle a
Difficulty in the fame Church about the admiffion
of certain Members.^ We next find him attempt-
ing to quiet a Difturbance in the Church of
Rowley, but with what Succefs is not ftated.
This was in the Beginning of November, 1675,
when he was engaged on his Hiftory of the
Indian Wars. The next Year he preached the
Eledtion Sermon, which was printed. It is among

1 See Wifner's Hift. Old South, 2 pdt's Ipfwich, 228.

8 ; and Hutchinfon, Hift. Mafs., i,
270 3 Wifner's Old South, 11, 84.

xxii ^^f^ of the Author.

the beft then ever ilTued — flowing with a depth
of Thought, and a Philofophy which no ordinary-
mind could produce. It is in a quarto Form, and
is occalionally found bound up with the firft
Bollion Edition of his Hiftory of the Indian Wars.
The following Year, namely, 1677, that Hiftory
appeared, of which fufficient has been faid in the
Preface to this Edition.

We have but a vague Hint that Mr. Hubbard
made a Voyage to Europe ; that he was in Eng-
land in 1678; that he returned "by October to
the great Satisfadtion of his Parifhoners."' No-
thing further could be learned, it would feem, by
the very diligent and pains-taking Author of the
Hiftory of Ipfvvich, long a Refident in a Part of
that ancient Town, and, as is prefumed, converf-
ant with its Records. Nor has any one told us
whether there are any Papers extant which once
belonged to our Hiftorian. It is not improbable
that, as has been fuggefted in the Hiftory of Ipf-
wich, Mr. Hubbard failed for London about May,
1677, and that he was then able to take with him
fome Impreftions of the Edition of his Indian
Wars, and to fuperintend its republication there.

Mr. Hubbard's next literary Labor was upon a
Hiftory of New England. How long he had it
in Hand does not appear, though it may be con-

' He fays incidentally in his Fre- Country." It is evident that he

face to the Hift. of New England, failed for England after the i6th of

that he had been in New England February, 1677, ^nd if he returned

48 years, " fave two or three Years, by Oaober, 1678, he was abfent

when he was abfent in his native but about 16 or 18 Months.

Life of the Author, xxiii

jectured that he was ftimulated to undertake it by
the Friend of New England with whom he afTo-
ciated while in London. However this may have
been, it is certain that in the Spring following his
Return from England, his Work was finifhed, and
laid before the General Court for its fanction, and
aid, if it faw fit to grant them. The A(flion of
the Court upon it, is dated the eleventh of June,
1679, and is thus exprefled on its Records: —
"This Court being informed that Mr. Wm. Hub-
bard hath taken Paynes in compiling a Hiftory of
New England, doe order that our honored Gov-
ernor [Simon Bradstreet] and William Stoughton,
Esquier, Capt. Daniel Fifher,^ Lieut. Wm. John-
son,"" and Capt. Wm. Torrey,^ be a Committee
to perufe the same, and make Return of their
Opinion thereof to the next Seffion, that the Court
may then, as they fhall then judge meete, take
order for the Impreffion thereof."''- Here the
Matter refted for about two Years, when, on the
eleventh of October, 1682, it was again brought
up, and the following Order was palled : " Whereas

1 He belonged to Dedham, and attainments. He was from Wey-
diedin 1683. His Son, of the fame mouth. " He was a Perfon of fuch
Name, was confpicuous the next deep and extenfive Views, that in
Year for the refolute Part he took in Publick Affairs of great Difficulty,
the Revolution. See Hift. and An. the Governor, Dep. Governor and
tiqs. Bofton, 484. Council of the Colony uf'd to fend

to him, tho' 15 miles off, to help
2 Son, I fuppofe, of Capt. Edward them with his wife Obfervations and
Johnfon, Reprefentative from Wo- Advice." — Prince, Fref. to Torrej's
burn. Brief Difcourfe.

2 A Man of fuperior Abilities and * Mafs. Col Records.

xxiv Life of the Author,

it hath binn thought neceffary, and a Duty incum-
bent vpon vs, to take due notice of all Occur-
rences and PalTages of Gods Providence towards
the People of this Jurifdi6tion lince their firft
arrivall in thefe Parts, which may remajne to
Pofterity, and that the Reverend Willjam Hub-
bard hath taken Paynes to compile a Hiftory of
this Nature, which the Court doeth with thank-
fulnefs acknowledge ; and as a Manifeftation
thereof, doe hereby order the Treafurer to pay
vnto him the Some of fiuety Pounds in Money, he
tranfcribing it fairely into a Booke, that it may
be the more eafily pervfed, in order to the fatif-
fa(5tion of this Court."^

Probably, owing to the Poverty of the Treafury
Department, the fifty Pounds was not paid ; and a
new Order was made on the 30th of March, 1683,
which is thus exprelled : ** This Court hauing
formerly granted fifty Pounds to y^ Reu. Mr. W^^
Hubbard in Confideration of his Pajne in Colled:-
ing a Hiftory of the Firft Planting and Settling
of this Colony, as in October laft, for fifty Pounds,
it is ordered, that the Treafurer pay him or his
order halfe of the fajd Sume, as foone as Money
comes into his Hands, and that the Debts due from

1 In his Preface to the " Hiftory thcTimethc above Order was made,

of New England," — to be noticed and accompanied the Copy of the

onward, — he fays he came here Hiftory, " fairly tranfcribed into a

" about forty-eight Years fincc," but Book." Hencethe Time ot his cmi-

thcre being no Date to the Preface, gration agrees with 1635, and not

the Time is a little uncertain. Itwas, with 1632,33 *' Tranjcril/er" i'zys

however, very likely written about in Maj's Hijl. Colls.

Life of the Author, xxv

the Country be payd in Courfe they arife, due by
this Court's Order."

The Work appears to have been copied and
made ready for the Prefs ; but whether the Au-
thor received anything we do not find. It is,
however, certain that the General Court never
pubUihed the Work, and it thus laid in Manu-
fcript until the Year 1 8 1 5, when another Move- .
ment was made for its publication. It was
printed by the Mafiachufetts Hiftorical Society,
by the aid of Funds furniflied by the Legillature.
The Work can hardly be faid to have been
edited,' and it was printed on an inferior and
coarfe Paper, altogether unworthy of the Work.
But poor as the Edition was, it became fcarce in
the courfe of about thirty Years, and the Society
found itfelf under the necefTity of republifhing
it. This was done in 1848, under the very able
Editorfhip of Mr. William Thaddeus Harris, of
Cambridge, and was in other refped:s refped:ably
brought out. It forms two Volumes of the Hif-
torical Collections, making volumes fifth and
fixth of its Second Series. Though divided into
two Volumes the Work is continuoully paged. A
number of Copies of the firft Edition were ftruck
off for the Commonwealth, in Confideration of

1 There is an able and excellent been a better Chronicler. Jofeph

Preface to the Society's Edition, McKean was affbciated with him,

written by the Rev. Abiel Holmes, but Mr. Holmes evidently drew up

than whom, fince the Days of the the " Prefatory Notice," and made

Rev. Thomas Prince, there has not what few Emendations there are.

D

xxvi Life of the Author.

Funds advanced as before mentioned. Of the
fecond Edition, a few were alfo feparately
printed.

In compofing his Hiftory of New-England,
Mr. Hubbard had Winthrop's Manufcript Jour-
nal, Governor Bradford's Hiftory of Plymouth
Colony, and many other original Documents,
fome of which are not now probably in Exiftence,
which much enhances the Value of the Work.
The Fafliion of writing Hiftory has greatly changed
fmce the Days of Mr. Hubbard and his Cotem-
poraries. In their Time it was not cuftomary to
give Authorities, or to be always Exa6t in Dates.
Mr. Hubbard drew freely from his Documents,
putting them into elegant and intelligible Lan-
guage. Some Critics have accufed him of appro-
priating Materials to his own Ufe without Ac-
knowledgment, but the Accufation is an ill timed
one, as ample Acknowledgment is found in his
Preface.*

During the year 1682, Mr. Hubbard delivered
a Faft Sermon, and a Funeral Difcourfe on the
Death of General Daniel Denifon, pronounced
'' fuperior productions " by competent Judges.
Thefe were printed. The fame Year he was
called upon, with four other diftinguiftied Gentle-
men, to decide, as far as they could by ther
Recommendation, a Difficulty of a parochial Nature
in Andover. The other Gentlemen were Daniel

' This was recently found, in Belknap, and has been printed by
tranfcript, among the Papers of Dr. the Mafs. Hill. Society.

Life of the Author. xxvii

Denifon, Samuel Philips, John Richardfon and
Samuel Appleton — Mr. Hubbard's Name ftanding
fecond among them. Mr. Hubbard was not
of an impullive or fanatical Temperament, but
for the Times rather difpofed to be tolerant, or as
Hutchinfon exprefles it, " Catholic " in his Views.
Hence he was feled:ed and appointed to adl in the
Capacity of Prelident of Harvard College, by Sir
Edmund Andros, in 1688, Dr. Increafe Mather
being abfent. And we learn from an Entry in
Judge Sewall's Diary, that at that Commence-
ment Mr. Hubbard " made an Oration, in which
he compared Sir W"^. Phips to Jafon bringing
home the Golden Fleece."'

During Mr. John Dunton's Reiidence in this
Country, in the Courfe of his Travels he vilited
Ipfwich. The next Day after his Arrival Mr.
Hubbard called upon him, " hearing he had
brought to Bofton a great Venture of Learning,
& afterwards took him to his Houfe & gave him
a very handfome Entertainment." Mr. Dunton
at once appreciated the. Character of our Au-
thor— ^^obferving, '* he freely communicates his
Learning to all who have the Happinefs to fhare
in his Converfe. In a Word, he is learned without
orientation and Vanity, and gives all his Produc-
tions fuch a delicate Turn and Grace (as is feen in
his printed Sermons and Hiftory of the Indian
Wars) that the Features and Lineaments of the

1 Quincy's Hift. Harvard Coll. i, Reg\, vi, 74. Mr. Mather failed
58, 59.— iV. Eng. Hiji. y Grn, for England, 7 April, 1688.

xxviii Life of the Author,

Child make a clear Difcovery and Diftindion of
the Father ; yet he is a Man of fingular Modefty,
of ftridt Morals, and has done as much for the
Converfion of the Indians, as mod: Men in New-
England." ' This was the unbiafed Judgment
of a man qualified to form a corred Opinion of
Men ; and adds Force to the Fad:, that it often
happens that thofe who do the moft Good in the
World are the laft to proclaim it.

There was written a Letter to Governor John
Archdale of South Carolina, dated at Ipfwich on
the 26th of June, 1696, refpedling Emigrants
from that Town to that Colony. It is an able
Performance, and is attributed on internal Evi-
dence to Mr. Hubbard. Three Years later he
joined fome others in a Reproof refpedling a De-
claration made by Brattle Street Church in
Bofton : that Declaration being charged with
being lax in fome of its Ordinances. He was
now far advanced in Years, and probably allowed
the ufe of his Name in fome Inftances where no
harm could arife from fuch ufe. Two years
after, 1701, in conne(5lion with the Rev. Mr.
John Higginfon of Salem, Mr. Hubbard pub-
liihed a ** Dying Teftimony to the Order of the
Churches."

In the mean time he had affifted Dr. Cotton
Mather materially by furnilhing him with Fadis
for his Church Hiftory, This is properly ac-

' Life and Errors, ii, 134.

Life of the Author. xxix

knowledged by Dr. Mather in his Magnalia,
pubHfhed in 1702.

On the fecond of Auguft, 1702, there is a
Record to the EfFed:, that through the Infirmities
of Age he is unable to perform his duties as a
Minifter, and defires his People to provide him
fome Affiftance ; and on the lixth of the following
May he retired from his minifterial Labors. His
Circumrtances were probably not affluent, and
perhaps on the other extreme. However that
may have been, his Society fliowed their good
will towards him by making him a Prefent of
lixty Pounds. The Hiftorian of Ipfwich fays,
and of all Men of this Generation he ought to be
bed: informed on this Subject: "Though Mr.
Hubbard had a large Patrimony, yet he ex-
pended this as well as his Salary in the Support
of his Family, and in difcharging the Duties of
Hofpitality and other Benefices."^

If he had become a Burden to his Parifh, which
does not appear, he continued fo but a brief
Period after the Clofe of his A6tive labors, for his
peaceful Days were fuddenly terminated on the
Night of September the 14th, 1704, at the Age of
83. The Event is noticed by Judge Sewall in his
Diary, in thefe Words: "September 14th, 1704,
Thurfday, Mr. Hubbard of Ipfwich goes to the
Ledlure, after to Col. Appleton's, goes Home, and
dies that Night." Some time before his Death,
the Meeting-houfe in which he preached having

1 Felt, Hiftory of Ipfwich, 231.

XXX Life of the Author,

become old, it was fold for twenty Pounds/ His
Society a few days after his Deceafe, voted thirty-
two Pounds towards his funeral Charges, in which
was included the twenty Pounds, the Proceeds of
the Old Meeting-houfe.

Strange to fay, no Monument of any kind
marks the laft Refting-place of this eminent
Scholar, Hiftorian and Divine 1 Nor does any
one know even his Place of Sepulture !

His Refidence was about one hundred Rods
from the late Dr. Dana's Meeting-houfe, near
the Bank of the River, commonly called Turkey
Shore.- He was twice married. His firft Wife
was Margaret, only Daughter of the Rev. Na-
thaniel Rogers, and fifter to the Rev. Dr. John
Rogers, the fifth Prefident of Harvard College.
She is laid to have been a Lady of many Virtues
and excellent Reputation, but the Time of her
Death is not known, and like her eftimable Con-
fort, probably refts without a Monument to
denote her Place of Burial. Late in Life he
married a fecond Time, Mary, Widow of Samuel
Pearce, who was living in 1 7 1 o. This Connection
was faid to have been difpleafing to his People,
from a Fancy that he had taken a Companion not
focially his Equal, while, in other refpedts, {lie
was allowed to be a worthy and virtuous Perfon.

1 Jan. 16, 1701. — Heard Mr. was preached in the New Meeting-
Rogers preach the laft Sermon in houfe. — Sewalfs Diary.
the Old Meeting-houfe before it '- Hijl. Ipjtvich, 231. It islam-
was torn down. On the 19th of entablc there are no early Hiftori-
thc fame month, the firft Sermon cal Difcourfes about Ipfwich.

Life of the Author. xxxi

On reading the Works of Mr. Hubbard, every-^
one muft allow that Mr. Dunton rightly judged
of the Character and Mind of that Author. Turn
to his Dedication of the Indian Wars to the three
Governors, and I am of the Opinion that it would
be difficult at this day to find a finer Piece of
Compofition. His References to his Work is as
modeft as it is elegant, and fo happily conceived,
that I cannot avoid extracting the clofing Part
of it : ^* It carries nothing with it but Truth, (as I
hope it will be found) which may well expert to
meet with a ready Welcome, and fuitable Enter-
tainment in every honefl: Mind : but all Men are
not fo equally balanced in their Affections as to
bear with Plain Dealing, and give that harmlefs
Dove a refting Place in their Minds for the Sole
of her Foot." England's great Poet was not more
happy inhisEftimate of the Compofition of Man's
Nature, exprefi^ed in thefe immortal Lines :

" Men mutl be taught as if you taught them not.
And Things unknown propof'd as Things forgot."

And it will readily be perceived, that the
Philofophy which operated to produce in the
Mind of the Hifiiorian the Sentiment exprefi^ed
in the above Paragraph was the fame which
gave to our Literature the imperifhable Verfes
of the Poet of Twickenham.

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NARRATIVE

OF THE TROUBLES WITH THE

IN DIANS

In N E W - E N G L A N D, from the firlT: planting thereof in the year

1607. to this prefent year 1677. ^^^ chiefly of the late

Troubles in the two laft years, 1675. and 1676.

To which is added a Difcourfe about the Warre with the

P E 0 U O D S

In theyear 1637.

^y W. Hubbard, Minijier of Ipfwich.

Andthe Lord faid unto Mofes, write this for a Memoriall in a Book, and rehearfe it in
the ears of Jojkua ; for I will utterly put out the Remembrance of Amelek
from under heaven. Exod. 17 14.

Wherefore it is faid in the book of the VVarrs of the Lord, what he did in the redfea, and
in the Brooks of Arnon. Numb: 21 14.

As cold waters to a thirfy foul, fo is good news from a far Country. Pro v 25.25.

Exprefla Imago, et quafi fpeculum quoddam vitae human<^ eft hiftoria, quia talia
vel fimilia fcmper poffiint in mundo accidere. Thucyd.

Hiftoria tradit qurf' fada fmt, et qu^ femper fint futura, donee eadcm manet homi-
num natura idem.

Hiftoria cognitio tutifTima inftitutio, et pr^paratio eft ad aftiones politicas et illu-
ftris Magiftra ad perferendas fortune vices. Polyb.

Publijhed by Authority.

BOSTON;

Printed by John Fojler, in the year i 6 y 'j.

Notes to the next Page.

1 The Work was probably already
in print, for if the printing was not
commenced before the " 29th of
March, 1677," the Time to print
it and fend a copy to London, and
have it "Licenced" there on the
following 27th of June, fhort of
three Months, would be a difpatch
nearly equal to what we could ex-
peft at this Day.

^Bradftreet, Denifon and Dud-
ley are Names too familiar to all
Readers of New England Hiftory,
to require any fpecial Notice. For
the Names as printed to the original
Edition I have fubftituted fac-fimile
Autographs. It will be feen that
Gen. Denifon did not write his Name
Dennifon, as it is printed in the
Hiftory of Ipfwich, and in many
other Works. The three Gentlemen
were very nearly related. The Wife
of Gov. Bradrtreet was fifter to Mr.
Dudley, and was noted for her po-
etical Talents. Gen. Denifon mar-
ried Patience, another Sifter.

3 It will be feen by a reference to

the Poftfcript, that the Author had
not finifhed his Work as late as April
of the Year of publication, and that
it was licenced in England but about
two Months after he is known to
have been at work upon it.

4 A fomewhat prominent Perfon
during and after the Civil Wars.
He fufFered a long Imprifonment for
theCourfe he took againft his Coun-
try during Cromwell's Rule, and
came very near lofmg his Head. His
proper Charafter will be found in
the Cyclopedia of Englifli Literature.
He tranflated many Works, wrote
Poetry, and publifhed one of the firft
Newfpapers in England, a Volume
of which is before me. He was of
an ancient Norfolk Family, and died
on the 12th of Dec. 1704. The
Puritans were no Favorites of his,
which he difcovered on various Oc-
cafions. They retaliated by anagra-
matizing his Name, making it read
Lying Strange Roger. He received
the honor of Knighthood from James
II. See ^ Cotnplete Hiji. of Europe
for 1704, p. 592.

THE worthy Author of this Narrative (of
whofe Fidelity we are well alTured) by his
great Pains and Induftry, in collecting and compil-
ing the feveral Occurrences of this Indian Warre,
from the Relations of fuch as were prefent in
the particular Anions, hath faithfully and truly
performed the fame, as far as beft Information
agreeing could be obtained, which is therefore
judged meet for publick View : and we whofe
names are underwritten, deputed by the Govern-
our and Council of the MalTachufets Colony to
perufe and licenfe the fame ; have and do accord-
ingly order it to be imprinted,' as being of publick
Benefit, and judge the Author to have deferved
due Acknowledgement and Thanks for the fame.

Bofton, March 29.^^^wv^^j.-^^^,^^;t^ a

Licenfed,

June 27. 1677.3

Roger L'Ejirange.^

(1, 2, 3, 4.) See Notes on redo of this leaf.

P*)008GK3IOOOlOK5(OJOSiC»0^

THE

^relent ^tate

OF

New-England,

BEING A

NARRATIVE

Of the Troubles with the

INDIANS

IN

NETV-ENGLA ND, from the firft planting

thereof in the year 1607, to this prefent year 1677 :

But chiefly of the late Troubles In the two laft

years 1675 and 1676.

To which is added a Difcourfe about the War
with t\iQ P E ^U O DS \n the year 1 637.

By IF. Hubbard Minifter of Ipfwich.

And the Lord f aid unto Mofes, Write this for a Memorial in a Book, and
rehearje it in the ears ofjojhua ; for I will utterly put out the Remem-
brance of Amelek from under heaven, Exod. 17. 14.

LONDON:

Printed for Tho. Farkhurjl at the Bible and Three Crowns in Cheapjide,
near Mercers-Chappel, and at the Bible on London- Bridge. 1677.

To the Honorable John Leveret Efq; Governour
of the Colony of Majfachufetts ; Josiah Winslow
Efq; Governour of the Colony of Plymouth ; Wil-
liam Leet Efq ; Governour of the Colony ofCon-
neBicut. 5

NOTWITHSTANDING the great and
unvaluable Good that hath in all Ages of
the World accrued to Mankind by order
and Government ; yet fuch is the depravednefs of
mans Nature, and Imperfection of his Knowledge,
that it is well hard to find out, as difficult to
maintain fuch a Form and Order of Government
as will prove a fufficient Fence and fecurity for fo
great a treafure as is the common Good, and pub-
lick Safety, After the fad and long experience of
former Times, fome have thought no Means can
be found out fo effectual for the upholding and
preferving the fame, with all the facred and civil
Rights and Privileges thereunto belonging, as a
Liberty in this Cafe for People to defign and chufe
out from among themfelves, the Perfons that are
to be intrufted with thofe great Concerns.^ What-

^ Full and ample Biographies •of
the Governors of the three Colonics
will be found in Eliot & x-^llen's
Di6tionaries. Gov. Leet defervcs
the Gratitude of this and Ages to
come for his Proteftion of the fo
called Regicides of Charles the I,
and his ftern Republicanifm. See
Stiles's Hijiory of the Judges, 92.

^ It was neceflary, or the Hifto-
rian thought it to be fo then, to
tread cautioufly upon Republcan
Ground ; nor is his Caution to be
wondered at, when it is confidered
that the Author wrote 200 years
before the Principles afferted by
Cromwell and our Fathers were
firmly eftablilhed.

8 The Epijlle Dedicatory.

ever may be faid for the extolling of the Happi-
nefs of them that have fuch an Advantage in their
Hands, all that may be comprehended within the
compafs of fuch Power, it is for the prefent in
the principal and leading part thereof devolved
upon yourfelves in all the three Colonies of New
England ; who by the choice of the free People
in thofe your feveral Jurifdidtions, are now called
to adl your feveral Parts as chief on the publick
Stage of Government. Ever fmce you have taken
your Turns at the Helm, there have been very
boifterous Winds and rough Seas, threatning Ship-
wrack of all ; which notwithstanding, you need
[ ] not be difcouraged, while due Confideration
is had, to whom, and what you have embarqued
with you. When once the great Roma?! Conqueror^
and chief Founder of their Monarchy, was pall-
ing the Adriatick Sea in difguife, the Pilot being
difmayed with the liercenefs of the Winds, the
raging of the Waves, his PalTenger pulled off his
Difguife, and bid him be of good courage and not
fear, for he caried Cafar, and all his Fortunes -J
Surely Jefus Chrijl and all his Promifes, in which
you are . not a little concerned, is a far better
Ground of Comfort and Encouragement in a flormy
Seafon. Luther was wont to fay, or did once in
a great exigent fay, that he had rather Rtiere cum
Chrijlo quaffi Jiare cum Cccfar ; accounting Chriji
a better Friend, though falling as to the World, to

* This api illulb-ation will be found Edition 1685, " tranflatcd by feveral
in Plutarch's Lives, vol. iv, 460-1, Hands."

The Epijlle Dedicatory, 9

truft to, than Ccefar landing in Power, according
to the Word of Chrift himfelf, greater is he that is
in yoUy than he that is in the World; fo as all fuch
may fay with the Prophet, Rejoice not againji me,
O mine Enemy ; for when I fall I fliall rife ; when I
ft in Darknefs, the Lord JJiall be a Light unto me ;
which I truft yourfelves have had fo much Expe-
rience of, in thefe late dark Difpenfations, that if
fometimes you have not feen, yet always you have
believed that Light was fown for the Righteous,
and that there fliall be a clear breaking forth of
the Sun, after the Tempeft is over: what God
hath planted Ihall not by Man, or any of Satans
Inftruments be plucked up. It is with young
Colonies as it is with Trees newly planted ; which
thofe Winds as one faith, that are not fo boifterous
as to blow down, do fo far Advantage as to ihake
them to a greater Faftnefs at the Root.^ The Sove-
reign Ruler of the World doth by fuch Ways and
Means bring about his Peoples Good, at the firft,
not well underftood, nor ealily brooked, till the
quiet Fruit of Righteoufnefs be difcerned to fpring
up unto all fuch as are exercifed therein. It hath
been no fmall Advantage that the Staff of Govern-
ment, and the Shields of this Part of the Earth
were put into your Hands. 9 (Before the Boar out

SRefledlipg upon the terrible Storm nefs we do not emerge a better and

which has been defolating our Coun- ftronger People, we may truly " dif-

try for nearly four Years, an Ob- pair of the Republic,'' as we fhall

ferver will comprehend the full Force dcftroy the Hopet of the Enlightened

of the Comparifon drawn in the throughout the World.
Text, And if by this volcanic

Eruption from the Bowels of Dark- ^ Mr. Lcet was not Governor

F

lo The Epijlle Dedicatory,

of the Wood hath broke into the Breach, and
the Reftorers of Paths to dwell in, while hoth
yourfelves, and thofe under your Charge and Con-
dud:, are looking unto him, who is promifed to
be the Peace of his People, when the Alfyrian
fliall come into their Land.

The coniideration of the Power wherewith you
are inverted, together with the great Wifdom,
Faithfulnefs and Courage by which it hath been
managed by you, in your ieveral Stations, hath
induced me to delire that the Hiftorical Difcourfe
enfuing might pafs into publick View under the
Umbrage of your Protection. If a Reafon be de-
manded for the [ ] entituling fo many Names of
worth to the Patronage of fo fmall and inconlid-
erable a Volume ; I need no other Apology at
this time, than I find in the Words of the Wife
Man ; there are Cafes wherein two are better than
one, and a three-fold cord is not eajily broken .•'° For
it being like to pafs through your feveral Jurif-
didtions, I conceived it might need a Palfport of
fafe condudl from him that doth prefide in either
of them. It carries nothing with it but Truth (as
I hope will be found) which may well expert to
meet with a ready Welcom, and fuitable Enter-
tainment in every honeft Mind ; but all men are

of Conncdicut when the War be- Proverb, when he was ordered by
gan, but was eledted in 1676, after Gen. Johnfon to lead an advance
the death of Mr. John Winthrop. againft the French and Indians un-'

der Gen. Die/kau. See Hohncs's
1" The Indian Chief, Hendrick, Jf/irrictui Annals, vol. 11, page 64,
beautifully illuilratcd this ancient and ^ooi of the Indians, '^iG.

The Epijile T)edicatory, ii

not.fo equally balanced in their Affed:ions as to
bear with plain dealing, and give that harmlefs
Dove a refting Place in their Minds for the fole
of her Foot. Of all Writings thofe that are hif-
torical, fpecially while the things mentioned are
frefli in Memory, and the A(ftors themfelves fur-
viving, had need be perufed with a wary Pace.
Notwithftanding the great Care that hath been
taken to give all and every one, any way con-
cerned in the Subjedt of the Difcourfe, their juft
due, and nothing more or lefs, yet perhaps fome
critical Reader will not let every Sentence pafs
without fome cenfure or other. It was once by
a great Man accounted no fmall Offence in an
harmlefs Poet, that fome of his Titles were mif-
placed as they were marfhalled up in their order :
If any Hiftorian fhould commit an Error parallel
thereunto, a Pardon, as it may be needed, in fuch
a Script as is the prefent Narrative, fo may it be
the better expected, while paffing up and down
under the Guard of your Authority, yea though
it fliould chance to be an Offence of an higher
Nature ; as the miftiming of fome Paffages, mif-
taking the Diftance of fome Places, or too often
touching upon the fame Particulars, which could
not be well avoided in a Colledion of fo many
Occurrents too haftily drawn up, though true ;
yet unfeafonably, or out of due Time coming to
light, without a total omiffion of fome material
Paffages. It was intended at the firft only as a
private Effay, wherein to bind up together the

12 The Epijile Dedicatory.

the moft memorable Paffages of divine Provi-
dence, during our late, or former Troubles with
the Indians ; it might have remained in the Place
where it was firft conceived and formed, or been
fmuthered as an imperfedt Embrio, not worthy
to fee the Light, if fome fuch as yourfelves had
not both quickened the Being, and haftned the
Birth thereof. Something of this Nature may be
of ufe to Pofterity, as well as to thofe of the pre-
fent Generation, to help them both to call to
their Mind, and carry along the Memory of.fuch
eminent Deliverances, and fpecial Prefervations
granted by divine Favour to the People here ; as
it was of old commanded of God himfelf, that a
Regifter ihould be kept of thofe Wars, which in
oppolition to others, were in a peculiar [ ] man-
ner to be called The Wars of the Lord ; and fuch
as thefe here treated of, if any, fince miraculous
Deliverances have ceafed, may truly be faid to
deferve that Title." If it had fallen into fome
abler Hand, it might have been fet forth with
better choice of Words, and more fit Expreffions,
that might have left a deeper Impreffion on the
Minds of thofe who are moft concerned to retain
it ; however it being now likely to be brought to
publick View, I have prefumed to offer it to your-

' ' Mr. Hubbard was too much Endorfement of the Cafes of Con-
in advance of his Age to be a firm fcience was obtained under Cir-
Believcr in " Miraculous Deliver- cumllances unfavorable to a full
ances ; " hence he refers to the Knowledge of their Import. See
Subjedt very delicately. And we the New Edition of Mather's Re-
may reafonably conclude that his iation, IntroduBion, p. xxii.

The Epijlle Dedicatory. ^13

felves, as on the Accounts forementioned, fo alfo
as a teftimony of my thankful and deferved ac-
knowledgement of that Wifdom and Integrity
abundantly fhown forth in the Adminiftration of
your Authority.

Much Honored and Honorable, I have nothing
more to add, but the engagement of my continual
and daily Prayers to the God of the Spirits of all
flefli, that he would carry you through all Troubles,
Difficulties and Trials you may be conflicting with,
whether perfonal or political ; and that he would
blefs your Councels at Home ; profper your En-
terprizes abroad, and long continue your Lives in
the prefent Generation, for his own Glory and his
peoples Good ; that after you have ferved your
Generation here, your Memory like that of the
juft, may be blefled, and that you may have Peace
as the Inheritance of the remaining Ifrael of God
in thefe Ends of the Earth : which is, and fliall
be the earneft wifli, and conftant defire of
Tour mojl humble and

Devoted Servant^

From my Study, J.r.

i6th, 12. 1676.^^ ^/lASi0L^jn(bh^*l

1-It flioLild be remembered, that Year. Hence the above date, ac-
in the Calendar of that time, Feb- cording to our prefent ufage, is
fuary was the laft month of the February 1 6th, 1677,

nii»iimnmM**j

An Advertifement to the

READER.

THE following hifiorical EJfay, was, when firji
draw ft upy intended only for the SatisfaBion of a
private Friend, and not for the Ufe of the Publick ;
therefore hope I may be excufed, if Ifalljhort there-
in of that Exa^tnefs, which might be expeBed from
one that defignedly undertook a Work of this Nature :
however triijling more to the Judgment of fome who
have accidentally had the Perufal thereof, than mine
own, I am not unwilling that others fJjould receive
Benefit thereby. 'The Compiler of an Hijlory can
challenge little to himfelf but methodizing the Work,
the Materials heing found ready to his Hand; Diligence
in gathering them together, and Faithfulnefs in im-
proving them, is all that is upon point required of
him ; in both which I have endeavoured to make good
what the Profeffion I have now taken up obliges me
unto. The Matter of Ea5l therein related (being
rather Mafj acres, barbarous inhumane Outrages, than
ABs of Hofiility, or valiant Atchievements) no more
deferve the Name of a War than the Report of them
the Title of an Hifiory,^^ therefore I contented my f elf

1'^ This may refer to Dr. I. the Indians from time to time as

Mather's Brief Hiftory of Philip's Armies, but he gives good Authority

War, in which he fpeaks of the for its Ufe, See Hift. King Philip's

fmall numbers of Men fent againft War, i66, 211.

1 6 T'o the Reader,

ivith a Narrative. Much of what is therein men-
tioned, depending on the fmgle Authority of particular
Perfons^an exaB Defcription of every Occurrent was
hardly to he obtained : All Soldiers are not like
Csfar, able to defcribe with their Fens, what they
have done with their Swords : But the ?noJi ?naterial
Pajfages inferted, were either gathered out of the
Letters, or taken from the Mouths offuch as were eye
or ear Witnefes of the things themf elves ; and thoje
alfo Perfons worthy of Credit. Infuch Pajfages as
were varioufly reported by the ASiors, or Spectators,
that which fee me d ?noJi probable is only inferted. If any
Errour be committed about the Scituation or Dijiance
of Places, it ??iay deferve an Excife rather than a
Cenfure: For our Soldiers in the Purfuit of their Ene-
mies being drawn into 7nany defer t Places, inacceffible
Woods, and imknown Paths, which no Geographer s
Hand ever tneafured, fcarce any Vultures Eye had ever
feen, there was a Necejity to take up many Things in
Reference thereunto upon no better Credit fometimes
than common Report. One or two Pajfages need a
more particular Excuje, or at leaf Explication : As
where it is faid, p. 2, That the firft Colony was
fent hither Atino 1605, The Mijlake is eafily helped,
by minding the Reader that the Patent or Co?nm{fJion
was that Tear granted, when alfo Capt. Henry Chal-
lons was fent over upon fome further Difcoveryof the
Country, before the Adventurers [ ] would

hazard a greater Charge : Soon after the Departure
of the J aid Challons the fame Tear Sir John Pop-
ham, one of the principal Fndertakers, fent out

To the Reader, 17

another Ship to fecond him under the Command of
Capt, Haman, Martin Prin of Briftow'"'- being
Majier, who not fijtding Challons ffor he mifcarried
in his Defgn^ being fei'zed hy fome Strangers in the
way J yet returning with good News, the next Tear
they fent out two Ships with an hundred Men, with
Ordnance and other Provifion, under the ConduB of
Capt. George Popham, and Capt. Rawley Gilbert,
who built a Fort in fome place about Sa-ga-de-hoch,
called St. Georges Fort, the Ruines of which are re-
maining to this Day, as fome fay. Probably other
like Miftakes may be obferved, in defer ibing the Bounds
and Dimenfons of fome of the Patents, and Grants of
Land belonging to the other Colonies ; but an Hiforian
being no Pretorian fudg, his Report cannot prejudice
any peoples JuriJdiBion, or perfons Propriety.

Further alfo where it is f aid p. 7, That the hidians
had Uved peaceably with the Engliili here near
forty Years, ever lince the Pequod War ; // is to be
underjiood with reference to publick ABs of Hojlil-
ity ; for particular Mif chiefs have been co?nmitted by
fever al Indians in fome parts of the Country, but the
ASlors were iiot abetted therein by any of their Coun-
try men .-'5 As at Nantucket, an I/land to the Eaji-
ward of Cape Cod, when in the End of the Tear

^■'Briftol. In early Times writ- i J It would not be difficult to

ten as above, but not often as late enumerate many cafes of the kind

as our Author's Time. In Hakluyt's here referred to. Some will be

Voyages it is always Briftow, fo far found detailed in the Book of the

as I remember. Prin's name is Indians. The Author again refers

written with variation, as Prinn, to the Subjeft of " private Mur-

Pring, &c. ders," as will be feen onward.

1 8 To the Reader,

1664, fojne Villanous Indians miirthered fome that
filtered Shipwreck upon that IJland, yet Jufttce was
done upon two or three of the chief A5l or s.^^ In like
Manner within a few Tears after the Pequod Wars,
Mrs. Hutchinfon'7 was killed by the Indians iiear
a Dutch Plantation ; ahout which time fome other
Infolencies of like Nature were aBed by the Indians
Southward, either upon Long-Ifland, or in fome Place
within New-haven Colo?iy. Alfo a Murther was
committed at Farmington,'^ another at Woburn,'^
by fome Indians in their drunken Humour, upon a
Maidfervant or two, who denied them Drink. All
which hinder not the Truth of what is afirmed in the
Narrative, fuch Murthers being too frequently co?n-
mitted in the moji peaceable Places in the World.
Such Errours as are the forementioned, being over-
looked by the Candid Reader, it is prefumed there will
not be many other Faults to be complained of unlefs

!'■' There is a Hiftory of Nan- Depofinons, but have within a few-
tucket, and one might rcafonably Months been tranflated and pub-
expcft to find in it fomcthing ex- hl"hed by Dr. E. B. O'Callaghan,
planatory of this Affair. But there of Albany, to whom we are in
is nothing. The x'\uthor evidently other Refpcds much indebted,
thought a Hiflory of Whales and

how to catch them of more impor- ^^The Murder and Arfon at

tancc than what concerned the In- Farmington was a far more horrid

dians. Affair than the cafual Notice in the

Text would lead us to fuppofe.

I'The melancholy Fate of that For the Particulars see Porter's

unfortunate Ladv and her Family Hift. Far7nington, 31, and Qol.

appears to have been early known Rcc. Ct., i, 294.
in MafTachufctts, while the full

particulars of it have but recently '-'Seethe Old Indiaii Chronicle^

appeared. Thefe lay locked up in 136-7, and Book of the Indians.

the Dutch Records, in the form of 698-9.

To the Reader, 19

fuck as are merely Typographical ; or elfe were occa-
fioned by the dropping in of particular Pajfages, after
the whole was drawn up, which I was willing to in-
fer t, although it occafoned the Difcourfe in fome F laces
to he a little niore coirfufed than elfe would have been.
If ever the Matter require another Edition, more ac-
curatenefs may be obferved. If thofe into whofe
Hands thefe Jhall happen to come, find any SatisfaBion
about the Occurents that have here fallen out, the
Publiper fliall account his Pains well beftowed.

To the Rev'"'^ Mr, William Hubbard 07i his
?noJi exaEi Hijlory of New-Englands
Troubles,

When thy rare Piece unto my View once came,
It made my Mufe that erft did fmoke, to flame :
Raifing my Fancy fo fublime, that I
That famous forked Mountain did efpy ;
Thence in an Extacie I foftly fell
Down near unto the Helliconian Well ;
Where Poetry, in Profe, made I did fee
By a Mercurian Brain, which fure was Thee ;
Such is thy modeft Stile, enriched with Sence,
Invention fine, faced with Eloquence :
Thy florid Language quaintly doth exprefs
The Truth of Matter in a comely drefs ;
Couching the Sence in fuch a pleafing Strain
As Makes the Readers Heart to leap again:
And fweetly draws him like thofe Lotteries
Which never mifs but always win the Prize.
But whither roves my Mufe? What can be done
By'm that augments the Sea, or lights the Sun ?
Go on brave Worthy, and let thefe Efl*aies,
Like fair Aurora uiher in the Raies
Of a Refulgent Sun arifing ckar,
Hence to illuminate our Hemifphere ;
That th'after Ages may extol the High-One
For's Loving Kindnefs to our little Sion :
And may our Senatours with due Regard,
Thefe and thy future Labours all reward ;
Though not in full, yet fuch Encouragement

22

As may in them be juft, to thee content;

For th' prefent Age, and thofe that fhall enfue,

Will be perpetual Debtors unto you.

Fame fhall with Honour crown thee ; and we'll raife

Thy lafting Monument in Groves of Bays.

Heaven blefs thee in thy Work, and may Succefs

Attend thee here, hereafter, Happinefs.

J. s.-

-'^ T am not aware of any pofi-
tive Evidence for whom thefe Ini-
tials ilanH. Once, in a Converfa-
tionwith Mr. John Farmer, that An-
tiquary expreffed the Opinion that
they liood for John Sherman, a very
noted and learned Puritan of the
Time of our Author, and Inhabitant
of Watertown. If the Conjcfture
be correft, it proves that a great
Mathematician did fometimes try to
write Poetry. Judge John Davis
fuppofcd that the Lines on Mitchell
in Morton's Memorial alfo ftand
for the fame Perfon. It may be fo,
but Verfes more unlike it would be
difficult to find. John Sherman is
accounted the Anccftor of the dif-
tinguiHied Roger Sherman of Con-

neflicut, a Signer of the Declaration
of Independence, Senator of the
United States, &c. It may be
found that the prefent Gen. Sher-
man is alfo a Defcendant. One of
the moll amufmg and charafteriftic
Articles on John Sherman will be
found in Savage's DiSIionary. That
" Volcanic " Genealogift riots in
the terrible Havoc he makes in his
repeated onflaughts upon poor non-
refiltant Cotton Mather. Even
after there feems to be nothing left
of his unfortunate Enemy, he re-
turns to the Charge with renewed
Vigor and newer and heavier Ord-
nance. After which, like his great
Prototype, he muft have wept for
other fields of Conqueft.

upon the elaborate Su?^vey of New-Eng-
lands Pajffions from the Natives^ By the
impartial Pen of that Worthy Divine
Mr. William Hubbard.

A Countries Thanks with Garlands ready lye
To wreath the Brows of your Divinity,
Renowned Sir : to Write the Churches War
In ancient times, fell to the Prophets fhare.
New-Englands Chronicles are to be had
From Nathans Pen, or Manufcript of Gad.
Purchafe-^ wrote much, Hacluyt— traverfed far.
Smith and Dutch John de Laet^-^ famous are :
Martyr^-^ with learn'd Acofta-'^ thoufands too,

21 Purchas, it is believed, never
added an e to his Name. At leaft
he did not when he pubHflied his
Pilgr 1771 age in 1613, his Pil-
grimss in 1624, or his Theatre
of Politicall Flying LiJeSls 171
-657-"

'^~ Should be written Hakluyt.
I have feen feveral original Letters
of his, all figned as orinted to his
Works.

ulated by his Difcoveries ro con-
ne61 his Name with them as their
Hiftorian. His principal Work, or
that by which he is beft known to
us, is that entitled Decades of the
New World. It was written in
Latin, tranflated by Michael Lok,
and publiflied by Richard Hakluyt,
in fmall quarto, black letter, 1612.
It was reprinted in the Supplement-
ary Volume of Hakluyt's Voyages,
181 2, 4to.

.23 A brief Note on " Dutch John '-'"Jofeph Acofta, a Peruvian

de Laet '' will be found in the new Jefuit, was born at Medina-del-

Edition of Mather's Relation, Carpo, died at Salamanca in 1600,

p. 42. aged about 60. He wrote the

Natural and Moral Hijhry of

21 Peter Martyr, a Native of /i'^ ^^y? /W/>j-, publiOied in Spanilh,

Angleria, was contemporary with in 1 591, in French, 1600, and in

Columbus, and was probably ftim- Englilh, in a neat fmall 4to, 1604.

24

Here's Novelties and Stile which all out-do,
Wrote by exafter Hand than ever took
Hiftorians Pen iincQ Europe v/e. forfook.
I took your Mufe for old Columbus Ghoft,
Who fcrap'd acquaintance with. this Weftern Coaft.
But in converfe fonie Pages I might find,
Than all Columbus Gemms, a brighter Mind.
Former Adventurers did at beft beguile,
About thefe Natives Rife (obfcure as Nile)
-Their grand Apoftle writes of their Return;
Willimns-^ their Language ; Hubbard how they burn,
Rob, Kill and Roaft, Lead Captive, Slay, Blafpheme ;
Oi EngUfli Valour too he makes his Theme,
Whofe Tragical Account may Chriftened be,
New-Englands Travels through the Bloody Sea.
Drake-' ga.t renown by creeping round the Old;
To Treat of this New World our Author's bold.
Names uncouth which ne'r Minfliew-^ could reduce

2'' Roger Williams. Of this re-
markable Man feveral Volumes oF
Biography have been written. Dr.
Romeo Elton has the honor of
being the Difcoverer of his Pliice
of Nativity and Parentage. His
Life by the Rev. J. D. Knowlcs is
little more than a valuable Collec-
tion of Materials, while the Volume
by Prof. Gammel is a well ar-
ranged and fyrtematic Biography.
A niallow Attempt was made fev-
eral years ago to circulate an old
Portrait of Dr. Franklin as a copy
of a newly difcovcred Painting of
the Founder of Rhode-lfland. The
Trick was dctcded and cxpofcd at
the time by the Editor.

•^' Of the Firll great Engliib

Circumnavigator, there is not, to
this day, a Biography at all worthy
of the Subjedl. The Editor has
for many years intended to prepare
a Work on the Life and Times of
the Admiral, and has an Amount of
Materials for the Work, from un-
publiilicd Sources, of extraordinary
Value, collefted in the Britifli Ar-
chives, during a Refidence in J'"ng-
land. He vet hopes to carry out
his Dcfign.

■-'- We look in vain into the or-
dinary Biographical Diftionaries for
a Notice of the Man, who early in
the fevcnteenth Century compiled
a Lexicon in nine Languages, and
which was publifhed in London in
1617, in folio. A fccond Edition

25

By's Polyglotton to the vulgar Ufe.
Unheard of Places, like fome New-Atlantis :
Before in Fancy only, now Newlandis :
New-found and fubtile Stratagems of War,
We can quaint Elton-^ and brave Bariffe^^ fpare :
New Difcipline and Charges of Command
Are cloath'd in Indian by this Englifh Hand.
Moxon^^ who drew two Globes, or whofoere,

was iffiied in 1625. In 1623, he
enlarged Richard Perci vale's Spanifh
and Englifh Didionary, a folio.
Alfo in the fame Year he publifhed
an augmented Edition of the fame
Author's Grammar. Of the Birth-
place or Time of Demife of John
Minfhew we are ignorant.

2^ All I can learn of this Indi-
vidual is, that he was Lieut. Col.
Richard Elton, and that, in 165c,
he publifhed j4 Compleate Body of
the Military Arts and Gunnery, in
a ftately Folio Volume.

30 Lieut. Col. William BarrifFe
publifhed his fourth Edition Mili-
tarie Difcipline : Or the 7 oung Ar-
tillery-Man/\r[. 1643, 4to , accom-
panied by his Vera Effigies.
On this Pifture he fays he is
" .^tatis fvs 42." Whether this
" Effigies " accompanied the ear-
lier Editions with • the fame In-
fcription (as is often the Cafe with
Engravings of our Times) is not
known. The firfl Edition was
publifhed in 1639. The Work is
dedicated, in the pompous Stile of
that Day, " To the Right Honour-
able Algernon, Earl of Northum-

H

berland," and " To the Right
Worfhipfull, Sir Ralph Bofvile,
Knight," not forgetting " All the
Worthy Collonels ; Lieutenant Col-
lonels. Majors, and Captaines of
the City of London. Efpecially
unto thofe that are and continue
Membgrs of the Artillery-Garden."
At this Time the " Right Worfhip-
full Phillip Skippon, Efq.," was
" Sergeant Major General of all
the Forces of London, and Captain
of that Ancient and Worthy So-
ciety exercifmg Armes in the Ar-
tillery-Garden." It is worthy of
note that the celebrated Owen
Rowe was then an Officer in the
" Garden." — Sq.^ Hijl.and Antiqs.,
Bojlon, 193-4.

31 Jofeph Moxon, an Englifh
Mathematician and Aftronomer,
was a native of Wakefield, born
8 Auguft, 1627. His Globes were
an Improvement over preceding
ones. His work on AJlronomy
and the Ufe of the Globes, is ded-
icated to the " Right Honourable,
Roger, Earl of Caftlemain,' to
whom he accords the " Moil Ex-
cellent Invention of the Englifh
Globe." In his Preface he fays

26

Muft make a third, or elfe the old ones tear.
To find a Room for thy new Map, by which
Thy Friends and Country all thou doft enrich.
Gratitudinis ergo appqfuit.

B. T.3^

*' California is found to be an Ifland,
though formerly fuppofed to be a
part of the Main Continent." The
fourth Edition of his Work is now
before me,- printed in 1686, in
quarto, accompanied by the Au-
thor's Portrait. He died about
1700.

32 1 believe it has never been
queftioned that thofe Initials ftand

for the diftinguifhed Mathematician,
Poet and Schoolmaflier, Benjamin
Tompfon. He was a fon of the
Rev. William Tompfon of Brain-
tree, born 14 July, 1642, died 13
April, 1714; was a Graduate of
H. C, 1662. A Pedigree of the.
Family will be feen in the N. E.
Hiji. Gen. Regifter, xv, 1 1 2- 1 1 6. —
See alfo Duyckinck's Cyc/op^edia of
American Literature.

[I] A

NARRATIVE

OF THE

TROUBLES

WITH THE

INDIANS

IN

MEW'EMGLAMD,

From the firft Planting thereof to the prefent Time.

NOWN unto God are all his
Works from the Foundation of
the World, though manifeft to
us only by the Events of Time,
that fruitful Mother of all
Things, which in the former
Age did bring forth, at leaft
did bring to Light the Know-
ledg of this Weftern World, called Americay>'^
that in all foregoing Times and Ages, lay hid

•^3 That a few Words from the tion. It is doubtful if the Robert-
brilliant Pen of our Author upon fons and Irvings would have been
Columbus, would have been highly more eloquent, or thofe in any other
valued at this Day, no one will quef- Language.

28 A Narrative of the Troubles [2

in this obfcure and remote Region, covered with
a Vail of Ignorance, and locked up from the
Knowledo; of all the reft of the Inhabitants of the
Earth. 3+ To whom the Honour of its Inveftiga-
tion doth of Right more properly belong, is fuffi-
ciently declared by the Hiftory and Reports of
fuch as were Eye-witneftes thereof, and not in-
tended to be any Part of the prefent Difquifition.
The moft confiderable Part of all the north Side
oi America is called New-England.^^ In the fer-
tility of the Soil, falubrioufnefs of the Air, and
many other commodious Advantages, moft re-
fembling the Country from whence it borrowed
its Appellation. For the Knowledg thereof the
World is moft beholding to the Difcoveries of the
EngliJJj under the Condud: of Sebajiion Cabbot a
famous Portegiiez.^^ [2] about the year 1497:
though lince much perfeded by the Induftry and

■''•' If the Author had ever heard he was born in Briftol, England.

any of the Stories of the Difcoveries His father, John Cabot, was a Ve-

of the Northmen along our Coaft, nitian, who fettled in Briftol in the

and of their building Stone Mills time of I^dward the Fourth, and was

on Rhode Ifland, fcratching un- a Merchant of great Enterprife. In

couth Figures on a Rock in Dighton 1497, he undertook a Voyage of

River or elfewhere, he does not fecm Difcovery towards the Weft, and

to have deemed them worthy of was the firft to fee the Continent of

Notice. North America. Sebaftian accom-

„.„ . , a ■ -L 11 u panicd his Father in this Voyage, and

3-^ Capt. John Smith tells us how ^r , , ^ 1 .{, -vr

, ^ f^ J, , ^ J afterwards made leveral other Voy-

the Country became to be fo named. ^^ ^^^^^.^,^ ^ ^

^^^\.^.DeJcnp^on of N.England, ^f, ^e Coaft. According to the

m his Generall Htlfone, u, 1 79. Statement of his Age at the Time of

^f"' The real birth-place of Sebaf- his Death in 1557, he was born in

tian Cabot was for a long time in the year 1477. See KIplilnV Life

doubt. It is now well fettled that of Cabot. rM^>icC£cd.

2] with the Indians in IVew-England. 29

travels of Captain Gofnold, Captain Hudfon,'^^ Cap-
tain Smith,^^ and others of the Englijh Nation.
North America^ this pofthumous Birth of Time, is
as to its Nativity, of the fame Standing with her
two elder Sifters, Peru and Mexico ; yet was fuf-
fered to lie in its Swadling-cloaths one whole
Century of Years.39 Nature having promifed no
fuch Dowry of rich Mines of Silver and Gold to
them that would efpoufe her for their own, as ihe
did unto the other two, which pofTibly was the
Reafon why fhe was not fo haftily deflowered by
her firft Difcoverers, nor yet fo early courted by any
of the Princes of Europe, lying wholly neglected
as it were, untill a fmall Company of Planters,
under the command of Captain George Popham,
and Captain Gilbert, were fent over at the Charge
of Sir John Popham in the year 1606,"^° to begin
a Colony upon a Trad; of Land about Sagadehoch,^^

3' Henry Hudfon was one of lumbus in 1492, to the coming of
thofe enterprifing Englifh Naviga- Gofnold in 1602, are 110 Years,
tors whom the Achievements of For fome new Inveftigations re-
Drake had ftimulated to emulate his fpefting Gofnold's Voyage, and the
Glory. After exploring the great Point on the Coaft at which he ar-
NorthernSea bearing his Name, he rived, fee Hijl. and Antiqs. of Bof-
failed in the Service of the Dutch, ton^ 12.
and difcovered the noble River juftly

named for him, though now oftener 4o Some Explanation regarding

called the North River. There is this Date will be found in the Au-

a Portrait, faid to be of him, in the thor"'s Preface.
City Hall, New York.

„._,, ^.^ . 1 Aj ^^ 'Hovf Sug-adahock. Refpedling

3 The Difcoveries and Adven- , ., , ° , j , . ^ n u

^ ,, T L c • u the Colony attempted to be eltab-

venturcs of Capt. John Smith are rru j .u .u d j -n a j

„ , ^ -" . ^ . , liihed there, the Reader will nnd

too well known to require Ipecial 1 t r .• • \. -n/r

^j .. ■, ^ ^ much Information in the Memorial

Volume of the Popham Celebration,

Notice here.

30 From the Difcovery by Co- publifhed in 1863.

30 A Narrative of the Troubles [2

fcituate on the fouth-fide of the River of Kenni-
beck, and about that called Ship/cot River, about
twenty Miles fouth-weft from Fenwiaquid, the
moft northerly Bound of all New-England.'^'^ But
that defign within two years expiring with its
firft Founder ; foon after fome honorable perfons
of the weft of England, commonly called the
Council of Flimouth, being more certainly inform-
ed of feveral navigable Rivers, and commodious
Havens, with other Places fit either for Traffick or
Planting, newly difcovered by many fkilful Navi-
gators, obtained a Grant by Patent, under the
great Seal from King James of blefted Memory,
of all that Part of North America, called New
Ejigland, from the 40 to the 48 gr. of North Lati-
tude. From which grand and original Patent, all
other Charters and Grants of Land from Pe?n7na-
quid to Delaware Bay, along the Sea-coaft, derive
their Leinage and Pedigree. Thus was that vaft
TracSl of Land, after the year 161 2. cantoned and
parceled out into many lelfer Divifions and Parcels,
according as Adventurers prefented ;'^3 which faid
Grants being founded upon uncertain, or falfe
Defcriptions, and Reports of fome that travelled

■'- The French claimed all north covery. See Sanfon's Geography,

cafterly of Pemmaquid, and all the as publiflicd by Richard Blomc,

inland Country trom the Penobfcot 1 680, p. 429.
to the Spanilii FoflcfTions in the

fouth-weft, faving a narrow Strip on '''^ A Map, made in 1625, with

the Sea-coaft, adually poflcfled by the Names of the Proprietors there-

thc Englifli, and that at bcft, was on, illuftratcs this Paffage. Copies

difputed Territory, both Nations of it accompany the Founders of

claiming it by Right of prior Dif- New England.

with the Indians in New-England. 3 1

3] " -- ^-

thither, did many of them interfere one upon
another, to the great Difturbance of the iirft
Planters, and prejudice of the Proprietors them-
felves, as is too well known by any that have had
Occafion to flay never fo little amongft them,
many of whom are yet furviving. For notwith-
ftanding the great Charge and vaft Expenfes the
firft Adventurers were at, the iirfl Proprietors of
the whole Province of Mayne^^ and others (reach-
ing from the Head of Cafco Bay North-eaft to
the Mouth of Pafcataqua River about fixty Miles
weflward) and the Hopes they might have con-
ceived of being the firft Founders of New Colonies,
and of enlarging their Eftates and Inheritances
by thefe new acquired PolTeffions and Lordfhips,
there was little Profit reaped from [3] thence
after the rich Fleeces of Beaver were gleaned
away, nor any great Improvement made of thofe
large Portions of Lands, fave the erecting of fome
few Cottages for Fifhermen, and a few iijconfid-
erable Buildings for the Planters, which were on
thofe Occafions drawn over the Sea, to fettle upon
the moft northerly Parts of New-Rngland.

But whether it were by the Imprudence of the
firft Adventurers, or the DilTolutenefs of the Per-
fons they fent over to manage their Affairs, or

44 So called, " by way of a Com- Wife of Charles was Henrietta, a

pliment to the Oueen of Charles I, Daughter of Henry IV, of France,

who owned, as her private Eftate, It was firft called Maine in the

the Province of Meyne, in France, Charter or Grant of that Part of

now called the Province of Maine." New-Englaud to Sir Ferdinando

Sullivan's Hiji. Maine, 307. The Gorges, dated April 3, 1639.

32 A Narrative of the Troubles [3

whither want of Faithfullnefs or Skill to manage
their Truft, they were by Degrees in a manner
quite deftitute almoft of Laws and Government,
and left to fhift for themfelves, by which Means
at laft they fell under the Jurifdi(5lion of the
Majfachujets -Colony, not by Ufurpation, as is by
great Miflake fuggefted to his Majejiy,, but by
Neceffity, and the earneft Defire of the Planters
themfelves ;^^ to accept of whom, thofe of the
Majjachiifets Colony were the moft eafily induced,
in that they apprehended the Bounds of their
own Patent, by a favorable Interpretation of the
Words defcribing the northern Line (three Miles
beyond the moft northerly Branch of Merimack
River) do reach fomewhat beyond Peinmaquid, the
moft northerly Place of all New England.^^

This was the firft Beginning of Things in New
England, at which Time they were not unlike
the Times of old, when the People of Jiidah were
faid to be without a teaching Prieft, and without
Law ; and no wonder Things were no more fuc-
cefsfully carried on.

In the Year 1620, a Company belonging to Mr.
Robinfons Church at Leyden in Holland, although
they had been courteoufly entertained by the
Dutch, as Strangers fojourning amongft them, yet
forefeeing many Inconveniences like to increafe,

''^ The Troubles alluded to here -J" That indeed was a Flight of

are pretty fully difcuffed in Belknap's Imagination fiinilar to what pofTefled

HiJJory of New Hamp(}:irc, and the fouthern Slave-owners, which

in other Works on our early Hif- hurried them to their own Deftruc-

tory. tion.

3] with the Indians i7t New-England, 33

and that they could not fo well provide for the
Good of their Pofterity under the Government
of a forreign Nation : they refolved to intreat fo
much Favour from their own Sovereign Prince,
King James, to grant them Liberty under the
Shelter of his Royal Authority, to place them-
felves in fome Part of New-England, and [then]
newly difcovered ;^^ therefore having obtained
fome Kind of Patent or Grant, for fome Place
about Hiidfons River, they fet fail from Pli~
mouth in September^^ for the fouthern Parts of
New England ; but as they intended to bend their
Courfe thitherward, per varios cafiis, per tot dif-
crifuina rerum ; they were at lafh caft upon a Bo-
fom of the South Cape of the Majjdchiifets Bay,
c2L\\ed Cape Cod, about the nth of Novem/^er,"^^
from whence the Winter fo faft approaching,
they had no Opportunity to remove ; and finding
fome Incouragement from the Hopefulnefs of the
Soil, and Courtefie5° of the Heathen, they refolved

'*■'' All that could be obtained of '*9 Tfhey made the Land of the
the bigotted and fuperftitious James, Cape, Nov. 9th. On the i ith they
amounted only to an equivocal Pro- figned the memorable Compact, or
mife of Connivance ; or, in other Conftitution, on board the May-
Words, that he would not moleft flower, and juil one Month later
them in their Religion unlefs he faw the whole Company were ready to
fit at any Time to change his Mind, leave the Ship, which is the Day fincc
By a moil extraordinary Piece of celebrated as FORE-Fx\THERS'
Jugglery he had been made to fuc- DAY, or the Day of the LAND-
ceed Elizabeth, to the great Misfor- ING OF THE PILGRIMS.
tune of the Protelknt World See ,,, „, , v -i 1 „r
Memoirs of Robert Carey, Earl of 7^' 1''^!^"' ^J°>^^^ ^" I"^^"-
Monmouth, 139-140. courfe with them for_ nearly three

Months; meantime giving feveral

48 Plymouth, in Devonlhire. They unmiftakable Intimations of their

failed thence Sept. 6th, 1620. Hoilihty. But on the 1 6th of March,

I

34 A Narrative of the Troubles [4.

there to make their Abode for the Future, which
they did, laying the Foundation for a new
Col [4] ony, which from the Remembrance of
the lafh Town in England they failed from, they
called New-Plimoiith, containing no very confid-
erable Trad: of Land, fcarce extending an hun-
dred Miles in Length through the whole Cape,
and fcarce half fo much in Breadth where it is
broadeft. The firft Founders of that Colony
aiming more at Religion than earthly Poffeffions,
afpiring not to any large Dimenfions of Land, in
their fettling upon thofe Coafts.^'

At Wey77ioiith alfo was a Plantation begun by
Mr. Wefton in the Year 1622, but it came to

1621, an Indian named SamoJ'et,
came fearlcffly into Plymouthi, wel-
coming the People in their own
Language. This Indian had lived
with the Englifh and had learned fo
much of their Tongue as enabled
him to be undcrltood by them. See
Mather's Rchuion, 68.

^1 Information concerning the
Setdement of Plymouth in our Au-
thor s Time was fcanty and general.
Nathaniel Morton had printed his
iV. England's Memorial eight Years
before, and feveral Trades of great
Value had been publiilied in Eng-
land, written by the Pilgrims them-
felves; but if Mr. Hubbard pof-
feflcd thcfc, they were not required
in his prcfcnt Purpofe. The Hiftory
of Plymouth is yet to be written,
iind 1 am happy to be able to ftate.

that fuch a Work is in the Hands
of the Rev. Henr-^ M Dexter, who
brings to the Taflc all the requifite
Ability and Induftry, neceffary to
its fuccefsful Accompliflimcnt.

Every Item of Information rela-
tive to the Pilgrims is of intenfc In-
tereft to thoufands, and it is to be
hoped that Englifli Local Hiltorians
will ere long recognize the Import-
ance of Inveftigations refpefting
thofe who have left their Shores for
this Hemifphere. This Remark is
elicited by a Paflagc in a recent
Work — The Hijhry and Antiquitiei
of the Parijh of BIyth, which in-
cludes AUSTERFIELD, whcrC GoV.

Bradford was born. On its Bap-

tifmal
Rev.

Willi;;
1589.

Rcgifter, the Author (the
John Raines) finds that of
m Bradford, "March ig,

4] with the India?is in New-England. 3 5

little.5- The North and South Border oi Majfa-
chujets Bay being thus planted, the middle Part
was the more eafie to be filled up, which thus
was brought about. Some Gentlemen and others,
obferving how it fared with thofe of New-Pli-
mouth, were defiring upon the like Ground to
make the fame Attempt for themfelves ; where-
fore having by a confiderable Sum of Money pur-
chafed of fome Gentlemen that had a Grant of
the Council of Plymouth, all their Right and
Intereft in a Plantation then begun in the Majfa-
chufets Bay ; and having attained a Confirmation
thereof by Patent from King Charles of famous
Memory, in the Year 1628, they fent over a
Governour" with feveral Perfons to lay fome
Foundation of another Colony in the Mujfachu-
fets Bay : and in the Year 1630, more of the
Perfons interefted in the faid Patent (thence com-
monly called Patentees) with feveral other Per-
fons, intending to venture their Lives and all with
them, tranfported themfelves and their Families
into the faid Majfachusets, who did in a fhort
Space of Time by the Acceffion of many hun-
dreds, who every Year flocked after them, make
fuch Increafe, that in the Space of five or fix
Years, there were twenty confiderable Towns
built and peopled, and many of the Towns firft
planted, became filled with Inhabitants, that like

•5- In the Hijlory and Antiquities natc Enterprife.
of Bojton, I have given all I could •^•^ John Endicott, whom fome

find relative to the Origin and Ter- have pretended was not Governor

mination of Mr. Wefton's unfortu- at this Period !

36 A Narrative of the T'l'otibles [5

Swarms of Bees they were ready to fwarm, not
only into new Plantations, but into new Colonies:
inlbmuch that in the Year 1635, a new Colony
began to be planted upon ConneBicut River, partly
by the Intereft of a Patent purchafed of that
honourable Gentleman Mr. Fennick,"^^ Agent for
the Lord 6*^^55 and Lord Brook,^^ the Lord Pro-
prietors of the faid River CoiineBiciit ; at the Mouth
of which they had built a Fort (called after their
own Titles Sey Brook Fort) commanding the Paf-
fage of the faid River. Yea fuch was the Con-
fluence of People making over into thofe Parts,
that in the Year 1638, a fourth Colony began to
be planted, bearing the Name of New/javen from
the iirfl: Town ereded therein, feated near the
Midway betwixt Hudfons River and that of Con-
nediicut. The Sea coaft from [5] the Pitch of
Cape Cod to the Mouth of ConneBicut River, in-
habited by feveral Nations of Indians, Wompanoogs
(the firft Authors of the prefent Rebellion) Nar-
haganjits, Pequods, Mohegins, as the more inland

■J George Fcnwick. He came Vifcount Say and Selc, 1613, died

to New England in 1636, and be- 1662. The Name of Scle was

gan the Settlement at the Mouth o'i added to the Title becaufe the firft

the Connefticut, which he named Lord of the Name of Fines was Son

Stiy Brook. He died in 1657. His of Sir William Fines, by Joan,

Wife was buried there, and an elabo- daughter of Sir William de Say.
rate Monument with an Infcription

upon it was ereded to her Memory, •'''' The firft Lord Brooke was
but the Infcription was illegible long Grand-fon of the noted Sir Fulke
fince. Dr. Stiles faw it in 1793, Grcville, of the Time of Elizabeth,
Dr. Dwight in 1800, and Dr. created Baron Brooke of Beau-
Holmes in 1824. champ's Court, County of War-

•'5'' William Fines was created wick, 9th January, 1620.

5] with the Indians in New-England, 37

Part of the Country by the Nipnets (a general
Name for all inland Indians betwixt Majfachiifets
and ConneBicut River.) 57 The Sea-coaft South-
weft from Plwiouth, was firft poft'elTed by fome
difcontented with the Government of the Majfa-
chiifetts Colony, from which fome being exiled,
others of their Friends accompanying of them,
fettled themfelves upon a fair Ifland to the South-
weft of Cape Cod, now called Road-IJland,^^ others
fetled upon the Mayn, at a Place called Provi-
dence, and fo by Degrees planting towards Nar-
haganfet Bay, made another Plantation, called
Warwick;''^ which Places are fince by Patent
conferred upon the Inhabitants of Road Ifland ;
the reft of the Country from Pequod River^° to
the River of ConneBicut, falling within the Bounds

57 Very little can be added to the
Defcription of Pofitions occupied by
thofe Indians. Indians themfelves
were neither Surveyors nor Geogra-
phers, though as Roger Williams af-
firms, they may have been particular
as to Meets and Bounds of certain
Localities, under fome Kind of Im-
provement.

•J Called by the Indians, Aqued-
neck. Or, according to Mr. Arnold,
that is the Spehing employed in the
Deed of Purchafe of the Indians.
Capt. Adrian Blok, a Dutch Navi-
gator, difcovered the Ifland in 1614;
and it being in Autumn, the Leaves
of the Trees and Shrubs had, as in
thefe Days, afflimed a reddifh Hue.
Hence der Rood Eylandt — the Red

Ifland. See Moulton's Hijl. New
York, in Arnold's Rhode IJland, \,
70.

^" So called in Honor of the Earl
of Warwick, whofe Family name
was Rich. Robert, the firft Earl,
was created in 161 8. The fecond
Earl of the fame Name died 1658.

^f' Every American fhould de-
mand the Reftoration of the Indian
Name of this River. Whoever has
pafled over London, Black-friars or
Waterloo Bridges in Midfummer,
or failed up and down the noifome
Thames of England at any Time,
muft be Angularly wanting in his
Senjes if he would defire to faften
the Name of that River upon one of
our beautiful New England Streams.

38 A Nar7'ative of the Troubles [5

of ConneBiciit Colony by Patent alfo, lince con-
firmed to the iaid Colony. Things had been
very profperoufly and fuccelsfully carried on in all
the aforelaid Colonies and Jurifdidlions, from the
Year 1620, to the Year 1636, at which Time the
Narhaganfet Indians, the moll Warlike and Fierce
of all the hidians in that Part of the Country,
who had made all the Reft of the Indians to ftand
in Awe, having committed many barbarous Out-
rages upon their neighbour Indians, both Narha-
ganfets^' on the Eaft-fide, and Mohegins on the
Weft fide of them : and alfo upon the Englijh and
Dutch, as they came occafionally to trafiick with
them : and in the Year 1634, having barbaroufly
murthered Capt. Stone and Capt. Nortofi,^- as they
were trading with them. Afterwards one Old-
ha?n^^ coming amongfi: them upon the like Ac-
count. In like Manner, having committed
feveral Outrages upon the Planters about ConneBi-
ciit River, the Inhabitants of all the Colonies,
unanimoufly fetting upon them in the Beginning
of the Year 1637, they were eafily fupprefi'ed ;
about 700 of them defi:royed, the Refi: either fled
to the Mohawks, by whom they were all cut off
that efcaped, or elfe flieltering themfelves under
the Narhaga7ijets and Mohegins their Neighbours,

''I Undoubtedly a Slip of the Pen. known rcfpcfting Stone and Norton
It fliould read fViivipanoags. and their Misfortunes

•'■■' Of John Oldham and his Mur-

6- In Mather's Relatmi, and the der by the Indians at Block Ifland,
Notes and References there given, fpecial Notice is taken in the Hifi.
will be found all that is at prefent and Jntiqs. of Bojlon.

6] with the India7ts of New-En gla?id, 39

they were by the Power of the E?2gliJJj all fub-
je6ted to one of thofe two Nations of hidians.^^
Mianto?ji?7ioh the chief Sachem or Lord of the
Narhagansets, expeding to be fole Lord and Ruler
over all the Indians, after the Peqnods were fub-
dued, began to quarrel with the Mohegins upon
the Account of Sovereignty, notwithftanding a
firm Agreement was made betwixt tjje E?igliJJj
and the faid Narhaganfets in the Year 1637, when
they had helped to dellroy the Peqiwds ;^5 and alfo
notwithftanding the tripartite League between
the faid Narhaganfets, the Mohegins and the Eng-
liJJj at Hartford (the chief Town of ConneBi- [6]
cut Colony) made in the Year 1638, wherein
the faid Indians were folemnly engaged not to
quarrel either with the Mohegins or any other In-
dians, until they had firft aiked the Advice of the
EngliJJj, to whole Determination they had likewife
obliged themfelves to ftand in all following Dif-
ferences among them. Yet the Ambitious Nar-
haganfets fpecially their chief Leader Miantonimoh,
bore fuch an inveterate hatred againft the Mohe-
gins, that they were every Year picking Quarrels
with them. The Mohegins on the other Side
though not fo numerous, yet a more warlike

'^■' This is a very brief Summary hegans. Impartial Hiftory lias en-

of the Pequot War. Its Hiftory tirely and fully decreed that the

will be fully given afterwards. Narraganfets were the aggrieved

and wronged Party. See Mather's

•^'^ The Author was not well in- Relation, Gov Hopkins in Mnjf.

formed refpefting the Difficulties Hift Colls., Arnold's Rhode IJland,

between the Narraganfets and Mo- and The Book of the Indians.

4-0 A Narrative of the Troubles [6

People and more politick, always made their
Recourfe to the Englifli, complaining of the In-
folencies of the Narhaganfets, contrary to this
League, fo as they would hardly be kept from
making open War againft them, when they faw
all other Attempts to kill and deftroy Vncas the
Mohegin Sachem, by Treachery, Poifon and Sor-
cery, prove ineffedtual.^^ Infomuch, that at laft
the Malice of Miantonimoh grew to that Height,
that they began to plot againil the Englifli them-
felves, for defending of V?icas. But it being dif-
covered by Vncas and fome of his Men to the
E?2gliJJj, Miantonimoh was fent for by the Majfa-
chufets Court to come to Bojlon ; when he came
there he would have denied thofe Things laid to
his Charge, but was convi6led by one of his own
Fellows ;^^ and inftead of ftanding to his Promife,

•^''The Charges and Accufations we knew him to be a very fubtle

agauTll: the Narraganfets will be Man." When he was admitted,

found at large in the Records of the " he was fct down at the lower End

CommiJJi'jnersofthe United Colonies, of the Table, over againft the Gov-

There is a no more deteftable Char- crnor ;'' but he would not at any

after in all our Indian Hiftory than Time fpeak upon Bufinefs, unlefs

that of Uncas. But Affairs were fome of his Counfellors were pre-

fo conditioned that it appeared all fent; faying, " he would have them

important to the Englifh of Con- prefent, that they might bear wit-

nedicut and Maffachufetts to efpoufe nefs with him, at his return Home,

the Caufe of that Mifcreant ; and of all his Sayings." The Governor

thus was compaffed the Ruin of one further obferves : " In all his An-

of the nobleft Indians of that or any fwers he was very deliberate, and

other Period. fliow cd good Underftanding in the

Principles of Juftice and Equity, and

'■' " When he came," fays Win- Ingenuity withal."

throp, " the Court was aflemblcd, . Winthrop, although he fided with

and before his Admiffion, wc con- his Countrymen, and has made the

fjdered how to treat with him, for moft favorable Record he could for

6] with the Indians in New-Rfigland. \ i

to deliver him to the Mohegin Sachem, whofe
Subject he was ; going homeward he cut off his
Head, to prevent his telHng more Tales. And
with great Difcontent as he was going Home,
faid he would come no more at BoJio?2 ; wherein
he proved a truer Prophet than he himfelf be-
lieved when he uttered the Words : for in the
End of the fame Year 1643,^^ making War upon
Vncas^ he was taken Prifoner by him, and foon
after by the Advice of the Commiffioners of the
four Colonies (at that Time united firmly into a
League offenlive and defenfive, on which Account
they were after that Time called the United

them and againft the great Chief,
by no Means warrants the State-
ments in the Narrative. But Win-
throp's Journal was not then pro-
bably ufed by the Author. In
that Winthrop confcfles that when
Miantonimo was arraigned before
the Court, none of his Accufers ap-
peared, and he was told by that
Court that it did not know who his
Accufers were ! He then demanded
why he was fummoned to Bofton,
fo much to his Detriment ? fhowing
that their Grounds for fo doing
refted wholly on the falfe Reports
inltigated by Uncas. " Where is
Uncas ?" he demanded. " Why is
my x^ccufer not here ? I am ready
to prove his Treachery to his Face.
I am not afraid to fee the Faces of
the Englifh, though I was told that
if I came to Bofton I would be put
to Death. I fear nothing, for I
have not wronged the Englifli."

K

The IVIaffachufetts Men were fatis-
fied, and advifed thofe of Connedi-
cut not to make War on the Narra-
ganfets. But their Ruin was pre-
determined. What it was not ad-
vifable to do direftly, was eventually
accomplifhed indireftly. The Mo-
hegans had the Sympathy and Aid
of the Connefticut Men, the Narra-
ganfets were overthrown, and falfe
Hiftory was written to cover the
Iniquities of bad Men.

<j? «' There was this Year a very
ftrange Difeafe among the Indians.
They ran up and down as if Deli-
rious, till they could run no longer.
They would make their Faces as
black as a Coal, and fnatch up any
Weapon as though they would do
Mifchief with it, and fpeak great
fvvclling Words, but they did no
Harm." Mayhew's India?i Con-
verts, Page 3.

4-2 A Narrative of the Troubles [7

Colonies oi New-E7igla?id, though lince that Time
they are reduced but to three Colonies ; that of
New-Haven and ConneBiciit^ by the lafi: Patent
being conjoined in one) : his Head was cut off
by Vncas, it being juftly feared that there would
never be any firm Peace, either betwixt the Eng-
lifi and Narhaganfets^ or betwixt the Narhagan-
fets and the Mohegins^ while Montonimoh was left
alive ; however the Narhaga?ifets have ever fince
that Time born an implacable Malice againft
Fncas and all the Mohegins, and for their Sakes
fecretly againft the Englijh, fo far as they durft
difcover it. ^9

In the Year 1645, and 1646, they grew fo In-
folent, that the Commiffioners of the United
Colonies were compelled to raife Forces to go
againft them : but when they perceived that the
Englip were in good [7] earneft, they began to
be afraid, and fued for Peace, and fubmitted to
pay a Tribute to fatisfie for the Charge of Pre-
paration for the War, but were always very back-
ward to make Payment, until the Englifi were
forced to demand it by new Forces ;^° fo that it
appeared they were unwillingly willing to hold
any friendly Correfpondence with the Englijh, yet

^^ The Affairs of this Time are of the Indians that they did not pay

fo fully defcribcd in the Booh of the the Wampum they had promifed

Indians, and the Records of the from Time to Time. Nor need it

United Colonies, that it is ncccffkry be argued that thefe Promifcs of

only to refer to thofe Sources. Sums of Wampum had been extort-

'*'I have fliown clfcwhcre that it cd at the Point of the Sword. See

was owing to the extreme Poverty Btok of the Indians, 135.

7] with the Indians in New-England. ^3

durft they never make any open Attempt upon
them, until the prefent Rebellion, wherein that
they had no fmall Hand, is too evident, notv^ith-
ftanding all their pretences to the contrary, as
will appear in the Sequel of this Hiftory.

Thus it is apparent upon what Terms the Eng-
lijld ftood with the Narhagaiifets ever fince the
cutting off Miantomnoh, their chief Sachems
Head by Uncas^ it being done from the Advice
and Counfel of the Engliflo, Anno 1643.7' As
for the Reft of the Indians ever fince the fup-
preffing the Pequods in the Year 1637, until the
Year 1675, there was always in Appearance

"' This is in Accordance with
the cold-blooded Records of the
Time. The Englifir had not, nor
did they claim Jurifdidion over
thofe Indians then at War, and
could not rightfully interfere in
their Quarrel. The Battle which
decided the Fate of Miantonimo
was fought in the End of the Sum-
mer, 1643. The precife Day and
Month does not appear. Being
taken Prifoner, Miantonimo was
condufted to Hartford by Uncas,
and there held until the Englifh
fhould dircdl how he fhould be
difpofed of. The Meeting of the
Commilfioners of the United Col-
onies being near at Hand, the
Matter was deferred to that Body.
It met at Bofton on the 7th of
September, 1643. Nearly the firft
Bufmefs brought forward was that
of the Difpofition of Miantonimo.
Before coming to a Decifion the
CommifTioners went over all the

xA.rray of Teftimony furniflied dur-
ing feveral Years by Uncas and
others of the moft malignant of
Miantonimo's Enemies, in which
was enumerated all the vague
Charges of Plots, Treafons, Poifons
and Sorceries. The Commiffioners
then continue : " Thefe Things being
ducly weighed and confidered, we
apparently fee that Uncas cannot
be (a^q while Myantenomo lives,
but that either by fecret Treachery
or open Force, his Life will be
ftill in Danger. Wherefore they
thinke he may juftly put fuch a
falfe and bloodthirfty Enemie to
Death ; but in his own Jurifdiccon,
not in the Englifh Plantacons ; and
advifeing that in the Manner of
his Death all Mercy and Modera-
con be fhewed, contrary to the
Praftife of the Indians, who exer-
cife Tortures and Cruelty." — Re-
cords of the CoffimiJJioners, U. Col.
i, 1 1- 1 2, 15.

4-4- A Narrative of the Troubles [7

Amity and good Correfpondence on all Sides,
fcarce an Englifliman was ever known to be
allaulted or hurt by any of them, until after the
Year 1671, when the Son of one Matfoonas^ who
as was fuppofed, being vexed in his Mind that
the Defign againft the Englijl.\ intended to begin
1 67 1, did not take place, out of meer Malice and
Spight againft them, flew an Englifli Man trav-
elling along the Road -J- the faid Matfoonas being
a Nipnet Indian, which Nipnets were under the
Command of the Sachem of Mount-hope ,'''> the
Author of all the prefent Mifchiefs. Upon a due
Enquiry into all preceding Tranfa(5tions between
the Indians and the Englijh, from their firft
fetling in thefe Coafts, there will .appear no
Ground of Quarrel that any of them had againft
the Knglifld, nor any Appearance of Provocation
upon one Account or other ; for when Ply??iouth
Colony was firft planted, within three Months
after their firft Landing, March 16, 1620, MaJ-
fafoit the chief Sachem of all that Side of the
Countrey,^"^ repaired to the Englijh at Plijuoiith^

'2 1 have given all the Particulars Nipnets when the Nipnets judged

o'i \\\\% K^Ax\x\ i\\Q. Book of the In- it their Intercll to be ib com-

dians, from original Mf. Docu- manded, while, for Aught to be

menis of the Time. The Name of feen to the Contrary, they were as

the murdered Man was Zachary Independent as any other Tribe

Smith. He was murdered in what fituated as they were. Bonds of

was then Dedham, in the Month of Alliance were not much underllood

April. by Indians.

"'This will be found further

7-'5 Wampanoag Sachems were enlarged upon in the fecond

doubtlefs able to command the Volume.

8] with the Indians in New-England. 4.5

and entred into a folemn League upon fundry
Articles, printed in N. E, Memorial 1669, p.
24,75 the words are as followeth :

I. That neither he, nor any of his Jhould injure or do
hurt to any of their People J ^

1. T'hat tf any of his did any hurt to any of their sti he
fhould fend the Offender that they'^'^ might punifh him.

3. I^hat if any Thing were taken away from any of
theirs, he Jhould cauje it to he reft or ed, and they fhould do
the like to his J')

4. That if any did unjuftly war againft him, they fhould^"^
aid him ; and if any did war againft them,^^ he fhould aid
them}^ [8.]

5. That he fhould Jend to his neighbour Confederates, to
certifie them of this that they might not wrong them,^^ but
might be like wife comprijed in their Conditions of Peace.

6. That when his Men came 'to them^^ upon any occafion,
they fhould leave their Arms'^s (which were their Bows
and Arrows) behind them.

'•5 This Reference is to the V Ours. 'S Ifee.
original Edition of Morton. It

will be found at Page 54 of Davis's ''^Article 3 fhould read thus:

Edition. An Edition gotten up "If any of our Tooles were taken

according to the Lights of the away when our People were at

prefent Day, properly paged and Work, he fhould caufe them to bee

indexed is much wanted. reftored, and if ours did any Harme

to any of his, we would doe the

'•' Morton much changed the Like to them."
Articles of this Trj.ity, rendering

them exceedingly bungling, and ^^ JVe would {or they Jhould.
Davis did not think it worth his

while to point out Morton's Errors, si jj^^ &•-' ^/j. ?3 Jj^^ S4 f/j
nor has he correfted the Date

given by him. It was made and ''^■' Inftead of Jrms, read Bowes

executed on the 22d of March, and Arrowes behind them, as wee

1620-1. In the ift Article for Jkould doe our Peeces when we come

their People, read our People. to them.

46 A Narj^ative of the Troubles [8

7. Laftly, That Jo doings their Soveraign Lord King
James would efteem him as his Friend and Ally.^^

The which League the fame Sachim, Sept, 26,
1630^^ a little before his Death, coming with his
eldeft Son, afterwards called Alexander^ did re-
new with the E?igliJ]j at the Court of Flymouth^
for himfelf and his Son, and their Heirs and
Succelfors : and after that he came to Mr. Browns
that lived not far from Mount Hope^^ bringing
his two Sons Alexander and Philip with him de-
firing that there might be Love and Amity after

S' For Art. 7, read, " That doing
thus King Iames would efteeme of
him as his Friend and Ally."

^" This date is undoubtedly a
Mifprint and Ihould be 1639. See
a few Paragraphs onward. The
Error is the Same in the firft Edi-
tion It will alfo be feen Elfe-
where that Maffafoit was living
many Years after this.

■'''" How, when or by whom this
noted Point received the Name of
Mount Hope, does not appear. Dr.
Stilcs's notes, in his Edition of
Church's HiJIory that its Name is
" Motit-hcjup, a Mountain in Brif-
tol." The Editor of Yamoyden
fays, " The Indians called it Mon-
tatip or Mojit Haup ; and Aldcn,
Epitaphs, iv, 77, that, " According
to authentic Tradition, however,
Mon Top was the genuine Abori-
ginal Name of this celebrated Em-

inence." But thefe are moft likely
all Corruptions of Mount Hope.
I vifited this Mount on a beautiful
Summer's Day in 1824. From its
Summit all the important Towns in
Rhode-Ifland are vifible. It rifes
to the Height of fome 250 Feet
above the Level of the furrounding
Waters of the Bay. Not far
from the Summit, it is faid the
Wampanoag Chiefs had their
principal Refidence. Here Philip
refided in Summer, and here was
killed, as will be feen. When I
vifited the Place, a neat odagonal
Summer Houfe ftood upon the Top,
ereded by Captain James de Wolfe,
in I 80 1. This was furmounted by
a Statue of King Philip. Thefe
have been gone many Years. The
following Lines of Yamoyden
fcarcely do Mount Hope Juftice :
" With equal Swell above the Flood,
The Forcft-cinfturcd Mountain ftood ;
Its Eaftward Cliffs, a Rampart wild,
Rock above Rock fublimely piled.

8] with the India?is i7i New-England. 47

his Death, between his Sons and them, as there
had been betwixt himfelf and them in former
Times : yet it is very remarkable, that this Maf-
fafoit, called alfo Woofafnequen (how much foever
he affeded the Englifli, yet was never in the
leaft Degree any Ways well-afFeded to the Re-
ligion of the Englifli, but would in his laft
Treaty with his Neighbours at Plimouth, when
they were with him about purchafing fome Land
at Swanzy, have had them engaged never to at-
tempt to draw away any of his People from their
old Pagan Superftition, and devilifh Idolatry to
the Chriftian Religion, and did much infift upon
it till he faw the Englifli were refolved never to
make any Treaty with him more upon that Ac-
count ; which when he difcerned, he did not
further urge it : but that was a bad Omen, that
notwithftanding whatever his Humanity were to
the Englifli, as they were Strangers (for indeed
they had repayed his former Kindnefs to them, by
protecting him afterwards againft the Infolencies
of the Narhaganfets) he manifefted no fmall Dif-
placency of Spirit againft them, as they were
Chriftians : which Strain was evident more in his
Son that fucceeded him, and all his People, inaf-
much that fome difcerning Perfons of that Jurif-
didion, have feared that that Nation of Indians
would all be rooted out, as is iince come to pafs.
The like may be obferved concerning the Nar-
haganfets, who were always more civil and
courteous to the Englifh than any of the other
Indians, yet never as yet received the leaft Tincfture

4-8 A Narrative of the Troubles [9

of Chriftian Religion, but have in a Manner run
the fame Fate with the Reft of their Neighbours
of Mount Hope, there being very few of them now
left {landing. Nor is it unworthy the Relation,
what a'Perfon of Quality amongft us hath of
Late affirmed, one^9 being much converfant with
the Indians about Merimack River, being Anno
1660; [9.] invited by fome Sagamores or Sa-
chims to a great Dance (which Solemnities are
the Times they make ufe of to tell their Stories,
and convey the Knowledge of forepaft and moft
memorable Things to Pofterity.) Pajfaconaway
the great Sachim of that Part of the Countrey,
intending at that Time to make his laft Farewell
Speech to his Children and People, that were
then all gathered together, he addrelTed himfelf
to them in this manner :

/ am now going the Way of all Flejh, or ready to die,
and not likely to fee you ever met together any more : I
will now leave this Word of Counfel with you, that you
take heed how you quarrell with the Englifh for though
you may do them much mifchief, yet affuredly you will all
be dejiroyed, and rooted off the Earth if you do : for, /aid
he, I was as much an Enemy to the Englifh at their firft
coming into thefe Parts, as any one whatfoever, and did
try all Ways and Means poffible to have dejiroyed them, at
leaf to have prevented them fitting down here, but I
could in no way effeol it ; (it is to be noted that this PafT-
aconaway was the moft noted Pawaw and Sorcerer of all
the Country) therefore I advife you never to contend with

8^ The Author probably refers to Indian Apollle, very early fo called
Mr John Elliot, fince noted as the See Mather, Re/. 36.

9] with the Indians in New- England, 49

the Englifh, nor make War with them. And accordingly
his eldeji Son, Wonalancet by Name, as Joon as he per-
ceived that the Indians were up in Arms, he withdrew
himjelf into Jome remote Place, that he might not be hurt
by the Englilh, or the Enemies, or be in danger by
them.

This PafTage was thought fit to be inferted here,
it having fo near an Agreement with the former,
intimating fome fecret Awe of God upon the
Hearts of fome of the Principal amongft them,
that they durft not hurt the Englifh, though they
bear no good AfFed:ion to their Religion ;
wherein they feem not a Little to imitate Balaam,
who whatever he uttered when he was under the
awful Power of Divine Illumination, yet when
left to himfelf, was as bad an Enemy to the
Ifrael of God, as ever before.

But to return whence there hath been this
Digreflion :

After the Death of this Woofamequen or Majfa-
foit, his eldeft Son fucceeded him about twenty
Years fince, Alexander by name, who notwith-
flanding the League he had entered into with
the Englifh, together with his Father, in the
Year 1639, had neither Affections to the Eng-
lifhmens Perfons, nor yet to their Religion, but
had been plotting with the Narhaganfets to rife
againft the Englifh ; of which theGovernour and
Council of Plimouth being informed, they pre-
fently fent for him to bring him to the Court ;
the Perfon to whom that Service was committed,
L

50 A Narrative of the Troubles [lo

was a prudent and refolute Gentleman, the
prefent Governour of the laid Colony, who was
neither afraid of Danger, nor yet willing to
delay in a [lo] matter of that Moment, he
forthwith taking eight or ten flout Men with
him well armed, intended to have gone to the
faid Alexander^ s Dwelling, diftant at leaft forty
Miles from the Governour's Houfe ; but by a
good Providence, he found him whom he went
to feek at a Hunting-Houfe, within fix miles
of the Englifli Towns, when the faid Alex-
ander with about eighty9° Men were newly come
in from Hunting, and had left their Guns with-
out Doors, which Major Wmjlow with his fmall
Company wifely feized, and conveyed away, and
then went into the Wigwam, and demanded
Alexander to go along with him before the Gov-
ernour, at which Melfage he was much appall'd,
but being told by the undaunted MelTenger, that
if he ftir'd or refufed to go, he was a dead Man ;
he was by one of his chief Councellors, in whofe
Advice he moft confided, perfwaded to go along
to the Governours Houfe, but fuch was the Pride
and Height of his Spirit, that the very Surprizal
of him, fo raifed his Choler and Indignation, that
it put him into a Fever, which notwithfi:anding
all pofiible Means that could be ufed, feemed

"" See Letter of John Cotton of fund ry Squaws." This is unquef-

PlymoLith to Dr. I. Mather, tionably corrcd, and the " eighty "

printed in Davis's Morton, 426-7. in the Text is an Error eafily made

It is there ftatcd that " Alexander in tranfcrihing. See alfo Mather's

had with him about 8 Men and Relation, 228.

lo] with the Indians in New-England. 5 1

Mortal ; whereupon entreating thofe who held
him Prifoner, that he might have Liberty to re-
turn Home, promifing to return again if he re-
covered, and to fend his Son as Hoftage till he
could do fo ; on that Conlideration he was fairly
difmiffed, but died before he got half Way Home.
Here let it be obferved, that although Some have
taken up falfe Reports, as if the Englifh had
compelled him to go further or fafter than he
was able, and fo fell into a Fever, or as if he were
not well ufed by the Phyiician that looked to him,
while he was with the Englifli, all which are
notorioufly Falfe ;9' nor is it to be imagined that
a Perfon of fo noble a Difpofition as is that Gen-
tleman (at that Time employed to bring him)
fhould himfelf, or fuffer any elfe to be uncivil^^
to a Perfon allied to them by his own, as well as
his Fathers League, as the faid Philip alfo was ;
nor was any Thing of that Nature ever objected
to the Englifh of Plimotith'^^ by the faid Alexan-

9' Mather, in his Relation, is civil Affair. But it appears that
rather more circumftantial than fome of the Party who captured
Mr. Hubbard, but the two Ac- Alexander reported that he went
counts do not differ materially, freely, and made no Objedlion.
The Affair happened probably in This can be eafily believed, fee-
July, 1662. ing that the Arms of all his Party

had been feized by his Captors.

92 The Author's Idea of Civility

muft have been widely different ''^ The Year previous there was

from ours, and I apprehend he a War between the Mohegans and

would nothaveaccountedbeingmade Nipnets, which caufed a good deal

a Prifoner himfelf, and forced to of Anxiety, and Philip being or-

march againft his Will many Miles dered to appear at Plymouth may

and kept in Confinement, a very have had Something to do with it.

52 A Narrative of the Troubles [ i o

ders Brother, by name Philips commonly for his
ambitious and haughty Spirit nick-named King
Philip, when he came in the Year 1662, in his
own Perfon with Saiifaman his Secretary and
chief Councellor to renew the former League
that had been between his Predeceflbrs and the
EngHfli of Pltmouth ; but there was as much
Correfpondence betwixt them for the next feven
Years, as ever had been in any former Times.
What can be imagined therefore, befides the In-
ftigation of Satan, that either envied at the Prof-
perity of the Church of God here feated ; or elfe
fearing left the Power of the Lord Jefus, that had

while the Englifh might well im-
agine that their Couife with Alex-
ander gave fufficient Occafion
for Diftrull. Then Maflachufetts
claimed Jurifdiftion over the Nip-
nets or a Part of them, and Con-
nefticut defended the Mohegans.
In May, i66i, M'aflachufetts de-
manded Satisfadion of Uncas, " for
that he had offered great Violence
to theire Stibjeds at Ouabauke,
killing fome and taking others Cap-
tive." That, "If he did not
returne the Captives and ^£33
Damage, then the Maffachufets
would recover it by Force of
Armes." Major Mafon returned
an Apology or Defence of Uncas,
faying, the Indians of Oabaukutt
were none of Wofamcqucn's men,
and confequently not under the
Maflachufetts ; but that they were
Onopcquin's men, and that Ono-
pequin his deadly Enemy was born
there. Alexander, alias Wamfulta

was at Plymouth in 1661 and de-
clared that the Quabauke Indians
belonged to him, " and further faid
that hee did warr againft Vncas
this Summer on that Account."
Befides fome Documents in the
Plym. Colofiy Records, important
Fafts from original MSS. will be
feen in the Book of tke Indians up^n
this Affair.

Maffaffoit died in the Winter of
1660-1, as is inferred from the
Documents above referred to. The
Death of Alexander occurred in
the End of Summer, perhaps in
September, 1661, and Philip his
fucceffor was fummoned to Ply-
mouth in 1662, as mentioned in
the Text. He was there on the
6th of Auguft, and jnade a Treaty.
" John Sufamcn and Francis, Sa-
chem of Naufct " were with him,
and witncffed the Treaty. See
Mather's Relation, 227, and Plym,
CoL Records, iv, 256.

Ill with the Indians i7^ New-England. 5 3

overthrown his Kingdom in other Parts of the
World fhould do the Like here, and fo the
Stone taken out of the Mountain without Hands,
fhould become a great Mountain it felf, and fill
the [11] whole Earth, no Caufe of Provoca-
tion being given by the Englifli ; for once before
this, in the Year 1671, the Devil, who was a
Murderer from the Beginning, had fo filled the
Heart of this favage Mifcreant with Envy and
Malice againfi: the Englifli, that he was ready to
break out into open War againft the Inhabitants
of PUmouth, pretending fome petite Injuries done
to him in planting Land ;9+ but when the Matter
of Controverfie came to be heard before Divers
of the Majfachujets Colony : yea when he himfelf
came to Bojion,'^^ as it were referring his Cafe to
the Judgment of that Colony, nothing of that
Nature could be made to appear ; Whereupon in
way of Submiflion, he was of Neceffity by that

^^ It is a natural Confequence, plying the only true Remedy for

that any People living by the Side their Degradation, felonioufly ftruck

of another more profperous than at the Life of the Nation regardlefs

themfelves fhould become Envious of Confcquences. But while the

Incapable of equalling their Neigh- Cafe of the Indians is not a Parallel

bors, their Envy in Time becomes one in fome Refpefts, it is very

Hatred, and this be:^cts Violence fimilar in others,
and War. That was the Condi-
tion of the North and South before -''^ Our Author's Statement is in

the prefent Rebellion The South, Accordance with the popular Opin-

with its Millftone of Slavery about ion of his Time, while the Docu-

its Neck, faw the Free States rap- ments which have come down to

idly increafing in Everything that us fliow that the adlual Condition

makes a People great and refpefted, of Things was not clearly feen by

and chafing under its Inability the Writers of that Period. See

to rife with them, inftead of ap- Book of the hidians, p. 207.

54- A Narrative of the Troubles [ 1 1

evident Convidiion, forced to acknowledge that
it was the Naughtinefs of his own Heart that put
him upon that RebelHon, and nothing of any
Provocation from the EngHih ; and to a Con-
feffion of this Nature, with a folemn Renewal of
his Covenant, declaring his Defire, that this his
Covenant might teftifie to the World againfl: him,
if ever he lliould prove unfaithful to thofe of
Plimouthj or any other of the Englifh Colonies
therein ; himfelf with his chief Councellors fub-
fcribed in the Prefence of fome Meffengers fent
on purpofe to hear the Difference between Pli-
mouth and the faid Philip. "^^ But for further Sat-
isfaction of the Reader, the faid Agreement and
SubmilTion fhall be here publiflied.

Taunton^ April loth, 1671.

Whereas my Father^ my Brother^ and my felf, have
formally Jubmitted ourjehves and our People unto the Kings
Majefty of England^ and to the Colony of New Plimouth,
by folemn Covenant under our Hand; but I having of late
through my Indifcretion^ and the Naughtinefs of my Heart,
violated and broken this my Covenant with my Friends, by
taking up Arms, with evil intent againft them, and that
groundlejjly ; I being now deeply fenfible of my Unfaithful-
nefs and Folly, do defire at this ^ime folemnly to renew
my Covenant with my ancient Friends, and my Fathers
Friends above mentioned, and do defire that this may teftifie
to the World againfi: me if ever I /hall again fail in my
Faithfulnefs towards them (that I have now, and at all

^^' How much Indians had to do hecaufe they had not the Power to
with mailing Treaties, it is not refill. An unwritten Word of
difficult to judge. They acquiefced. Honor with them was fufficient.

1 2 1 with the Indians in New- England, 5 5

Times found Jo kind to me) or any other of the Englifh
Colonies ; and as a real Pledg of my true Intentions for the
Future to be Faithful and Friendly^ I do freely engage to
refign up unto the Government of New Plimouth, all my
Englifh Arms J to be kept by them for their Security , [ 1 2]
Jo long as they fhall fee Reajon. For true Performance of
the Premijes^ I have hereunto Jet my Hand^ together with
the Reft of my Council.

In Prefence of The Mark of P. Philip.

William Davis. chief Sachem of Pocanoket.

William Hudjon. The Mark o^ V. Tavojer.

Thomas Brattle. The Mark of Capt. Wijpojke.

The Mark of T. Woonkapon-
chunt. \_Woonkaponchunt.~\
The Mark of 8. Nimrod.^i

To which for the further clearing the Juftice
of the prefent War, the Refult of the Debate of
the Commiffioners of the United Colonies about
the Matter of the War fhall be here inferted.

At a Meeting of the Commiffioners of the
United Colonies held in Bojion^

September <^th^ 1675.
We having received from the Commiffioners f?/" Plimouth
a Narrative fhewing the Rije and Jeveral Steps of that
Colony^ as to the prefent War with the Indians^ which
had its Beginning there, and its Progrejs into the Majfa-
chufetts, hy their Injolencies and Outrages, murthering
many Perfons, and burning their Houfes injundry Planta-

^"^ From this Treaty to the next, Hubbard does not touch upon thofe

which was held at Plymouth in Troubles. Mother, m\\\s Relation,

September following (1671) there has Tome Account of them. See

was continued Excitement. Mr. Plymouth Colony Records.

56 A Narrative of the Troubles [13

tions in both Colonies. And having only confidered the
Jame^ do declare^ that the /aid War doth appear to be both
Jujl and Necejfary, and its fir fi Rife only a defenfive War,
And therefore we do agree and conclude^ that it ought to
be jointly profecuted by all the united Colonies^ and the
Charges thereof to be born and paidy as is agreed in the
Articles of Confederation.

Thomas Danforth,

John Winthrop. William Stoughton.

James Richards. Jofiah Winflow.

Thomas Hinckley.
Yet whatever his Submiffion was before, or
his fubjedting himfelf and his People to our
King, or his Engagement to pay a Sum of
Money in Part of the Charges then occafioned
by him (nor have the Englilh in or about P//-
mouth, fince, or before that Time been any Ways
injurious unto him, or any of his People) all
which are fully declared in a Narrative9^ given by
the Commiffioners of the Colony of PUmouth,
wherein they alfo lignifie that the Settlement
and Iffiie of the former Controver[i3]fie be-
tween Philip and them, was obtained and made
(principally) by the Mediation, and interpofed
Advice and Counfel of the other two confederate
Colonies, and alfo in a Letter under the Gover-
nours Hand in thefe Words : —

/ think I can clearly fay, that before thefe prefent
Troubles broke out, the Englijh did not pofjefs one Foot of
Land in this Colony but what was fairly obtained by

9" That Narrative is of great Mather's Brief Hijiory, p. 217-
Intcrert, and may be read in 222.

13] with the India2ts in New-England, ^j

honeji Purchafe of^ the Indian Proprietors : Nay^ becaufe
Jome of our People are of a covetous Difpofttion^ and the
Indians are in Streights eafily prevailed with to part with
their Lands, we firfl made a Law^^ that none fhould pur-
chafe or receive cf Gift any Land of the Indians without
the Knowledge and Allowance of our Courts and Penalty
of a Fine, five Pound per Acre for all that fhould be bought
as obtained. And lefi: yet they fhould be fireightned
we ordered that Mount-Hope, Pocaflet and Jeveral
other Necks of the befi Land in the Colony (becaufe
moji Juitable and .convenient for them), fJiould never be
bought out of their Hands, or elfe they would have
fold them long fince. And our Neighbors of Rehoboth,
and Swanzy, athough they bought their Lands fairly of
this Philip and his Father and Brother, yet becaufe of
their Vicinity, that they ?night not trefpajs upon the In-
dians, did at their own Coft Jet up a very Jubjlantial
Fence quite crojs that great Neck between the Engli/h and
the Indians, and payed due Damage if at any Time any
unruly Horfe or other Beafts brake in and trefpajfed.
And for divers Tears laft pafi (that all Occafions of Of-
fence in that refpe£f might be prevented) ; the Englifh
agreed with Philip and his, for a certain Sum, yearly, to
maintain the Jaid Fence, and Je cure themf elves. And if at
any Time they have brought Complaints before us, they have
had Juftice impartial and Jpeedyly , Jo that our own People
have frequently complained, that we erred on the other
Hand in /hewing them overmuch Favour.

Marfhfield, May i. Jos. Winflow.99

1676.

Yet did this treacherous and perfidious Caitiff

"'^ Son of Governor Edward of the Winflows, See Mifs E.

Winflow, and "the firft native- T\\.oma.ih Memorials of Mar fkf eld,

born Governor of the Old Col- 17, &c. See alfo a Pedigree in the A'',

ony." For an intcrefting Account Eng. Hifi. andGeti. Regr., iv, 297.

M

58 A Narrativeof the Troubles [14.

ftill harbour the fame or more mifchievous
Thoughts againft the Enghfli than ever before,
and hath been fince that Time plotting with all
the Indians round ^out to make a general In-
furred:ion againft the Englifli in all the Colonies ;
which, as fome Prifoners lately brought in have
confelfed, lliould have been put in Execution at
once, by all the Indians rifing as one Man, againft
all thofe Plantations of Englifli which were next
them. The Narhaganfets having promifed, as was
confelfed, to rife with four thoufand fighting Men
in the Spring of this prefent Year 1676.'°° But
by the Occalion hereafter to be mentioned about
Saiifaman, Philip was neceffitated for [14.]
the Safety of his own Life to begin his Rebellion
the Year before, when the Defign was not fully
ripe. Yet fome are ready to think, that if his
own Life had not now been in Jeopardy by the
Guilt of the forefaid Murther of Saufaman, his
Heart might have failed him, when it fhould
have come to be put in Execution, as it did be-
fore in the Year 1671, which made one of his
Captains, of far better Courage and Refolution
than himfelf, when he faw his cowardly Temper
and Difpofition, fling down his Arms, calling
him a white-liver d Cur, or to that Purpofe, and
faying. That he would never own him again, or

I'l" The Numbers of the Indians 1675, fays, Philip " muftercd up
were, doubtlefs, confidcrably over about 500, and had gotten about
eftimated ; though at the Beginning eight or nine hundred of his ncigh-
of the War the Narraganfets were bouring Indians," all armed corn-
more numerous than any of the plctc. — Old Indian Chronicle, p. 8.
Tribes. One, writing in Bofton in Book of the Indiiim, 207.

14] with the Indians in New-England. 59

fight under him, and from that Time hath
turned to the Enghfh, and hath continued to
this Day a faithful and refolute Soldier in this
Quarrel. '°'

That the Indians had a Confpiracy amongft
themfelves to rife againft the Englifh, is con-
firmed by fome of the India?is about Hadly,^°^ al-
though the plot was not come to Maturity when
Philip began, the fpecial Providence of God
therein over-ruling the Contrivers : For when
the Beginning of the Troubles firfi; was reported
fritm Mount Hope, many of the Indians were in a
kind of Maze, not knowing well what to do ;
fometimes ready to ftand for the Englifh, as
formerly they were wont to do, fometimes in-
clining to ftrike in with Philip (which at the
lafi; they generally did) which if it had been
forefeen, much of that mifchief might have been
prevented that fell out in feveral Places, more by

1'" Much has been faid and writ- as in the other Cafes. In all his
ten refpefting the Bravery, Mag- Treaties with th? Englifh nothing
nanimity and Sratefmanfhip of King but an abjedl acquiefcence in their
Philip. But I nowhere find any Demands is feen. How different a
authentic Records to fubflantiate Charafter is exhibited by Philip, to
thefc Statements. On the other that of Miantonimo ! The Great-
Hand, I find abundant Proof that nefs and Magnanimity of the latter
he was quite deftitute of fuch is amply acknowledged by his
Qualities. As to his Bravery, not worfl Enemies, while that of
an Inftance appears on Record, Philip excites nothing but our
while there is ample Teflimony to Contempt and Pity,
his Cowardice ; being always the

firfl to fly when he fancied his En- i^s Wabau, early in 1675, ^'^"
emies were near. As to his ported to Gen. Gookin, that he had
Magnanimity, no Infbance is pointed reafon to believe the Incians in-
cut. And as to his Statefmanfhip, tended to begin War as foon as the
there is quite as great a want of it Trees were leaved out.

6o A Narrative of the Troubles [14

perfidious and treacherous Dealing than any
other Ways : the Englifli never imagining that
after fo many obliging KindnelTes received from
them by the Indians, befides their many Engage-
ments and Proteftations of Friendfhip, as form-
erly, they would have been fo Ungrateful,
perfidioully Falfe and Cruel as they have fince
proved.

The Occafion of Philips fo fudden taking up
Arms the laft Year, was this : There was one
yohn Saujd?nn?2^°^ a very cunning and plaufible
Indian, well fkilled in the Englifh Language, and
bred up in the ProfefTion of Chriftian Religion,
imployed as a Schoolmafter at Natick, the Indian
Town, who upon fome Mifdemeanour fled from
his Place to Philip, by whom he was entertained
in the Room and Office of Secretary, and his
chief Councellor, whom he truffed with all his
Affairs and fecret Counfels : But afterwards,
whether upon the Sting of his own Confcience,
or by the frequent Sollicitations of Mr. Eliot, that
had known him from a Child, and inftrufted him
in the Principles of our Religion, who was often
laying before him the heinous Sin of his Apoftacy,
and returning back to his old Vomit ; he was at
lall: prevailed with to forfake Philip, and return
back to the Chriftian Indians at Natick where he
was baptifed, manifefted publick Repentance for

in.i'piic rnoft circumftanlial Ac- ReLition. The principal Fafls are
count of Saufaman by a Cotempo- collcded in the Book of the In-
rary will be found in Dr. I. Mather's diajn., \ 72, 195.

15] with the Indians in New-England, 61

all his former Offences, [15] and made a ferious
Profeffion of the Chriftian Religion : and did
apply himfelf to preach to the Indians, wherein
he was better gifted than any other of the Indian
Nation ; fo as he was obferved to conform more
to the Englifh Manners than any other Indian:
yet having Occafion to go up with fome others
of his Country men to Namajket,^°^ whether for
the Advantage of Fifhing or fome fuch Occafion,
it matters not ; being there not far from Philips
Country,^"'' he had Occafion to be much in the
Company oi Philips Indians, and oi Philip himfelf:
by which Means he difcerned by feveral Circum-
ftances that the Indians were plotting anew againfi:
us ; the which out of Fathfulnefs to the Englifh
the faid Saufaman informed the Governour'°^ of;
adding alfo, that if it were known that he re-
vealed it, he knew they would prefently kill him.
There appearing fo many concurrent Teftimonies
from others, making it the more probable, that
there was certain Truth in the Information ;
fome Inquiry was made into the Bufinefs, by ex-
amining Philip himfelf, feveral of his Indians,
who although they could do nothing, yet could
not free themfelves from jufi: Sufpition ; Philip
therefore foon after contrived the faid Saufamans

i""* This Place is in the prefent "'^ It was in Philip's Country, or

Town of MiddlcboroLigh. It was the Country of the Wampanoags,

vifited in 1619 by Capt. Thomas originally.
Dermer, who wrote the Name

Num?naji^quyt. See Purchas, his I'J'' Governor Winflow, of Ply-

Pilgrimes, iv, 1778. mouih.

62 A Narrative of the Troubles [ 1 6

Death, which was ftrangely difcovered ; notwith-
ftanding it was fo cunningly effeded, for they
that murdered him, met him upon the Ice on a
great Pond,'°7 and prefently after they had
knocked him down, put him under the Ice, yet
leaving his Gun and his Hat upon the Ice, that
it might be thought he fell in accidentally through
the Ice and was drowned : but being milled by
his Friend, who finding his Hat and his Gun,
they were thereby led to the Place, where his
Body was found under the Ice : when they took
it up to bury him, fome of his Friends, fpecially
one David,^°^ obferved fome Bruifes about his
Head, which made them fufpedt he was firfl
knocked down, before he was put into the Water:
however, they buried him near about the Place
where he was found, without making any fur-
ther Inquiry at prefent : neverthelefs David his
Friend, reported thefe Things to fome Englifh at
Taunton (a Town not far from Namajket), occa-
lioned the Governour to inquire further into the
Bufinefs, wifely confidering, that as Saufaman
had told him. If it were known that he had re-
vealed any of their Plots, they would murder him
for his Pains : wherefore by fpecial Warrant the
Body of Saufafnan being digged again out of his
Grave, it was very apparent that he had been killed,

ii*' Aflawomret Pond, in Middle- net Indian, and was not of Philip's
borough. The Murder was com- War Party. He appears to have
mittcd on the 29th of January, been forced to go into their Ranks,
1674-5. ^^'^'^ others of his Tribe, foon after

the War broke out. His native

loy He was a So^konatc or Scco- Name was Chowohumma.

1 6] with the htdians in New- England. 63

and not drowned. '°9 And by a ftrange Provi-
dence an Indian"° was found, that by Accident
was ftanding unfeen upon a Hill, had feen them
murther the faid Saujamariy but durft never reveal
it for Fear of lofing his own Life likewife, until
he was called to the Court at Plimouth, or before
the Governour, where he plainly [16] confelTed
what he had {qqv\. The Murderers being appre-
hended, were convicted by his undeniable Tefti-
mony, and other remarkable Circumllances, and
fo were all put to Death, being but three in
Number ; the lafl: of them confeiTed immedi-
ately before his Death, that his Father (one of
the Councellors and fpecial Friends of Philip)
was one of the two that murdered Saufaman,
himfelf only looking on. This was done at Pli-
mouth Court, held in June 1674.'" Infomuch
that Philip apprehending the Danger his own
Head was in next, never ufed any further Means to
clear himfelf from what was like to be laid to his
Charge, either about his plotting againft the Eng-
lish, nor yet about Saiifamans Death : but by keep-
ing his Men continually about him in Arms, and
gathering what Strangers he could to join with
him, marching up and down conftantly in Arms,

10!' The Author had doubtlefs ''OHis Name was Patuckfon,

heard of the Story about the Bleed- mentioned only in this Connedion.
ing of the dead Body on its being

touched by the Murderer, but his m Two of thofe convided were

good Senfe prevented his alluding hanged on the 8th of June, and the

to it. All the Particulars are to be third " was repriued vntil a Month

feen in Mather's Relation, with fome be expired," as the manufcript Re-

Light on the Subjedl in general by cord fays. He was (hot, however.

King James. within the Month.

64 A Narrative of the Troubles [16

both all the while the Court fat, as well as after-
wards. The Englifli of Pl'wiouth hearing of all
this, yet took no further Notice, than only to
order a Militia Watch in all the adjacent Towns,
hoping that 'Philip finding himfelf not likely to
be arraigned by Order of the faid Court, the pre-
fent Cloud might blow over, as fome others of
like Nature had done before ; but in Conclufion,
the Matter proved otherwife ; for Philip finding
his Strengh daily increafing, by the flocking of
Neighbour-Indians unto him, and fending over
their Wives and Children to the Narhaganjets for
Security (as they ufe to do when they intend War
with any of their Enemies,) immediately they
began to Alarm the Englifh at Swanzy^ (the next
Town to Philips Country,) as it were daring the
Englifli to begin ; at laft their Infolencies grew
to fuch an Height, that they began not only to ufe
threatening Words to the Englilli, but alfo to kill
their Cattel and rifle their Houfes ; whereat an
Englilh-man was fo provoked, that he let fly a
Gun at an Indian, but did only wound, not kill
him ; whereupon the Indians immediately began
to kill all the Englifh they could, fo as on the
^\th of June, 1675,"" was the Alarm of War firfl:

1'- An Author in the O/^ ///^/V;;/ The Mafter told them it was the

Chronicle, writing at the Time in Sabbath Day, and their [the Eng-

Bofton, gives the following curious lifhman's] God would be very an-

earlier Fads : "About the 20th of gry if he fliould let them do it.

June laft, fevcn or eight of King They returned this Anfwer : They

Philip's Men came to Swanfcy on knew not who his God was, and

the Lord's Day, and would grind a that they would do it for all him or

Hatchet at an Inhabitants Houfe. his God cither : From thence they

1 7] "with the l7uiia?2S i7t New- England. 65

founded in PHmoiifh Colony , when eight or nine of
the Englifli were llain in and about Swanzy :
They firft making a Shot at a Company of Eng-
lifh as they returned from the Affembly where
they were met in way of Humiliation that Day,
whereby they killed one and wounded others :
and then likewife at the fame Time, they flew
two Men on the High-way, fent to call a Sur-
geon, and barbaroufly the fame Day murdered
fix Men in and about a Dwelling-houfe in an-
other Part of the Town : all which Outrages
were committed fo fuddenly, that the Englifh had
no Time to make any Refiftance. For on the
14//6 of the fame Month, belides Endeavours ufed
by Mr. Brown of Swanzy, one of the Magiftrates
of Plimouth Jurifdi6tion, an amicable Letter was
fent from the Council of Plimouth to Philip, [17]
fhowing a Diflike of his Pra6tices, and adviling
him to difmifs his ftrange Indians, and not fuffer
himfelf to be abufed by falfe Reports concerning
them that intended him no Hurt : but no An-
fwer could be obtained, otherwife than threatning
of War, which it was hoped might have been pre-
vented, as heretofore it had been, when Things
feemed to look with as bad a Face as then they
did."3 However the Governour and Council of

went to another Houfe, and took tion ; — that he fhould not Work on

away foine Viftuals, but hurt no his God's Day, and that he fliould

Man. Immediately they met a Man tell no Lies." — Page 8-9.
travelling on the Road, kept him in

Cuftody a fliort I'ime, then difniill ' ^'^ At this Point the Reader fhould

him quietly, giving him this Cau- recur to the Ply?nouth Narrative,

N

66 A Narrative of the 'Troubles [17

Flwioiithy underftanding, that Philip continued in
his Refolution, and manifefted no Inclination to
Peace, they immediately fent us what Forces they
could to fecure the Towns thereabouts, and make
Reliftance as Occaiion might be : and alfo dif-
patched away MelTengers to the Majfachufets
Governour and Council, letting them know the
State of Things about Mount -hope : and deliring
their fpeedy Affiftance, upon which, Care was
immediately taken with all Expedition to fend
fuch Supplies as were delired : But in the mean
time two MelTengers were difpatched to Philip,
to try whether he could not be diverted from his
bloody Enterprize, fo as to have prevented the
Mifchief fince fallen out, hoping, that as once
before, viz. Anno 1671, by their Mediation, a
Stop was put to the like Tragedy ; io the prefent
War might by the lame Means have been now
turned afide. For in the laid Year, Philip had
firmly engaged himfelf, when he was at Bojlon,
not to quarrel with Plunoiith until he had firfh
addrefied himfelf to the Majfachufets for Advice
and Approbation : But the two Melfengers afore-
faid, finding the Men fiain in the Road, June 24,
as they were going for the Chyrurgeon, appre-
hended it not fafe to proceed any further, con-
fidering alfo, that a Peace now could not honour-
ably be concluded after fuch barbarous Outrages

drawn up by Jofiah Window and See Plymouth Colony Records, x,
Thomas Hinckley. Our Autlior 362-5. Mather's Relat'mi, 217-
has too much abridged the Fadts. 222.

1 8] with the I vidians in New-Rngland. 67

committed upon fome of the neighbour Colony :
Wherefore returning with all Speed to Bofton^ the
Majjachujets Forces were difpatched away with
all imaginable Hafte, as the Exigent of the Mat-
ter did require, fome of them being then upon,
or ready for their March, the reft were ordered to
follow after, as they could be raifed. The fend-
ing forth of which, becaufe it was the lirft En-
gagement in any warlike Preparations againft the
Indians (hall be more particularly declared. ""^

On the 26/Z' of 'June a Foot Company under
Capt. Daniel Henchman, with a Troop under Capt.
Tho?jias Prentice, were fent out of Bojion towards
Mount Hope ; it being late in the Afternoon be-
fore they began to March, the central Eclipfe of
the Moon in Capric. hapned in the evening before
they came up to Naponfet River, about twenty
Miles from Bojion, which occafioned them to
make an Halt, for a little Repaft, till the Moon
recovered her Light again. Some melancholy
Fancies would not be perfwaded, but that the
Eclipfe falling out at that Inftant of Time [18]
was ominous, conceiving alfo that in the Centre
of the Moon they difcerned an unufual black
Spot, not a little refembling the Scalp of an I?i-
dian : As fome others not long before, imagined
they faw the Form of an Indian Bow, accounting
that likewife ominous (although the Mifchief

I'^The Author fcems to have Reference, however, to the prefent
forgotten the Pcquot and Narragan- War with Philip. See the Book of
fet Expeditions. He may have had the Indians, 134.

68 A Narrative of the Tj^oiibhs [i8

following was done by Guns, not by Bows) both
the one and the other, might rather have thought
of what Marcus CraJJiis, the Roman General, going
forth with an Army againft the Farthians^ once
wifely replied to a private Souldier, that would
have dilfwaded him from marching at that Time,
becaufe of an Eclipfe of the Moon in Capricorn,
[That he was more afraid of Sagitariiis than of
Capricornus) meaning the Arrows of the Parthi-
ans (accounted very good Archers) from whom,
as Things then fell out, was his greateft Danger."^
But after the Moon had waded through the dark
Shadow of the Earth, and borrowed her Light
again, by the Help thereof the two Companies
marched on towards Woodcoks Houfe,"^ thirty
Miles from Borton, where they arrived next
Morning ; and there retarded their Motion till
the Afternoon, in Hope of being overtaken by a
Company of Voluntiers ; under the Command of
Captain Samuel Mofely, which accordingly came
to pafs ; fo as on June 28 they all arrived at
Swanzy, when by the Advice of Captain Cud^
worth^''' the Commander in Chief of Flimouth

"■^ " Souldiers marched out of "''It was then, or foon after,

Bofton towards Mount-hope, June converted into a Garrifon, and con-

26th, and continued marching that tinued to be a noted Place for one

Night, when there hapned a great hundred and ihirty-thrce Years ; at

Eclipfe of the Moon, which was the End of which Period (1808) it

totally darkned above an Hour.'' was taken down and a more com-

I. Mather, Brief Hijlory, 55-6. modious Edifice was eredcd on the

How the Author could let this Oc- Spot. It is in the Town of Attle-

cafion flip for indulging in Remarks borough,
upon fupernatural Occurrences, it is

not cafy to imagine. "'He was now General (though

1 8] with the Indians in New-England. 69

Forces, they were removed to the Head Quarters ;
which for that Time were appointed at Mr. Miles
his Houfe, the Minifter of Swanzy,^'^'^ within a
Quarter of a Mile of the Bridge leading into
Philips Lands. They arriving there fome little
Time before Night,"9 twelve of the Troopers,
unwilling to lofe Time, palTed over the Bridg,
for Difcovery into the Enemies Territories, where
they found the rude Welcome of eight or ten
Indians firing upon them out of the Buflies, kill-
ing one Williatn Hammond, wounding Corporal
Belcher,^^-° his Horfe alfo being fhot down under
him ; the Reft of the faid Troopers having dif-
charged upon thofe Indians that ran away after
their firft fliot, carried off their two dead and
wounded Companions, and fo retired to the main
Gaurd for that Night, pitching in a Barricado
about Mr. Miles his Houfe. The Enemy thought
to have braved it out by a bold Affault or two at
the firft ; but their Hearts foon began to fail them
when they perceived the Majfachufets and Fli-

not adlually commiffioned till fome from Wales ; was one of the Ejefled

Months later); having been ap- in 1662. Owing to the fedtarian

pointed Commander-in-Chief of the Troubles in Bofton he was forced

Plymouth Forces. I found in the to leave fome Time before this War,

State Paper Office, London, an ex- and fettled in Swanzey — fo named,

ceedingly interefting Letter written I fuppofe, for Szvanjea in Wales,

by this Gentleman, a Copy of which whence Mr. Miles came.
is in the New Engla?id Hiflorical
and Genealogical Regi(}er,y!\\!, loi- ^'^June 28th.

4, prefaced by the Editor with a '-" Andrew, Father of Gov. Jona-

good Notice of the Author. than Belcher, it is fuppofed. What

William Hammond this was is yet

11^ Mr. John Miles. He came uncertain.

JO A Narrative of the Ti'otibles [19

mouth Forces both engaged againft them : for the
next Morning'-' they fliouted twice or thrice, at
Haifa Miles Diftance, and nine or ten of them
ihewing themfelves on this Side the Bridg : our
Horfeman with the whole Body of the Privateers
under Captain MoJely,'-~ not at all daunted by
fuch kind of Alarms, nor willing fo to lofe the
Bridg, ran violently down upon them over the
faid Bridg, purfuing them a Mile and a Quarter
on the other Side: Enfign [19] *S^i;^^£','^3 that
young martial Spark, fcarce twenty Years of Age,
had at that Time one Bullet lodged in his Thigh,
another fliot through the Brim of his Hat, by ten
or twelve of the Enemy difcharging upon him
together, while he boldly held up his Colours in
the Front of his Company : but the weather not
fuffering any further Ad:ion at that Time, thofe
that were thus far advanced, were compelled to
retreat back to the main Gaurd, having firft made
a Shot upon the Indians as they ran away into a
Swamp near by, whereby they killed live or fix of
them, as was underftood foon after at Narhagan-
Jet : This refolute Charge of the Englifli-Forces
upon the Enemy made them quit their Place on
Mount- hope that very Night, where Philip was

1-' June 29th. Benjamin Church '-"-'Some Elucidation of Mofely's

was prcfent in thefe early Affairs, Company will be found in the Old

and his Account of them, as related Indian Chronicle, q, lo, and llif-

to his Son Thomas, and publifhed tory nnd Antiquities of B oft on, 402.

by him, fhould be read in this Con- i-'' Perez, Son of Maj. Thomas

neftion. The Work will be often Savage. He was not wounded by

referred to, under the Title of En- the Indians, but by the Englifh

tertaining Hiftory. Sec Preface. themfelves, in their Confufion.

19] "with the htdians in New-Rn gland. 7 1

never feen after, till the next Year, when he was
by a divine Mandate fent back, there to receive
the Reward of his Wickednefs where he firft be-
gan his Mifchief. The next Day Major Savage
(that was to command in chief over the Majfa-
chufets Forces, being come up with other Supplies
about fix a Clock over Night,) the whole Body
intended to march into Mount Hope^ and there
beat up the Enemies Quarters, or give him Battel,
if he durft abide it : but the Weather being
doubtful, our Forces did not march till near Noon,
about which Time they fet out, with a Troop of
Horfe in each Wing, to prevent the Danger of the
Enemies Ambufcadoes; after they had marched
about a Mile and Half, they palTed by fome Houfes
newly burned : not far off one of them they found
a Bible newly torn, and the Leaves fcattered about
by the Enemy in Hatred of our Religion therein
revealed ; two or three Miles further they came
up with fome Heads, Scalps, and Hands cut off
from the Bodies of fome of the Englifh, and ftuck
upon Poles near the Highway, in that barbarous
and inhuman Manner bidding us Defiance ;'^^ the
Commander in Chief giving Order that thofe
Monuments of the Enemies Cruelty fhould be
taken down, and buried : the whole Body of the

1-24 " They marched until they the Head of Mattapoifet Neck, and

came to the Narrow of the Neck, fet upon Poles." — Church, 12-13.

at a place called Keckamuit, 1 now Thefe People were killed on the

in the Town of Warren, R.I.'] 24th of June, See I. Mather, .Sr/V/"

where they took down the Heads of Hijiory, 54. Their Names have

eight Englifhmen that were killed at not come to my Knowledge.

72 A Narj^ative of theiyoiibles [20

Forces ftill marched on, two Miles further,
where they found divers Wigwams of the Enemy,
amongft which were many Things fcattered
up and down, arguing the hafty FHght of the
Owners ; Half a Mile further, as. they palled
through many Fields of ftately Corn, they found
Philips own Wigwam ; every Place giving them
to perceive the Enemies hafty Departure from
thence. After they had marched two Miles further
they came to the Sea-lide, yet in all this Time
meeting with no Indians, nor any Sign of them,
unlefs of their Flight to fome other Places. The
Seafon like to prove very tempeftuous, and rainy.
Captain Cudworth with fome of the Men of Fli-
mouth palled over to Road-IJland. The Forces
under Major Savage were forced to abide all night
in the open Field, without any Shelter, notwith-
ftanding the Abundance of Rain that [20] fell ;
and in the Morning defpairing to meet with any
Enemy on Mount-Hope, they retreated back to
their Quarters at Swanzy, in the Way meeting
with many Indian Dogs that feemed to have loft
their Mafters. That Night Captain Prentice his
Troop for conveniency of Quarters, as alfo for
Difcovery was difmilfed to lodg at Seaconke or
Rehob^th, a Town within ftx Miles of Swatizy.
As they returned back in the Morning, Captain
Prentice divided his Troop, delivering one Half
to Lieutenant Oakes,^~^ and keeping the other

'■-'■'' Thomas of Cambridge, Bro- Harvard College, according to Sa-
thcr of Prcfidcnt Union Oakes, of vage, in his great Di^ionary.

2o] with the Ltdians in New-Rfigland. 73

himfelf, who as they rode along, efpyed a Com-
pany of Indians burning an Houfe ; but could
not purfue them by Reafon of feveral Fences,
that they could not go over till the Indians had
efcaped into a Swamp. Thofe with Lieutenant
Oaks had the like Difcovery, but with better
Succefs, as to the Advantage of the Ground, fo as
purfuing of them upon a Plain, they flew four or
five of them in the Chafe, whereof one was known
to be ^hebe, '-^ a Sachem of Mount-Hope, an-
other of them was a chief Councellor of Philips;
yet in this Attempt the Lieutenant loft one of
his Company, 'John Druce^^^'^ by Name, who was
mortally wounded in his Bowels, whereof he foon
after died, to the great Greif of his Companions.
-After the faid Troop came up to the Head Quar-
ters at Swanzy, they underftood from Captain
Cudworth that the Enemy were difcovered upon
Pocajfet, another Neck of Land lying over an
Arm of the Sea, more towards Cape Cod: How-
ever, it was refolved that a more narrow Search

iai3 The fame called in the Old with the mention of a Brother of

Colony Records, Peebe. His Refi- Philip, other than that of Wamfutta

dence was upon a Point of Land in (Alexander), faving in one Deed

Barrington, R. I., called Pcebe's from Philip, of Lands on both Sides

Neck. It is the ancient Sowatns of Palmer's River, in 1668. To

of Mourt's Relation. See Feffcn- that Deed " Sonconewhew, Philip's

den's WJlory of Warren, R. L, 14. Brother" is a Signer, and " PeebCy

A writer in the Chronicle fays a Counfcllor."

Brother of Philip was killed at the ^-*Hc belonged to Roxburv.

fame Time. I have met with no He was not killed outright, but lived

other Chronicler of the Time who to reach his Home, and there died

mentions the Faft; nor have I met of his Wound.

o

74 A Narrative of the Troubles [20

fliould be made after them, both upon Mount-
Hope, and upon the Ground between Swanzy
and Rehoboth to fcour the Swamps, and aiTault
them, if they could find where they were in-
trenched. Captain Henchinan^ and Captain Pren-
tice, were ordered to fearch the Swamps ; while
Captain Mofely, and Captain Page^^^ with his
Dragoons attending on Major Savage, fhould re-
turn back into Mount-Hope, that they might be
fure to leave none of the Enemy behind them,
when they fhould remove to purfue them elfe-
where. About ten a Clock next Morning, July
4th, Captain HencJjman after a long and tedious
March, came to the Head-Quarters, and informed
that he came upon a Place where the Enemy had
newly been that Night, but were efcaped out of
his Reach : But that Night before they were
determined of any other Motion, Captain Hutch-
info?i^'^ came up from Bojion with new Orders for
them to pafs into Narhaganfet, to treat with the
Sachems there, and if it might be, to prevent their
joining with Philip. Capt. CudwortJj, by this Time
was come up to the Head-Quarters, having left a
Garrifon of forty Men upon Mount-hope Neck.
The next Morning was fpent in Confultation how
to carry on the Treaty ; it was then relblved that

'-^Nicholas P<iige, as his Sur- i-'^Capr. Edward Hutchinfon,

name {lands to the Narvaganfet who within a Month fell mortally

Treaty a few Pages forward. He wounded at Wickabaug Pond, as

was a Bofton Gentleman whofe will be found narrated hereafter.

Name frequently occurs in the Hif- Additional Fafls and his Pedigree

tory of the City, as well as in the will be found in the Hijiory and

Affairs of War Antiquities of BoJlon, 406.

2 1 ] with the hidians in New-England. 7 5

they fhould go to make a Peace with a Sword in
their [21] Hands, having no fmall Ground of
Sufpicion that the faid Narhagajjfets might joyn
with the Enemy, wherefore, they thought it ne-
ceffary to carry all the Majfachufets Forces over
into the Narhaganfet Country, to fight them, if
there (hould be need ; Captain Mofely pafied over
by Water to attend Captain Hittch'mfon in his
Difpatch; the other Companies with the Troop-
ers riding round about : as they palTed, they
found the Indians in Pophams Country (next ad-
joining to Philips Borders) all fled, and their
Wigwams without any People in them.

After they came to the Narhaganfet Sachems,
three or four Days were fpent in a Treaty, after
which a Peace was concluded on fundry Articles
between the Mefi^engers of ConneBiciit Colony,
(who ordered to meet with thofe of the MafTa-
chufetts,) and the Commanders of the Forces fent
againft Philip : Hoftages were alfo given by the
faid Narhaganfets for the Performance of the
Agreement. A Copy of the faid Agreement,
and the Articles on which a Peace was concluded,
here follow. It being always underftood that
Pliffiouth Colony was included in the faid Agree-
ment, although their Forces were not then
prefent, but remained at Home near the Ene-
mies Borders, to fecure their Towns, and oppofe
Philip as there might be occafion, if he offered
to make any new Attempt in the mean Time. '3°

'■^"' Among other Articles, the tucke, urged that the Englifli fhould
Narraganfetts, by their Agent, Po- not fend any among them to preach

76 A Narrative of the Troubles [2 2

Articles^ Covenants and Agreements had, made and con-
cluded by and between Major Thomas Savage, Captain
Edward Hutchinfon, and Mr. Jofeph Dudley, in be-
half of the Government of the MafTachufetts Colony,
and Major Wait Winthrop, and Mr. Richard Smith,
on behalf of Connedicut Colony on the one party, and
Agamaug, Wompfh alias Corman, Taitfon, Tawage-
fon, Councellors and Attornies to Canonicus ; Ninigret,
Matataog, old ^een Ouaiapen, Quananfhit and Po-
napham the fix prefent Sachims of the whole Narhaganfet
Country on the other Party, refer ing to fever al Differences
and Trouhles lately rifen between them ; and for a final
Conclufion of fetled Peace and Amity hetween the faid
Sachims, their Heirs and Succeffors forever, and the
Governours of the faid Maflachufetts and Connedlicut,
and their SuccefTors in the /aid Governments for
ever.

I. That all and every of the faid Sachims Jliall from
1'ime to I'ime carefully feize, and Living or Dead deliver
unto one or other of the above Jaid Governments, all and
every of Sachim Philips Subjjds whatfoever, that fhall
come [22] or be found within the Precints of any of
their Lands, and that with greatefi Diligence ^nd Faith-
fulnefs.

II. That they fhall with their utmoft Ability uje all
A6ls of Hojlility againfl the Jaid Philip and his Subje^s,
entring his Lands or any other Lands of the Englifh, to

the Gofpel, or call upon them to to fay was that the Englijh endeav-

pray to God. But the Englifh re- orcd to include fuch an Article in

fufing to concede to fuch an Article, the Treaty, but withdrew it owing

it was withdrawn, and a Peace to the Oppofition of the Narragan-

concluded." — Cooking, Hijiory fctts. It is rather fingular, how-

Praying Indians. But Mr. Gookin ever, that Potock's name is not to

ftumbled in this Statement, as will the Treaty, as the obnoxious Ar-

be feen by comparing it with the tide was withdrawn. See Old

Treaty. What he prabably meant Indian Chronicle, \\\.

23] '^ith the Indians in New-England, 7 7

kill and deftroy the /aid Enemy, until a Cejfat ion from War
with the /aid Enemy be concluded by both the above /aid
Colonies.

III. That the /aid S3.ch\ms, by them/elves and their
Agents, /hall carefully Jearch out and deliver all fioln
Goods whatfoever taken by any of their Subjects from any
of the Englilh, whether formerly or lately, and fhall make
full Satisfa£iion for all Wrongs or Injuries done to the
EJiate of any of the Jeveral Colonies, according to the
Judgment of indifferent Men, in Cafe of Diffatisfa£lion
between the Offenders and the offended Parties, or deliver
the Offenders.

IV. That all Preparations for War, or A5ls of Hof-
tility againft any of the Englifh Subjects, .fliall for ever
for the future ceafe ; together with all Manner of Thefts,
Pilferings, killing of Cattel, or any Manner of Breach of
Peace whatfoever, fhall with utmofi Care be prevented,
and injiead thereof, their Strength to be ujed as a Gaurd
round about the Narhaganfet Country for the Englifh
Inhabitants Safety and Security.

V. In Token of the above f aid Sachims Reality in this
Treaty and Conclufion, and for the Security of the Jeveral
Englifh Governments and Subjects, they do freely deliver
unto the above Jaid Gentlemen, in the behalj of the above

Jaid Colonies John Wobequob, Weowthim, Pewkes,
Weenew, four of their near Kinjmen and choice Friends,
to be and remain as Hoflages'3i in Jeveral Places of the
Englifh Jurijdi^ions, at the appointment of the Honour-
able Governours, of the above Jaid Colonies, there to be
civilly treated, not as Prijoners, but otherwije at their
Honours Dijcretion, until the above Jaid Articles are fully
accomplifhed to the Satisfa5iion of the f ever al Governments,
the Departure of any of them in the mean Time to be ac-
counted Breach of the Peace, and thejeprejent Articles.

1'^' What became of thefe Hoftages does not appear.

7 8 A Narrative of the Troubles [2 3

VI. 'Thejaid Gentlemen in Behalf of the Governments
to which they do belongs do engage to every the Jaid
Sachims and their Subjects, that if they or any of them
fhall feize and bring into either the above faid Engli/h

Governments^ or to Mr. Smith, Inhabitant of Narhagan-
fet, Philip Sachim alive, he or they fo delivering, /hall re-
ceive for theirPains, forty Trucking- cloth Coats ; in Cafe
they bring his Head, they fhall have twenty like good
Coats faid them : for every living SiibjeB of faid Philips
Jo delivered^ the Deliverer fiall receive two Coats, and for
every Head one Coat^ as a Gratuity for their Service
herein, making it appear to Satisfaction^ that the Heads or
Perfons are belonging to the Enemy, and that they are of
their Seizure. [23]

VII. The faid Sachims do renew and confirm unto the
Engli/h Inhabitants or others, all former Grants, Sails,
Bargains or Conveyances of Lands, Meadows, Timber,
Grafs, Stones, or whatjoever elfe the Englifh have hereto-
fore bought or quietly pof/efed and enjoyed, to be unto them,
and their Heirs, and Affigns for ever ; as alfo all former
Articles made with the Confederate Colonies.

Laftly, The faid Councellors and Attorneys do premedi-
tately, ferioufiy, and upon good Advice, Covenant^ Conclude
and Agree all abovefaid folemny, and call God to witnefs
they are, and /hall remain true Friends to the Engli/h
Government, and perform the above Jaid Articles punctu-
ally, ufing their utmo/l Endeavours, Care and Faithful-
nejs therein : In Witnejs whereof they have fet their
Hands and Seals.

Petaquanfcot July 15^ 1675.

Signed, Sealed and Deliv- Tawagefon his Mark C.
ered in the Prefence of Taytfon his Mark D.
us Underwritten, being Agamaug his Mark T.

23] with the Ltdians in New-England. 79

carefully interpreted to Wampjh^ alias Corman his

the faid Indians before Mark X.

fealing.
Daniel Henchman.
Thomas Prentice.
Nicholas Paige.
Jojeph Stanton Interpreter.
Henry Hawlaws.
Pocot Bukow.
Job Neff.'^^

During this Treaty of Peace with the Narha-
ganfctSj Captain CudwortJo with the Forces of Pli-
inouth under his Command, found Something to
do nearer Home, though of another Nature as it
proved, fc. to make War whilft the other were
(as they thought) making Peace : in the iirft
Place therefore he difpatched Captain Fuller
(joyning Lieutenant Church together with him
in Commiffion) with fifty in his Company to
Pocajfet, on the fame Account, as the other went
to Narhaganfet, either to conclude a Peace with
them, if they would continue Friends, and give
Hoftages for the Confirmation thereof, or fight
them if they fhould declare themfelves Enemies,
and join with Philip ; himfelf intending to draw
down his Forces to Rehoboth, to be ready for a
fpeedy March to Taunton, and fo down into the
other Side of the Country ; upon the News that
fome of the Enemy were burning and fpoiling

'■''- Thefc three laft Names re- who accompanied the Commif-
prefent friendly Indians, doubtlefs, fioners as guides.

8o A Narrative of theTronhhs [24.

of Middlebiirroiigh and Dartmouth, two fmall vil-
lages lying in the Way [24] betwixt Pocajfet and
Piimoiith. Upon Thurfday, July 7/33 Captain
Fuller with Captain Church went into Pocnffet to
feek after the Enemy, or elfe as Occafion might
ferve to treat with thofe Indiaiis at Pocajfet, with
whom Mr. Church was very well acquainted, al-
ways holding good Correfpondence with them.
After they had fpent that Day and moft of the
Night, in traverling the faid Pocajfet Neck, and
Watching all Night in a Houfe which they
found there, yet could hear no Tidings of any In-
dians ; infomuch that Captain Fuller began to be
weary of his Defign : Mr. Church in the mean
while alluring him, that they fhould find Indians
before it were long : yet for greater Expedition
they divided their Company, Captain Fuller tak-
ing down towards the Sea-lide, where it feems
after fome little Skirmifliing with them, wherein
one Man only received a fmall Wound, '34 he
either faw or heard too many Indians for himfelf
and his Company to deal with, which made him
and them betake themfelves to an Houfe near the
Water-lide, from whence they were fetched off
by a Sloop before Night to Road IJland. Captain
Church (for fo may he well be ililed after this
Time) marched further into the Neck, imagining
that if there were Indians in the Neck they fliould

1"^ If they went on the 7th of hut in his ufual difrcgard of Dates.
Julv, that was Wednefday. The ''^i Church, p. 47, Edition 1827,

Affair is particularly detailed by fays two of Fuller's Men were

Church in the Entertaining Hijivry, wounded.

24] 'With the Indians in New-England. 8 1

find them about a Peaf-field not far off; as foon
as ever they came near the faid Field, he efpied
two Indiatis in the Peafe, who alfo had at the
fame Time efpied him, and prefently making
fome kind of Shout, a great Number of Indians
came about the Field, purfuing the faid Capt.
Church and his Men in great Numbers to the
Sea-fide : there being not above fifteen with
Churchy yet feven or eight Score of the Indians
purfuing after them. Now was a fit Time for
this young Captain'^s and his fmall Company to
handfel their Valour upon this great Rout of In-
dians, jul^ ready to devour them : But Victory
ftands no more in the Number of Soldiers, than
Verity in the Plurality of Voices : and although
fome of thefe fifteen had fcarce Courage enough
for themfelves, yet their Captain had enough for
himfelf, and fome to fpare for his Friends,
which he there had an Opportunity of improving
to the Full. When he faw the Hearts of any of
his Followers to fail, he would bid them be of
good Courage and fight ftoutly, and (poffibly by
fome divine Impreflion upon his heart) affured
them that not a Bullet of the Enemy fhould hurt
any of them, which one of the Company, more
difmayed than the reft, could hardly believe, till
he faw the Proof of it in his own Perfon ; for the

'35 IVJr Church was thirty-fix fcription on his Monument. See
Years of Age, according to the In- his Life in E?itertaimng HiJIory.

P

82 A Narrative of the Troubles [25

Captain perceiving the Man was not able to fight,
made him gather Rocks together for a kind of
Shelter and Barricado for the reft, that muft: either
of neceffity fight or fall by the Enemies. It
chanced as this faint hearted Soldier had a flat
Stone in his Arms, and was carrying it to the
Shelter that he was making [25] upon the Bank,
a Bullet of the Enemy was thus warded from his
Body, by which he elfe muft have periflied, which
Experience put new Life into him, fo as he fol-
lowed his Bufinefs very manfully afterwards ; in-
fomuch that they defended themfelves under a
fmall haftily made up Defence, all that Afternoon,
not one being either flain or wounded, yet it was
certainly known that they killed at leaft fifteen
of their Enemies : and at the laft, when they had
fpent all their Ammunition, and made their
Guns unferviceable by often firing, they were
fetched all off by Capt. Goldings^^^^ Sloop, and car-
ried fafe to Road-Ifland in defpight of all their
Enemies ; yea, fuch was the bold and undaunted
Courage of this Champion, Capt. Church, that he
was not willing to leave any Token behind of
their flying for want of Courage, that in the
Face of his Enemies he went back to fetch his
Hat, which he had left at a Spring, whither the

'•*' Captain Roger Gouldcn or proved himfclf to be our conftant,

Golding of Rhodc-Ifland. In Od- reall Friend in the late Warn" —

ober of the following Year, Pli- Though a prominent Inhabitant of

mouth Colony granted him one New-England his Name is not in

hundred Acres of Land at Seconet, the great Ncw-Ev gland Gen. Die-

he having, fay the Records, " ap- tionary.

24] "with the IndiaJts in New-England, 83

extream Heat of the Weather, and his Labour
in fighting had caufed him to repair for the
quenching of his Thirft an hour or two before/37
It feems in the former Part of the fame Day, five
Men coming from Road-Ifland, to look up their
Cattel upon Pocajfet Neck, were afi^aulted by the
fame Indians, and one of the five was Capt.
Churches Servant, who had his Leg broke in the
Skirmifh, the Reft hardly efcaping with their
Lives : this was the firft Time that ever any mif-
chief was done by the IridicVis upon Pocajfet Neck.
Thofe of Road-IJIand were hereby alarmed to
look to themfelves, as well as the Reft of the
Englifti of Plimouth, or the Majfachufets-Colony .

This AfTault rather heightned and increafed,
than daunted the Courage of Capt. Church ; for
not making a cowardly Flight, but a fair Retreat,
which Providence offered him by the Sloop
aforefaid, after his Ammunition was fpent, he did
not ftay long at Road-lJland, but hafted over to
the Majfachujet Forces, and borrowing three
Files of Men of Capt. Henchman with his Lieu-
tenant, Mr. Church and he returned again to
Pocajet, where they had another Skirmifh with
the Enemy, wherein fome few of them, fourteen
or fifteen were flain, which ftruck fuch a Terror
into Philip, that he betook himfelf to the Swamps
about Pocajfet, where he lay hid till the Return of

I'^'This Battle was fought in a Territory, now the fouth Part of
Peaf-field at a Place called by the Tiverton. The Author probably had
Indians, Punkateefet, a confiderable his Account from Church himfelf.

84 ^ Narrative of the Troubles [26

the Reft of the Forces from the Narhaganfets,
like a wild Boar kept at Bay by this fmall Party,
till more Hands came up.

Thus were the Flimouth Forces bulled, during
the Time of the Treaty with the Narhaganfets,
which being ilfued as it was.

On Friday July 15, Our Forces marched for,
and arrived at Rehoboth, where haveing no inteli-
gence of the Enemy nearer than a great Swamp
on PocaiTet, eighteen Miles from Taunton ;'38
they marched next day twelve Miles to a Houfe
at Matapoifet (a fmall Neck of Land in the bot-
tom [26] of Taunton Bay, in the mid Way be-
tween Mount- Hope and Pocaffit Neck) from
whence they marched for Taunton, July 17,
whither after a tedious March of twenty Miles
they came in the Evening, and found the People
generally gathered into eight Garrifon Houfes :

On Monday July 18, they marched eighteen
Miles before they could reach the Swamp where
the Enemy was lodged : as foon as ever they
came to the Place, Flimouth Forces being now
joined with them, our Soldiers refolutely entred
in amongft the Enemies, who took the Advan-
tage of the thick Underwood, to make a Shot at
them that firfl: entred, whereby five were killed
outright, {^vQVi more wounded, fome of whofe

'3~*Itwas fevcn Miles in Extent, fivcly. It may be explained by

according to our Author, but 1 preUiming that the flat Country

know of no fuch Extent offwamp lying between Plymouth and Nar-

Territory in that Region, and I raganfet, generally full of Brake and

have traveled there pretty cxten- other Fern, is to be undcrllood.

26] with the Indians in New-E7tgland. 8 5

Wounds proved mortal : After the firft Shot, the
Enemy prefently retired deeper into the Swamp,
deferting their Wigwams (about an hundred in
all) newly made of green Barks, fo as they would
not burn : in one of them they found an old Man,
who confelTed that Philip had been lately there :
having fpent fome Time in fearching the Swamp ;
and tired themfelves to no Purpofe (yet it was
faid, one Half Hour more would have at that
Time utterly fubdued Philip and all his Power),
the Commander in Chief (Night drawing on
apace) not thinking it Safe to tarry longer in fo
dangerous a Place (where every One was in as
much Danger of his Fellows as of his Foes, being
ready to fire upon every Bulh they fee move
(fuppofing Indians were there) '^9 ordered a Re-
treat to be founded, that they might have Time
to difpofe of their dead and wounded Men,
which accordingly was attended : Plimouth Forces
who had entred the Rear, retreating in the Front.
It was judged, that the Enemy being by this
Means brought into a Pound, it would be no
hard Matter to deal with them, and that it would
be Needlefs Charge to keep fo many Companies
of Soldiers together to wait upon fuch an incon-
iiderable Enemy, now almoft as good as taken :

i3!)««Our Men when in that Mather, Brief Hiftory, 62. — It is

hideous Place, if they did but fee a faid that the Indians cncafed them-

Bufh ftir, would fire prefently, felves in green Boughs, and thus

whereby it is veiily feared they did deceived their Purfuers. Their De-

fometimes unhappily flioot Englifli vice of ftalking is well known. See

Men inftcad of Indians." — I. C. Mather, in .5r/V/'/^(/?i'rj, 63.

86 A Narrative of the Troubles [26

whereupon moft of the Companies belonging to
the Mdjfachufets were drawn off, only Capt.
Henchman with an hundred Foot being left
there, together with Plimouth Forces, to attend
the Enemies Motion, being judged fufficient for
that End-'-^^Major Savage, Capt. Paige with Capt.
Mojely and their Companies, returned to Bojion :
Capt. Prentice with his Troop were ordered to-
ward Mendham, where it feems about the middle
oi yuly^^^ fome Indians, wifhing well to Philips
Defign, had made an AlTault upon fome of the
Inhabitants, as they were at their Labour in the
Field, killing five or fix of them : as foon as they
had done, flying away into the Woods, fo as they
could not eafily be purfued : The Inhabitants of
the fame Village, lying fo in the Heart of the
Enemies Country, began to be difcouraged, fo as
within a little Time after they forfook the Place,
abandoning their Houfes to the Fury of [27] the
Enemy, which by them were foon after turned
into Afhes. But to return to King Philip, who

I'^o The Army Tranfaftions thus It is faid five or fix Perfons were
far are pretty fliarply criticifed by killed, in the Attack on Mcndon,
Capt. Church, and apparently with but we have the Name of only one
Juftice. And probably his frank of them, namely Rkhdrd Pojl.
and honeft outfpokcn Manner will He lived on the Road from Men-
explain why he was not fooncr in don towards Sherburne, and a
important Commands. Portion of that Way, though long

fincc difcontinued, yet bears the

i"July 14th, according to Dr. Name of PojVs Lane. Mendon

I. Mather, who writes the Name was called Nip7nug Plantation, but

of the Town Meridam, and adds, its Indian Name was Ouinfiiepauge.

" had we mended our ways as we Sec Barber's Hifl. Colls. 584 —

fhould have done, this Mifery Other Particulars a few Pages

might have been prevented ! " forward, alfo Table No. 8.

27] with the Indians in New-England, ^j

was now lodged in the great Swamp upon Po-
caJfet-Neck, of feven Miles long : Capt. Henchman
and the Plwiouth Forces kept a diligent Eye upon
the Enemy, but were not willing to run into the
Mire and Dirt after them in a dark Swamp,
being taught by late Experience how dangerous
it is to fight in fuch difmal Woods, when their
Eyes were muffled with the Leaves, and their
Arms pinioned with the thick Boughs of the
Trees, as their Feet were continually fhackled
with the Roots fpreading every Way in thofe
boggy Woods. It is ill fighting with a wild
Beaft in his own Den. They refolved therefore
to fiarve them out of the Swamp, where they
knew full well they could not long fubfift. To
that End they began to build a Fort,''^'' as it were
to beleaguer the Enemy, and prevent his Efcape
out of the Place, where they thought they had
him fafi: enough. Philip in the mean Time was
not ignorant of what was doing without, and
was ready therein to read his own Doom, fo as if
he tarried much longer there, he knew he fhould
fall into their Hands, from whom he could ex-
ped: no Mercy. The Cafe being therefore def-
perate, he refolved with an hundred or two of
his bell: fighting Men to make an Efcape by the
Water, all Pafi"ages by the Land being fufiiciently
gaurded by the Englifh Forces. The Swamp

142 It was probably to this Cir- Nobody, while they were building

cumftance that Church alludes in a Fort for Nothing." — Ent. Hijl.

this Paflage, — "The Army now p. 7. Our Author is remarkably

lay ftill to cover the People from careful not to criticife Officials.

88 A Narrative of the Troubles [27

where they were lodged being not far from an
Arm of the Sea, coming up to Taunto?i, they
taking the Advantage of a low Tide, either
waded over one Night in the End of July, or elfe
wafted themfelves over upon fmall Rafts of Tim-
ber very early before Break of Day,''^^ by which
Means the greateft Part of the Company efcaped
away into the Woods, leading into the Nipmiick
Country, altogether unknown to the Englifli
Forces that lay encamped on the other Side of
the Swamp. About an hundred or more of the
Women and Children, which were like to be
rather Burdenfom than Serviceable, were left
behind, who foon after refigned up themfelves to
the Mercy of the Englifh. Philips Efcape thus
from Pocajfet could not long be concealed after
the Day appeared, there being much cham-
paign Land through which he was to pafs, fo as
being difcovered to fome of Rehoboth, the Inhabi-
tants prefently followed him, together with a
Party of the Mohegans'^^ (that a little before

'■'•■^ There was probably no Place Mohegans belonging to Uncas,

where the River could have been with three of his Sons, arrived in

forded below the Bridge which Barton. They were under Oncko,

ftands, or formerly ftood, at the the oldert Son, and were all armed

Head of Tide-water in Taunton, with Guns. They came by Way

Jt is very liicely, therefore, that the of Natick, and were accompanied

Indians croflcd at or not far above by two Englifhmen, and feveral of

the fince celebrated Dighton Rock, the praying Indians of that Place,

now in the Town of Berkley, on They brought a Letter to Governor

fuch rude Rafts as they could fit up Levcrctt and the Council from Mr.

from Drift-wood confined together James Fitch of Norwich, informing

by Withs, always at Hand upon them that Uncas had fcnt them to

Margins of Streams. fight for the Englini. — Gookin,

'^■i About the 26th of July, 50 Hijl. Prayi/ig Indians.

28] with the Indians of New-England. 89

came to Bofton, offering their Service againft
Philip y and were fent up into thofe Parts to be
ordered by Capt. Henchman^ but before they came
to him were eafily perfwaded to go along with
any of the Englifh that were engaged in the
Purfuit of Philip.) News alfo thereof was car-
ried to Capt. Henchma?i, who as foon as he could
get over with fix Files of Men''^^ (rowing hard
all or moft Part of the Day to get to Provi-
dence)'''•^ followed after the Enemy. [28] The
Mohegins with the Men of Rehoboth, and fome of
Providence, came upon their Reer over Night,
flew about thirty of them, took much Plunder
from them, without any confiderable Lofs to the
Englifh.''^^ Captain Henchman came not up to them
(purfuing them only by the Traft) till the
Skirmifh was over ; and having marched twenty
two Miles that Day, was not well able to go any
further that Night ; on the other Hand, the
Forces that came from Rehobothy and that be-
longed to Pli?nouth, having left their Horfes three

!•'•'' Capt. Henchman was fta- i-*^ The Force which purfued

tioned in a Garrifon on Pocaflet. Philip confifted of lome ten Men

His "fix Files" confifted of 68 from Taunton, 34 from Provi-

Men. dence, and 30 from Seakonk.

Thefe with the Mohegan and Na-

'"•^The Diftance rowed could tick Indians made up the Number

not have been much fl;iort of to 128. The Indians marched

twenty Miles. They then had to from Bofton under the Conduft of

march fome feven or eight Miles to guarter-mafter Thomas Swift. —

reach the Plymouth Forces near Hiji. Praying Itidians. See alfo Capt.

Rehoboth Plain. Thomas' Letter, Brief Hiji., 227.

Q

90 A Narrative of the Troubles [28 .

Miles off, could not go back to fetch them with-
out much lofs of Time ; and therefore looking at
it altogether bootlefs to go after them in the
Morning, returned back the next Day, leaving
Capt. Henchman with his fix Files, and the Mo-
hegins to purfue the Chafe to Nipfachet,^^^ which
he did the next Morning. Captain Henchman,
that he might the better engage the Mohegins to
march with him thirty Miles, gave them half his
Provilion, and was himfelf recruited again by the
Care of Capt. Rdmunds,^^"^ of Providence, and
Lieutenant Brown,^^° who brought Provifion after
him to the Nipmuck Forts. Mr. Newman the
Minifter of Relioboth deferved not a little Com-
mendation for exciting his Neighbors and Friends
to purfue thus far after Philip, animating of them
by his own Example and Prefence:'5' But what
the Reafon was why Philip was followed no fur-
ther, it is better to fufpend, than too critically
enquire. '5- This is now the third Time when a

'••^In the prefent Town of Bur- War began. A Gentleman of

rillville, R. I. See Parfons's Indian good Standing and Connedions. —

li antes. See Blifs's Hift. Rehoboth, 78,

ii5i The Rev. Noah Newman.

149 Captain Andrew Edmunds or M"" S. C. Newman, a Nativ>: of

Edmonds. Though he feems to Rehoboth, Antiquary and Gcneal-

have rendered important Services ogill: of Rhodc-Ifland, is a Dc-

in this War, very little is faid of fcendant, and has given a Newman

him. Even his Chriftian Name Pedigree in his Hijlorical Oration

does not appear in the Hi/lory of of i860. See p. 62-68.
Rhode- IJl and.

'■'2 There was as great a Feeling

'•'" Probably Mr. John Brown, of Difappointment and Chagrin

" who lived near Philip " when the that Philip was allowed to cfcape.

29] "with the Indians in New-England, gi

good Opportunity for fuppreffing the Rebellion
of the Indians, was put into the Hands of the
Engliih; but Time and Chance hapneth to all
Men, fo that the moft likely Means are often
fruftrated of their defired End. All humane en-
deavours fhall arrive at no other Succefs, than
the Counfel of God hath preordained, that no
Flefli might glory in their own Wifdom, but
give unto God the Praife of all their SuccefTes,
and quietly bear whatever mifcarriages he hath
ordered to befall them. It appears by the IlTue
of thefe Things, that although this Wound was
not incurable, yet much more Blood muft be
taken away before it could be healed. But by
this Means Philip efcaped away to the Weftward,
kindling the Flame of War in all the Weftern
Plantations of the Majfachiifets Colony wherever
he came ; fo that by this fatal Accident, the fire
that was in a likely Way to be extinguifhed, as
foon almoft as it began, did on the fudden break
out through the whole Jurifdi(Stion of the MaJ/a-
chnfets, both Eaftward and Weftward, endanger-
ing alfo the neighbour Colony of ConneSlicut,
which hath alfo fuffered fomewhat by the Fury
of this Flame, though not confiderable to what
the other Colonies have undergone.

While Things after this Manner proceeded in
and about the Colony of Plimouth, and Commif-
iioners of the Reft of the Colonies were con- [29]

as we have feen in our Time, when mitted to efcape after the Battle oi
the defeated Rebel Army was per- Antietam.

92 A Narrative of the Troubles [29

fulting and advifing what was to be done for pre-
venting the Mifchief threatned from fpreading
any further, fearing (as indeed there was too
much Caufe) that though Philip only appeared
to make the firft Attempt, yet more either already
were, or foon might be purfwaded to joyn with
him in adiing this bloody Tragedy.

It hath already been declared what hath been
done for fecuring of the Narhaganfets : thofe that
were fent as MelTengers on that Errand, always
reported that the elder People were in Appear-
ance, not only inclinable to Peace, but feemed
very delirous thereof, infomuch as their two old-
eft Sachems exprelTed much Joy when it was
concluded ; but as fmce hath appeared, all this
was but to gain Time, and cover their treacher-
ous Intents and Purpofes, that they might in the
next Spring fall upon the Englifli Plantations all
at once, as fome Prifoners lately brought in hath
owned and confelTed ; nor have any of thofe In-
dians with whom the prefent War hath been,
ever regarded any Agreements of Peace made
with the Englifti, further than out of NecelTity
and ilavifh Fear they were compelled thereunto,
as may be feen by the Records of the United
Colonies, from the Year 1643, to the prefent
Time, notwithftanding all their fair Pretences ;'53
for Ninigret^ the old Sachem of the Narhaganfets^

'53 This is quite an Acknowledg- Nature does not fccm to have been
ment of the Invalidity of Treaties as well undcrftood by the Authori-
with the Indians, but their fham ties as by the Hiftorian.

29] "^s^ith the Indians in New-Kn gland. 93

who alone of all the reft of that Country-Sachems
difowned the prefent War, and refufed to have
any Hand therein, yet it was proved to liis Face
before the Commiffioners, in the Year 1646 and
1647, that he had threatned that he would carry
on the War againft the Moheghjs, whatever were
the Mind of the Commiffioners, and that they
would kill the Englifh Cattel, and heap them up
as high as their Wigwams, and that an Englifh
man ihould not ftir out of his Doors to Pifs, but
they would kill him ; all which they could not
deny ; yet did this old Fox make many Promifes
of Peace, when the Dread of the Englifh, ever
ftnce the Pequod-WsiV, moved them thereunto ;
forefeeing, as he is faid to have told his Neigh-
hours, that they would all be ruined if they made
War with the Englifti, as is fince come to pafs/54
However the good Hand of God was feen in fo
ordering Things, that the Narhaganfets were for
the Prefent reftrained from breaking out into
open Hoftility againft the Englifti at that Time
when Philip began : which if they had then done,
according to the Eye of Reafon, it would have
been very difficult, if poffible, for the Englifti to
have faved any of their inland Plantations from
being utterly deftroyed. Thus hath God in his

151 Notwithftanding the Leaning with Miantonimo fek deeply the

of this PafTage is a Httle prejudicial Wrongs of his Nation, but was too

to the Charadler of Ninigret, he was poHtic to allow thofe Wrongs to be

a valuable Ally to the Colonifts. the Caufe of his own Ruin. Jn the

He was Chief of the Nianticks, a Book of the Indians will be found

Tribe of the Narraganfets, and, much concerning him.

94 A Nart^ative of the Troubles [30

Wifdom fuffered fo much of the Rage of the
Heathen to be let loofe againft his People here,
as to become a Scourge unto them, that by the
Wrath of Men, Praife might be yielded to his
holy Name, yet hath he in his abundant Good-
nefs reftrained the Remainder that it fhould not
confume.

[30] The next Thing in Order to be related,
is the Calamity that befel the Village of Brooke-
Jield, which notwithftanding all the Care that was
taken, fell into the Hands of the perfideous Nip-
net Indians, as fhall here in the next Place be
declared; only as we pafs along to remind the
Reader in a few Words, what was the Ilfue of
Captain Henchmans Purfuit of Philip : the Plimouth
Forces being returned Home, as was faid before.
Captain Henchman with his fix Files of Men, and
the Mohegin Indians, having continued in the
Purfuit of Philip till they had fpent all their Pro-
viiion, and tired themfelves, yet never coming
within Sight of Philip, the Mohegin Indians in
their Company, diredled them to Mendbam, and
then leaving them, returned alfo to their own
Country. Captain Henchman in his March to-
wards Mendham or at Mendham, met with Captain
Mojely coming up to bring him Provilion, and
advertifing him of what Succefs he had met with-
all in the Purfuit ; they altered their Courfe, for
Captain Henchman was fent down to the Govern-
our and Council to know what they fhould do :
they prefently remanded him to Pocajfet, and or-

3o] with the Indians in New-England. 95

dered him to ftay there if there were need, or
elfe to draw off, furrendering the Fort he had
been building, to Plimouth Forces^ which lafl: was
chofen by thofe of Plimouth ; when upon Captain
Henchmmi returning to BoJio?j, was ordered to dif-
band his Men. Capt. Mofely was ordered to
march to ^abaog or Brookfield, where he con-
tinued a while, the other Captains fent up for the
Relief of the People there, and to feek after the
Enemy in thofe Woods, and after fome Time
fpent in ranging the Country thereabouts, and
not meeting with any of the Infidels, he with his
Company came downwards, fearching the Woods
betwixt Lancajier (where a Man and his Wife
with two Children were flain on the Lords Day
yiug. 22.) and Malberoughy where alio a Lad keep-
ing Sheep, was (hot at by an Indian that wore a
Sign, as if he had been a Friend :'5s the Indian was
fuppofed to belong to the Hafjdnemefit hidians^ at
that Time confined to Malberough^ where they
had Liberty to dwell in a Kind of Fort. The
next Day the Inhabitants fent to demand their
Guns ; Captain Mofely acquainted therewith,

J ^5 There were eight Perfons lard in Rolandfon's 'Narrative, zo.

killed at Lancafter on the 2 2d of " Thofe fevcn that were killed at

Auguft, while our Author feems to Lancafter upon a Sabbath Day, and

have heard of but four. Their the one that was afterwards killed

Names are George Bennet, William upon a Week Day, were flain and

Flagg, Jacob Farrar, Jof^'ph Wheel mangled in a barbarous Manner, by

cr, and Mordecai McLeod, with One-eyed-John and Marlborough's

his Wife and two of their Children. Praying Indians, which Capt. Mofely

They were killed in different Parts brought to Bofton, as the Indians

of the Town. See Whitney's Hif- told me.'' Mrs, Rowlandfon, Nar-

iory of IVorceJier County, 37. Wil- rative, p 6, ed. Bofton, 1805.

96 A Narrative of the Troubles [3 1

marched to the Fort, and found much Sufpicion
againfl: eleven of them, for Singing and Dancing,
and having Bullets and Slugs, and much Powder
hid in their Bafkets ; infomuch that eleven of
them were fent down Prifoners to Bojion upon
Sufpicion that they had an Hand in Killing the
four at Lancafter, and Shooting at the Malberough
Shepherd : But upon Tryal the faid Prifoners
were all of them quitted from the Faft, and were
either releafed, or elfe were with others of that
Sort, fent for better Security, and for preventing
future Trouble in the like kind to fome of the
Illands below Bojion towards Nantajket.^^^

[31] About this Time Capt. Mofely, was fent
with a Company of Soldiers to fome Indian Plant-
ations up Merimack River, as high as Penny-cock,
but they found no Indians there ; thofe that be-
longed to the Place having withdrawn themfelves
from their native Place, that they might not
meddle in the prefent Quarrel, as is confidently
believed, that Wconalanjet the Sachim of that
Country had refolved.'57 That Coaft being clear
of the Enemies, Capt. Mofely foon after was fent

15'' A Lift of thofe Indians, from ing Indiatis. Mofely's Company

original MS. Memoranda, captured confifted of lOO Men. They burnt

and fent to Bofton by Mofely, the Wigwams and dcrtroyed the

may be fcen in the Book of the In- Provifions of Woonalanfet's Men,

dians, p. 265 Two of the moft but that Chief would not allow his

noted were Old Jethro and James- Men to attack Mofely, which they

the-Printer. might have done with Succcfs from

'■''' A Sequel of the firft Authority their Ambufhments ; and fome of

to this Expedition will be found in them requefted to be permitted to

Gen. Gookin's Hijlory of the Fray- do fo.

3[] with the Indians in New-Rngland. 97

up with his Men to the Towns Weftward about
Hadly,^^^ if it might be, to fubdue the Enemy:
who a little before and at that Time, was doing
all the Mifchief he could in thofe Weftern Plant-
ations, both by Fire and Sword.

But to return and purfue the Rebellious Indians^
and keep Pace with them in our Hiftory, though
our Forces as yet could never overtake them in
the Woods. The Governour and Council of the
Majfachujets were fenlible of as much Danger
from the Nipnet Indians, as from the former :
they being the inland Part of the Country be-
twixt the Sea-coaft and ConneBicut River Weft-
ward, and the Towns about the Maffdchiifets Bay
Eaftward ; whereupon fome Perfons that ufed to
Trade with the faid Nipnets, were fent to found
them, and find how they ftood affedled, for which
alfo there was the more Reafon, becaufe they
were always in Subjedtion to the Sachim oi Mount -
Hope, and fo were the more like to engage in the
prefent Quarrel, of which there had been fuffi-
cient Proof already : When on the 14M oi July,
fome of the Nipnet Indians next bordering on
Philips Country, fet upon fome of Mendham, (a
Town fcituate Northward from Mount Hope,
within 36 Miles from Bojion), where they killed
four or live Perfons, which was the iirft Mifchief

'5^ Mofely was at Nafhua, or as to ferve under Capt. Beers (by-
he writes it — Najhozvah — on the Order of Maj. Willard), then on
l6th of Augurt. He was then on his March for Springfield. Mofely's
his Pennacook Expedition, as at this Letter in IVIather's Brief Hiftory,
Point he detached 26 of his Men Appendix, 240, 241.

R

98 A Narrative of the Troubles [32

done upon any of the Inhabitants within the Ju-
rifdid:ion of the Majfachiifets,^'^'^ a6ted as was faid
by one Matoonas, who was Father to him that
committed a Murder foon after Philips firft Re-
bellion, An. 1671.'^° The Meifenger that was
fent thither, brought Word back, that they found
the faid Indians wavering ; the young were very
Surly and Infolent, the elder ones iliewing fome
Inclination to maintain the wonted Peace : Soon
after, yuly 28, 1675, Capt. Wheeler was fent to
affift Capt. Hiitchi?ifon, with a Party of twenty
Horfe to treat further about the Peace ; who
going firft to ^labaog or Brookfield, a Town fcitu-
ate about fixty or feventy Miles from Bojion in
the Road of Co?ineBicut, ly^^g about 25 Miles
from the faid River, and not far diftant from the
chief Seat of the Nipnet Indians ; the Inhabitants
of the faid Brookjield had been fo deluded by thofe
treacherous Villians, that they fearing no Danger,
firft obtained of thofe Nipnets the Promife of a
Treaty upon the fecond of Auguji, whereupon
fome of the Chief of the Town riding along un-
harmed [32] with the faid Wheeler and Hut chin-
Jon, with their Party of Horfe, until they came to
the Place appointed ; and finding no Indians, fo
fecure were they, that they ventured along fur-
ther to find the Infidels at their chief Town,
never fufpedling the leaft Danger, but when they
had rode four or five Miles that Way, they fell

'■^"See Ante, Note 141. ticulars of which are flilly detailed

mo "Phis has Reference to the from original Manufcripts in the
Murder of Zachary Smith, the Par Book of the Indians, 263-4.

32] with the Indians in New-Rn gland. 99

into an Ambufh of two or three hundred Indians,
laid in fuch a narrow Palfage, betwixt a fteep
Hill on the one Hand, and an hideous Swamp on
the other, that it was fcarce poffible for any of
them to efcape ; eight of them being fhot down
upon the Place (whereof three were of Brook field)
and three mortally wounded, whereof Capt. Hiitch-
infon was one. Capt. Wheeler was alfo near loling
his Life, whofe Horfe was fhot down under him,
and himfelf ihot through the Body, fo that all
Manner of Hopes to efcape had been removed
from him, had it not been for his Son, who was
(by Gods good Providence) near or next unto
him, being a Man of undaunted Courage (not-
withftanding his own Arm was broken with a
Bullet, yet) with great nimblenefs and agility
of Body difmounting himfelf, fpeedily mounted
his Father upon his own Horfe, himfelf getting
upon another, whofe Mailer was killed, by which
Means they both efcaped, and were afterwards
cured. Much ado had thofe that were left alive
to recover Brookfield, which in all Probability
they had never done, (the common Road being
waylaid with Indians on every Side, as was after-
wards known,) had it not been for one'^^ well
acquainted with thofe Woods, who led them in a
By-path, by which Means they got thither a little
before the Indians, who quickly came flocking

^1 That one was a Praying In- Gookin's Account of the unfortu-

dian, and it is prefumed that Mr. nate Expedition to guabaog, or

Hubbard could hardly have been Brookfield, and Capt. Wheeler's

ignorant of the Fadl. See Gen. Narrative

I oo A Narrative of the Troubles [3 3

into the Town, with full Intent to deftroy it with
Fire and Sword. But by Ipecial Providence the
Inhabitants were all gathered to the principal
Houle of the Village (there being fcarce twenty
in the Town) before the barbarous Mifcreants
came upon them, immediately fetting Fire upon
all the dwelling Houfes with moft of the other
Buildings in the Town, fave that one into which
the Inhabitants were retired, the which they
feveral Times attempted to burn, but were almoft
miraculoully defeated in their Purpofe by the
immediate Hand of God. In the Mount of the
Lord it pall be feen. For when they had for two
Days alfaulted that poor Handful of helplefs
People, both Night and Day pouring in Shot
upon them incelfantly with Guns, and alfo thruft-
ing Poles with Fire-brands, and Rags dip'd in
Brimftone tied to the Ends of them to lire the
Houfe ; at laft they ufed this develliih Strategem,
to fill a Cart with Hemp, Flax and other com-
buftible Matter, and fo thruft it back with Poles
together fpliced a great Length, after they had
kindled it ; But as foon as it had begun to take
Fire, a Storm of Rain unexpediedly falling, put
[33] out the Fire, or elfe all the poor People,
about feventy Souls, would either have been con-
fumed by mercilefs Flames, or elfe have fallen into
the Hands of their cruel Enemies, like Wolves
continually yelling and gaping for their Prey.'^-

''■■•^Capt. Thomas Wheeler, fo a Narration ot' it which was printed
confpicuous in this Difaftcr, wrote the fame Year of its Occurrence

33] '^ith the Indians in New-England, i o i

Thus was that diftrelled Company ftrangely
delivered, who have for ever Caufe to fay with
the Pfalmift, Blejfed be the Lord, who hath not given
us a Prey to their Teeth : our Soul is efcaped as a
Bird out of the Snare of the Fowlers ; the Snare is
broken, and we are efcaped. For the next Night
Major PFillard,'^'> by Accident hearing of the
Danger the People were in, came with forty eight
Dragoons to their Relief The Occafion which
brought Major Willard and Capt. Parker'^^ of
Groton with forty fix more fo timely to their
Relief, was this : Major Willard in purfuance of
his Commiffion from the Governour and Council,
was upon Wednefday, Auguft the \th in the
Morning, marching out after fome Indians to the
Weftward to fecure them ; juft as they were fet-
ting forth, fome of Malberough, who had inteli-
gence by thofe that were .. going to ConneBicut,
and forced to return, what diftrefs Brookfield was
in, and knowing of Major Willard s Purpofe to
go out that Morning from Lancafter, fent a Poft
to acquaint him therewith, which though it did
not find him in the Town, yet overtook him be-

(1675:, in a Quarto Pamphlet— Brookfield, was on.e of the moft

now fo rare that I know of but one gallant Achievements of the War,

Copy. It is reprinted in the ferond of which War the Major did not

Volume of the Colleftions of the live to fee the Clofe ; dving at

N. H. Hiftorical Society. The Charleftown, on the 24th of April

Account in our Narrative is an xAb- following (1676).
ftraa of it. The Autograph of "'\James Parker, an early In-

Capt, Wheeler is in the Hiftory and habitant of that Town. His Name

Antiquities of B oft on ftands firft on the Lift of its Pro-

i*''^ Major Simon Willard. The prietors. See Butler's Hiftory of

Night March for the Relief of Groton, 26, 421.

I02 A Narrative of the Troubles [33

fore he had gone above four or five Miles from
the Place, whereupon, conceiving it more need-
ful to Succour Brookfield in fo. eminent Danger,
than to proceed further upon his intended Defign ;
he altered his Courfe, and marched dire(ftly
thither, being about thirty Miles'^5 diftant when
the Tidings were brought him ; fo he arrived there
that Night very feafonably, about an Hour after
it was Dark, or elfe in Probability they had all
periihed before the Rehef fent up from Bofton
could have reached them, which was not till three
Days after. The Providence of God likewife in
bringing in the laid Major fo fafely, as well as
feafonably to their Relief, was very remarkable.
For the Indians had fubtilly contrived to cut off
all Relief fent, before it could come at them, by
laying Ambuflies, and placing their Scouts at two
or three Miles diftance round the Town : About
an hundred of them were lodged at an Houfe not
far off in the Way toward Bojloji, to cut off any
Succour that might come from thence : but it is
fuppofed they were fo intenfe upon the Projedt
they were about for firing the Houfe, concluding
it would without fail take place, that either they
did not mind their Bufinefs of watching, or
making fuch a Noife for Joy thereof, that they
did not hear their Sentinels when they fliot off

105 Dr. Cotton Mather fays the not all the Way, the aftual Diftance

Diftance was 39 Miles. As the could not be known. TheDr.copied

Way was through a denfe primeval Hubbard, very nearly. See I. Ma-

Forcft, by Indian Paths, moft, if thcr, Brief Hijlory, 70.

34] "With the Indians in New-England. 103

their Guns, at two Miles diftance.'^^ It is faid
that another Party of the Indians, let the Major
and his Company purpofely pafs by them, with-
[34] out any Oppolition, waiting for the Blow
to be given at their firft Approach near the
Houfe, then to have themfelves fallen upon their
Rear, and fo to have cut them all off, before
the Belieged underftood anything thereof. But
it pleafed God fo to order Things in Provi-
dence, that no Notice was taken of them by the
Beliegers, nor were they at all difcerned by them,
till they had made themfelves known to their
Friends, and were admitted within the Court of
Gaurd ; which when the Enemy had Notice of,
they poured in their Shot abundantly upon them,
but they were now iheltered from the Danger
thereof : only it feems their Horfes were expofed
to their Fury, fo as many of them were maimed
and killed, as were moft of the Cattel belonging
to the Inhabitants of the Place foon after. This
honored Perfon, Major Willard, continued at Brook-
Jield2ihe^v this famous Exploit, for the prefervation
of the poor Befieged at Brookfieldy divers Weeks,
to order fuch Companies as were fent up that
Way for the fecuring of the Plantations on that
Side of the Country ; and not long after he went

16J j^ere is a ftriking Inftance of niacs encompaffing them. The 94

a Loofenefs of Indian Difcipline. Men under Willard could have

Nothing but this, it would feem coped with any Number of the In-

from the Hiftorics of the Affair, dians in open Field, but were no

faved the poor People in Brookfield Match for four or five Times his

from the very Jaws of the Demo- Number in the Woods.

104- A Narrative of the Troubles [34.

himfelf alfo to Hadly upon the like Service of the
Country in the prefent War. But after fome
Time fpent in thofe Parts, he returned back to
his own Place, to order the Affairs of his own
Regiment, much needing his Prefence, and leav-
ing the Forces about Hadly under the Command
of the Major of that Regiment/^^

But to return to what was in Hand before ; after
the hidians underftood that Succours were come
in to the Befieged, they fired all that they had left
ftanding for their own Shelter while they had
befieged the Place before mentioned, ran all away
into their own Dens, in the neighbouring Woods;
however it was confelfed by one of themfelves,
that the Enemy had eighty of their Men killed
and wounded in this Bufmefs.'^^ But ere we pafs
any further in Purfuit of the Hiftory of thefe
Matters, it will not be amifs to let the Reader
underftand the horrible perfidious and treacher-
ous Dealing of thefe Nipnet Indians, who of all
other had the leaft Reafon as to any Pretence of
Injury, yet did moft deceitfully and barbaroully
joyn with Fhilip and his Indians, after they had
been feveral Times fent unto by the Governour
and Council of the Majfachufets, by the Advice
of Plmiouth, to have prevented their Rifing as well

"i" Probably- Major John Pinchoti, to halt' that Number, as they fought
of Springfield. But the Author an- behind Screens generally. Captives
ticipatcs Events. feldom gave reliable Accounts, but

rather fuch as they fuppofed would
1^-It is luirdlv to be fuppofed pleafe thofe into whofe Hands they
that their Lofs could have amounted fell.

35] w///6 the Indians in New- Rngland. 105

as the Riiing of the Narhaganfets, and alfo had
faithfully promifed not to meddle in the Quarrel,
as may more fully appear by the Engagement
under the Hands of their Sachims ; fome Time
before Capt. Hiitchinfon and Capt. Wheeler were
fent up to them which by Reafon of the Hafte
and Unfkillfulnefs of the Mellengers on that
Behalf fent, is not fo fit for public View:'^9
but the Account of it from their Return [35]
under their Hand and Oath, July 24. j^^ when
Lieut Ephraim Curtice fpake with five of the
Nipnet Sachims, '^° four too many to govern fo
fmall a People : but lying upon the Head of the
principal Indian Territories, they were divided
into fo many fmall Parties, two of whom, viz. Sam
Sachim of IVeJljacum, and Netaump,^'^^ were execut-
ed together afterward at Bofion. All of them did
at that Time folemnly renew their Covenant and
Promife under their Hands to come to Bojion to
fpeak further with the Governour, infiiead of
which, what they perfidioully did againft Capt.
Hutchinfon and others, hath already been declared.

!"•' I have not been able to fatisfy of Refidence, often to fuit the Seafon

myfelf who the " unfkillful Meffen- of the Year. There was Mawtump,

gers" referred to were. Probably of Quabaog (Brookiield) ; JJJkutu-

Ephraim Curtice may have been gun (Sagamore Sam), of Wefliacum

one of them, and Daniel Champney (Lancafter) ; Sagamore John, of

another. See Gookin's Hijiory of Pawtufket (Chelmsford') ; Old-

P raying Indians. Jethro (Tautamous), of Mufketaquid

(Concord); Maloonas, of Paka-

1'''' It would not be difficult to choog (Brookfield) ; Monaco {Oixt-

enumerate twice five Nipnet Sa- eyed John J, of Nafhua (Lancafter).
chems ; but it is more difficult to

affign to each his Sachemdom, as ''' The fame called il/tfa//?OT/i or

they generally had different Places Mawtamp, in other Accounts.

s

I o6 A Narrative of the Troubles [3 5

Upon the Report of this fad Difafter that befel
the Inhabitants of Brookjieid^ Forces were fent up
under the Command of Capt. Lothrop and
others, to purfue after thofe Indians harbouring
about thofe Places, and if it might be, to prevent
them from joyning with the Indians upon Con-
7ieBicut River, who as yet had not difcovered
themfelves as willing to efpoufe Philips Intereft,
but rather made fome Semblance to the Con-
trary. There was much Time fpent by Major
Willard, and feveral Companies of Soldiers left
under his Command, about the Nipnet Country,
but all to no Purpofe ; for partly by the Treach-
ery of fome "of the Indians that came to their
aififtance, that feemed to favour the Englilh, but
rather adied in behalf of the Enemy, partly by
the Subtilties of the Enemies themfelves, who
could ealily by their Scouts difcern the Approach
of our Soldiers, and by the Nimblenefs of their
Feet, efcape them : Our Soldiers could never
meet with any of them, but only by that Means
driving them further Welhvard, they gathered
all the Indians they could to their Party about
Peco??iptucky alias Dearjield, Swam/cot, ^^~ and Squa-
keag,^^^ where were fome Plantations of the
Englifli newly began, whom they ailaulted in
the next Place, and did what Mifchief they could
upon them.

'"- Perhaps the famous Falls in Squakheag. The Trad: was granted

the Connedicur, now called Turn before Philip's War, but did not

er's Falls. receive the Name of Northfield till

''•' Northfield. Sometimes fpelt fome Time after.

3 6] with the Indians in New-England. 1 07

It is here to be noted, that although that
worthy Patriot and experienced Soldier Major
Willard, hearing of the diftrefs of Brookfield by
Some that were travelling to ConneBicut^ was the
firft that relieved the diftrelfed People of ^abaog
or Brookfield^ yet Major Pinchon oi Spring field 2Xio
by Accident hearing of their Calamity, had not
only fent Word thereof to Hartford (from whom
he received a Supply of five and twenty or thirty
Soldiers under Capt. JVatsY^^ but did alfo fend a
Band of Men under Lieut. Cooper,^'^^ (who was
afterwards villanoufly flain by Springfield Indians,)
who with thofe fent from Hartford, and fome
Indians belonging to Springfield (feemingly for-
ward to help the Englifh) made up four Score or
thereabouts ; thefe marched down to Brookfield
the fame Day that Capt. Lothrop and Capt Beers
came up from the [36] Mafi^achufets, who hav-
ing fpent fome Time in fearching the Woods
about Springfield, and finding none of the Indians,
did the next Day march up to a Place called
Meminimifi[et^^^ hyxh.Q Indians, where Capt. Hutch-
infon and Capt. Wheeler were alfaulted, and find-
ing no Sign of any Indians amongfi- thofe Woods
*

1 'J Cape. Thomas Watts.— C^- S-e Mather, Brief Hiji , 97, 98.—

knial Records of Connedicut, ii. Other Particulars a few Pages on-

346, where his Orders from the ward.
Council of Connedlicut may be feen.

1^'' In Brookfield near Wicka-

i"-^ Lieut. Thomas Cooper be- bang Pond. A Name fpelt a great

longed to Deerfield. He was killed many different Ways, as may be

in paffing from one Garrifon to feen in a Note to Mather's Brief

another. Oft 5, following, (1675. ) Hijiory, 236.

io8 A Narrative of the Troubles [36

and Swamps, the Company that came from
Springfield left the other Soldiers (who returned
to their Quarters at BrookfieldJ and went up
themfelves further Northward, at leafl: twenty
Miles from the faid Brookfie Id ; 2ind finding no
Track of Indians in all thofe Woods, they re-
turned back to Springfield, leaving enough to
defend the People of Brookfield, and the Garrifon
there.

By this it appears, that the Indians by this oc-
cafion were driven more Weftward into the
Woods between Hadly and Squakeag, where they
foon efFedted their Defign, viz. to leaven the In-
dians on that Side the Country with the fame
Prejudice and Malice againfl: the Englifh, with
which they themfelves were (though without
Caufe) imbittered ; for in a few Days, the De-
vice took place amongil: Hadly and Dearfield In-
dians, and was prefently put in Execution by the
faid Indians, withdrawing from the Englifli,
and affifting Philip and the Nipnets, to fpoil
and delfroy all the Towns Weftward, as foon.
after came to pafs : yet at the Firft, fome of the
Hadly Indians pre4:ended real Friendfhip to the
EngliOi, and offered themfelves to fight a^ainfi:
Philip ; but the Mohegin Indians that came after-
ward from Hartford, began to fufped: the Treach-
ery of the other, and told the Englifh plainly,
that no good would be done, while any of that
Company went along with them in Purfuit of
the Enemy ; for as was faid, thev would always
give fome Shout when they came near the Ene-

37] "with the Indians in New-Eng land. 1 09

my, as if they lliould thereby wilh them to look
to themfelves ; infomuch that the faid Hadly hi-
dians fell into great Sufpicion with the Englifh,
and for a Proof of their Fidelity, they were re-
quired to bring in their Arms to the Englifh, but
upon that Motion they delayed a little, but that
very Night they fled away from their Dwellings,
which was in a wooden Fortification, v/ithin a
Mile of Hatfield, whereby they plainly difcov-
ered that they had fecretly plotted to joyn with
Philip's Party, as far as they had an Opportunity
to do them any eminent Service : Some think
the Englifh failed in Point of Prudence, not
managing that Bufinefs fo warily as they might,
which if they had done, their Defedion had been
prevented ; but it is moft probable that Philip
had hired them to own his Quarrel, by fending
them Gifts in the Spring ; and that the Body of
the faid Indians were mofh readily inclined there-
unto : But the Sachims and the elder Ones of
them, feemed loth at firfl: to engage againft the
Englifh. In conclufion, when they had fo [37]
falfly left their Dwellings, and were running after
Philip and the Nipnet Indians (at that Time har-
boured in thofe Woods) the Englifh were fo
provoked, that were under Capt. Lothrop and
Capt. Beers, that they purfued after them very
early the next Morning, and overtook them about
ten Miles above Hatfield at a Place called Sugar-
Loaf Hill, and had a fmall Skirmilh with them,
wherein there were nine or ten of the Englifh

no A Narrative of the Trout? le^ [37

(lain, and about twenty fix Indians :^''^ yet the
Reft efcaped, and fo joyned with Philip and his
Company ; prefently after which Accident, they
were lb emboldened, that upon the iirft of Sep-
tember^ about feven Days after, they fet upon
Dearjield, killed one Man'^^ and laid moft of the
Houfes in Afhes. About two or three Days
after they fell upon Squakeag, another new Plant-
ation, fifteen Miles higher up the River, above
Dearfield, where they killed nine or ten of the
People, the Reft had efcaped into the Garrifon
Houfe.^79

The next Day,'^° this Difafter not being
known, Capt. Beers, for Fear of the Worft, with
thirty lix Men, was fent up to the faid Squakeag,
with Supplieb both of Men and Provifion, to fe-

i^'This was on Augull 26th. —
" After a while, our Men, after
the Indian Manner, got behind
Trees and watcht their Opportuni-
ties to make Shots at them. The
Fight continued about three Hours.
We loft fix Men upon the Ground,
though one was fhot in the Back by
our own Men, a Seventh died of
his Wounds coming Home, and two
died the next Night, nine in all, of
nine fcveral Towns, every one loft
a Man." — Letter of the Rev. John
Ruffell of Hadley, in Mather's
Brief HiJIory, 77.

■"" James Eglerton. — Williams'
Redeemed Captive, jippendix, 152,
edit., 1800. He was killed while
looking for his Horfc. — Brief HiJ-
tory, 78

I'i* According to Mr. Ruflcll,
before cited, this Affair happened
on the 25th of Auguft, which is no
doubt corred. Mr. Hubbard was
confufed in regard to the various
Encounters. The Names of thofe
killed are Azariah Dickinfon, James
Lewis, Samuel Mafon, Richard-
Fellows, John Plummer, Mark Pit-
man, Jofcph Pearfon [Parfons]
Matthew Scales and William
Cluffe.— Ruffell in Coffin's New-
bury, 389.

1"^ Auguft 26. — Gen. Hoyt, Jn-
tiquarimi Rcjearches, 103-4, ^^^
gone over thefe Events with the
Eye of a Soldier, and added fome
Fafts refpedling Localities. He has
not been able to give Dates, always
fo important.

37] is^ith thelndia?2s in New-England. 1 1 1

cure the fmall Garrifon there ; but before they
came very near to the Town, they were fet upon
by many hundreds of the Indians out of the
Bufhes by the Swamp-fide, of whom Capt. Beers
(who was known to fight vaHantly to the very
lafl:) with about twenty of his Men,^^' were by
this fudden Surprifal there flain, the Reft flying
back to Hadly. Here the barbarous Villians
fhowed their infolent Rage and Cruelty, more
than ever before, cutting off the Heads of fome
of the Slain, and fixing them upon Poles near the
Highway ; and not only fo, but one (if no more)
was found with a Chain hooked into his under
Jaw, and fo hung up on the Bow of a Tree, ('tis
feared he was hung up alive) by which Means
they thought to daunt and difcourage any that
might come to their Relief, and alfo to terrific
thofe that fhould be Spediators with the Behold-
ing fo fad an Objed: : infomuch that Major Treat
with his Company, going up two Days after, to
fetch ofiT the Refidue of the Garrifon, were fol-
emnly aflfedied with that doleful Sight, which
made them make the more Hafte to bring down
the Garrifon, not waiting for any Opportunity
to take Revenge upon the Enemy, having but an
hundred with him, too few for fuch a Purpofe.
Capt. Appkton going up after him, met him
coming down, and would willingly have per-

'31 It will be feen, that in his in the Town of Northfield, and
Table, No. II, the Author found known as Beers's Plain, to this Day,
the exa6t Number to be 19. The and an Eminence to which he re-
Place where the Fight happened is treated, as Beers's Mountain.

112 A Narrative of the T'roiibles [3 8

fwaded them, to have turned back, to fee if they
could have made any Spoil upon the Enemy ; but
the greateft Part advifed to the Contrary, fo that
they were all forced to return with what they
could carry away, leaving the Reft for a Booty to
the Enemy, who fhall ere long pay a fad Reck-
oning for their Robberies and Cruelties, in the
[38] Time appointed ; but the fufferings of the
Englifli were not as yet come to their Height :
for after they were come to Hadly, the Com-
mander in Chief'^^ taking Counfel with the
Officers of the Soldiers, ordered them that were
then prefent to garrifon the Towns about ; fome
to be at Northampton, Hatfield, Dearfiehi, and
fome to remain at Hadly where were the Head
Quarters of the Englifh. But perceiving that
little Good was to be done upon the Enemy in
thofe Parts, it was agreed that what Corn was
left at Dearfield, being threil:ied out as well as
they could in thofe Tumults (about three thou-
fand Bufliels was fuppofed to be there ftanding
in Stacks) fliould be brought to Hadly, and
wait further Time to fight the Enemy. It
came to C. Lot hr ops Turn, or rather it was his
Choice with about eighty Men to gaurd feveral
Carts laden with Corn, and other Goods ; the
Company under Capt. Mofely then quartering at
Dearfield intended that Day to purfue after the

' '-It is not certain who is meant infer that Gen. Hoyt confidcred he
by the " Coinmander-in-Chief."' I was Major Treat.

38] with the Indians in JVe-w- England. 113

Enemy. But upon September 18, that moft fatal
Day, the Saddeft that ever befel New-England, as
the Company were marching along with the
Carts (it may be too fecurely) never apprehend-
ing Danger fo near, were fuddenly fet upon, and
almoft all cut off (not above feven or eight efcap-
ing) ; which great Defeat came to pafs by the
unadvifed Proceeding of the Captain (who was
himfelf llain in the firft AlTault) although he
wanted neither Courage nor Skill, to lead his
Souldiers : but having taken up a wrong Notion
about the bell: Way and Manner of fighting with
the Indians (which he was always wont to argue
for) viz. that it were beft to deal with the Indians
in their own Way, fc. by fkulking behind Trees,
and taking their Aim at fingle Perfons, which is
the ufual Manner of the Indians fighting one with
another ; but herein was his great Miftake, in
not confidering the great Difadvantage a fmaller
Company would have in dealing that way with a
greater Multitude ; for if five have to deal with
one, they may furround him, and every one to
take his Aim at him, while he can level at but
one of his Enemies at a time : which grofs Mif-
take of his, was the Ruine of a choice Company
of young Men, the very Flower of the County of
EJfex, all called out of the Towns belonging to
that County, none of which were afhamed to
fpeak with the Enemy in the Gate : their dear
Relations at Home mourning for them, like Ra-
chel for her Children, and would not be comforted
T

114- A Narrative of the Troubles [39

not only becaufe they were not, but becaufe they
were fo miferably loft.^^3 (The like Miftake was
conceived to be the Reafon of the Lois of the
former Perfons, flain with the faid Lothrop, pur-
fuing the Indians that ran away from Hadly, and
the twenty flain with Capt. Beers Men, who be-
took themfelves at firll: to their Trees, and at the
laft a few got to their Horfes foon after their
Captain was [39] lliot down.) For had he or-
dered his Men to march in a Body, as fome of
his Fellow-commanders advifed, either backward,
or forward, in Reafon they had not loft a Quarter
of the Number of thofe that fell that Day by the
Edg of the Sword. For the Indians^ notwith-

i^a^Laft Vear (i83 5) a fplen-
did Celebration was held at Bloody
Brook, in Commemoration of the
Event, and an Oration was pro-
nounced by our Prince of Orators,
the prefent Governor of this Com-
monwealth, His Excellency Edward
Everett, LL. D." Note in the
Book of the Indians, 216. Alas,
ihe eloquent Lips of the great Ora-
tor are ftill in Death ! It is juft
thirty-one Years fince I placed in
his Hands in my own Library cer-
tain rare Books which he defired to
confult in making up his Addrefs.
Thirty Years from that Time I at-
tended his Funeral, which has juft
taken place. And here is a fitting
Place for a few prophetic Words
which he uttered at the Clofe of that
Addrefs: "Ages fliall pafs away ;
the majeftic Tree that ovcrfliadows
US fhall wither and fink before the

Blaft, and we who are now gathered
beneath it, fhall mingle with the
honored Duit we eulogize, but the
' Flowers of EfTex' fliall bloom in un-
dying remembrance ; and with every
Century, thcfc Rites of Commemo-
ration flTall be repeated as the Lapfe
of Time fhall continually develope,
in rich Abundance, the Fruits of
what was done and fufFered by our
Fathers." Bloody Brook Addrefs,
37-

On the fame Occafion Mrs. Sig-
ourney fang of the vanifhed Red
Race :

" Where are thofe Warriors, red and grim,

Who from the Thicket Iprang,
And aim'd their deadly Weapons fure

And mocked the Torture-pang ?
Where are thofe Hying Forms, that lov'd

The bounding Deer to trace.
And ftaythe funward Eagle's Flight?

Where is that foreft Race ?"

39] "i^ith the Indians in New-England, 115

ftanding their Subtilty and Cruelty, durft not look
an EngliJJofnan in the Face in the open Field, nor
ever yet were known to kill any Man with their
Guns, unlefs when they could lie in wait for him
in an Ambufh, or behind fome Shelter, taking
Aim undifcovered ; fo that although it was judged
by thofe that efcaped, that there was feven or
eight hundred Indians at leaft that encountered
that Company of eighty of Englifi -y^^"^ yet if they
had kept together in a Body, and fought march-
ing, they might have efcaped the Numbers of the
Enemy, with little Lofs in comparifon of what
they fuftained. For the valiant and fuccefsful
Captain Mofely, and his Lieutenant,'^5 coming
(though too late) to their Refcue, marched through
and through that great Body of Indians^ and yet
came off with little or no Lofs in Comparifon of
the other. And having fought all thofe Indians for
five or fix Hours upon a March, loft not above two
Men all that while,'^^ nor received other Damage
except that eight or nine were wounded, who

IS"* The Locality and furrounding ber inquiring of my late eftimable

Country of that great Difafter are Friend, John Pickering of Bofton,

given with Minutenefs by Gen. the able and learned Lexicographer,

Hoyt in his Rejearches, 109. He if he knew who this Lieut. Pickering

being a Refident of Dcjrfield, and was? He informed me that he was

familiar with the Town and adja- his Anceftor, and that he was the

cent Country, his Statements are no fixth Generation from the Lieuten-

doubt rtridly accurate. ant.

is*^ Mofcly had with him feveral

185 There were two Lieutenants, of his old Privateers, fome ofwhofe

John Pickering of Salem, and Perez favage Butcheries are noticed in the

Savage of Bofton, both mentioned Book of the Indians, and the Ap-

by the Author prefently. I remem- pendix to M^x^xtr^ Brief Hijiory.

1 1 6 A Narrative of the 'Troubles [39

were carried to their Quarters at Night at Hatfield,
whereas if thefe had proceeded in the lame Way
of Fighting as Captain Lothrop did in the Morn-
ing, they might have been furrounded, and (o
have been ferved as the former were ; but God
had otherwife determined in his fecret Council,
and therefore that was hid from the one, which
was a Means to preferve the other Company.

Other ReUef was alfo feafonably fent in, viz. a
Company of EngHfli and Mohegin or Pequod In-
dians^'^'' under the Command of Major Treat, who
was in the Morning marching another Way, vi%.
up toward Sqiiakeag to feek after the Enemy that
Way, with about an hundred Soldiers, Indians and
Englijh, upon whofe Approach, the Enemy, pretty
well acquainted by this laft Encounter with the
Valour of the EngliJJD, immediately went clear
away, giving Major Treat and Captain Mojely, who
returned to Dearjield that Night, an Opportunity
to bury the Slain the next Day. As Captain
Mqfely came upon the Indians in the Morning, he
found them ftripping the Slain, amongft whom
was one Robert Dutch,^^^ oi Ipjwicb, having been

1^^ The Afliftance of thcfe In- in the prefcnt War," &c. Colonuil

dians is nowhere duly acknowledged. Records of Conn. Mr. Pynchon had

They were under the Chief Atta- urged the Employment of Friendly

wamhood, the third Son of Uncas. Indians, and on the 8th of Septem-

He ufualiy went under the Name of ber, 1675, wrote to Gov. Leverett

Jojhufi. Hewas^Commiffionated" refpefling it. See his Letter in

bv the Council of Connedicot, on Appendix \o the Brief Hijiory, 242.
the 24th of Auguft (1675). The

Council remarking upon his" Readi- '^ He is noticed by Savage, who

nefs to be ferviceable to the Englifli fays " he was Son of Oiman Dutch,

4.0] with the Indians in New-England. 117

forely wounded by a Bullet that rafed to his Skull,
and then mauled by the Indian Hatchets, was
left for dead by the Salvages, and ftript by them
of all but his Skin ; yet when Capt. Mofely came
near, he almoft miraculoufly, as one raifed from
the Dead, came towards the Englijh, to their no
fmall Amazement ; by whom being received and
cloathed, he was carried off to the next Garrifon,
and is [40] living and in perfed: Health at this Day.
May he be to the Friends and Relations of the
Reft of the Slain an Emblem of their more per-
fed: Refurredion at the laft Day to receive their
Crowns among the Reft of the Martyrs that have
laid down and ventured their Lives, as a Tefti-
mony to the Truth of their Religion, as well as
Love to their Country.

This fore Defeat of Capt. Lothrop and his Men,
was the more to be lamented, in that (falling out
fo foon after two other'^9 of the like Nature) it fo
emboldened the Enemy, that they durft foon
after adventure upon confiderable Towns, though
well garrifoned with Soldiers, and gave them
Occalion of moft infolently braving the Garrifon
at Dearfield th& next Day,'9° hanging up the Gar-
it is faid ;" that his Father was of doubtlefs had his Account from
Gloucefter, who died Dec. 1684, Dutch himfelf, and is therefore en-
aged 100 or more, "as with greater tirely reliable.

Confidence than Probability is faid." i^-' The Difafhers of Sugar-loaf-

But moft of this Dubioufnefs is dif- Hill and Muddy Brook (fince called
pelled in Mr. Babfon's Hiftory of Bloody Brook).
Gloucejler, 73. A curious Story is "* ' Sept. igth. This Affair pro-

told in the Old Indian Chronicle, bably took place after Mofely had
29, about the way in which Dutch's marched to the Relief of Capt.
Life was faved. Mr. Hubbard Lothrop.

1 1 8 A Narrative of the Troubles [40

ments of the Englifli in Sight of the Soldiers,
yet on the other Side of the River. However, it
pleafed God, who is always wont to remember
his People in their low Eftate, to put fuch a Re-
ftraint upon them, that when they palfed very
near the garrifon Houfe at Dearfield (wherein were
not left above twenty feven Soldiers), their Captain
uling this Stratagem ; to caufe his Trumpet to
found, as if he had another Troop near by to be
called together, they turned another Way and
made no Attempt upon the Houfe where that
fmall Number was, which if they had done with
any ordinary Refolution, fo fmall a Handful of
Men could hardly have withftood the Force of
fo many hundreds as were then gathered together.
What Lofs the Enemy fuftained by the Relift-
ance of Capt. Lothrop and his Men (who no
doubt being all refolute young Men, and feeing
they fliould be forced by the hard Law of the
Sword to forego their Lives, held them at as high
a Rate as they could,) is not certainly known. It
hath lince been confelfed by fome of the Indians
themfelves, that they loft 96 of their Men that
Day. Capt. Mojelys Men coming fuddenly upon
them when they were Pillaging of the Dead,
fell upon them with fuch a fmart Alfault, that
they drove them prefently into a Swamp, follow-
ing them fo clofe, that for feven Miles together,
they fought them upon a March, charging them
through and through. Perez Savage, and Lieu-
tenant Pickering, his Lieutenants, deferving no

4- 1 ] with the Indians in New- England. 119

little Part of the Honour of that Day's Service,
being fometimes called to lead the Company in
the Front, while Capt. Mofely took a little Breath,
who was almoft melted with labouring, com-
manding, and leading his Men through the Midft
of the Enemy. '9'

The Indians gathered together in thofe Parts,
appearing fo numerous, and, as juftly might be
fuppofed, growing more confident by fome of
their late SuccefTes, and the Number of our Men
being after this fad Rate diminifhed. Recruits alfo
not being fuddenly to be ex[4i]ped:ed, at fo great a
Diftance as an hundred Miles from all Supplies,
the Commander in chief with the Officers, faw a
Neceflity of flighting that Garrifon at Dearfieldy
imploying the Forces they had to fecure and
ilrengthen the three next Towns below upon
ConneBicut River. And it was well that Counfel
was thought upon ; for now thofe wretched
Caitiffs begin to talk of great Matters, hoping
that by Degrees they might deftroy all the Towns
thereabouts, as they had already begun ; their
Hopes, no doubt, were not a little heightened
by the Accefhon of the Springfield Indians to
their Party, who had in Appearance all this Time

1^1 Mofely's Battle with the In- Conteft and fled in all Diredions.

dians was a drawn one. That When they hrft met Mofely they

Officer was retreating, leaving them tho'ight they would have an eafy

Matters of the Field, when he was Conqueft, — dared him to come

met by Major Robert Treat with on, and added, " You feek Indians,

his Connefticut Men and Indians you want Indians — here's Indians

under Attawamhood, above loo in enough for you." Letter of the

all. The Indians then gave up the Time in Book of the Indians.

1 20 A Narrative of the Troubles [41

ftood the firmeft to the Intereft of the Englifli of
all the Reft in thofe Parts : but they all hanging
together, like Serpent's Eggs, were ealily per-
fuaded to join with thofe of Hadly (there being
fo near Alliance between them ; for the Sachim
of the Springfield Indiaiis^"^^ was Father of Hadly
Sachim) not only by the Succefs of their treacher-
ous and blood thirfty Companions, but by the
fame inbred Malice and Antipathy againft the
Englifli Manners and Religion.

The Inhabitants of Springfield were not infen-
lible of their Danger, and therefore had upon the
iirft breaking forth of thofe Troubles been treat-
ing with their Indians, and received from them
the firmefl: Alfurance and Pledges of their Faith-
fulnefs and Friendlhip that could be imagined or
delired, both by Covenant, Promifes, and Hoft-
ages given for Security ; fo as no Doubt wa^ left
in any of their Minds : yet did thefe faithlefs and
ungrateful Monfters plot with Philips Indians to
burn and deftroy all Springfield, as they had done
Brookfield before : to that End they fent cun-
ningly and enticed away the Hollages from Hart-
ford, where perhaps they were too infecurely
watched over, a Day or two before : then receiv-
ing about three hundred of Philips Indians into
their Fort, privately in the Night time, fo as they
were neither difcerned or fufped:ed. Yea, fo con-
fident were fuch of the Inhabitants as were moft

'•'- His Name was Woqmgan ox thcr's Brief Hijiory, 246. Judd';
iVequogon. Sec Apptudix \.o Ma- Hijhry of Ha/ley, 151.

4-2] with the Indians in New-England. 121

converfant with the Indians at their Fort, that
they would not believe there was any fuch Plot
in Hand, when it was ftrangely revealed by one
Toto, an Indian at Windfor^ better afFedted to the
Englifh, (about eighteen or twenty Miles below
Springfield, upon the fame River), and fo by Poll:,
Tidings thereof brought to Springfield the Night
before; infomuch that the Lieutenant of the
Town, Cooper by Name, was fo far from believ-
ing the Stratagem, that in the Morning himfelf
and another would venture to ride up to the
Fort, to fee whether Things were fo or no. '93
The Fort was about a Mile from the Town :
when he came within a little thereof, he met
thefe bloody and deceitful Monfters, newly
iffued out of their Equus Trojaniis to a6t their
intended Mifchief ; [42] they prefently fired upon
him, divers of them, and fhot him in feveral
Places through the Body, yet being a Man of
flout Courage, he kept his Horfe till he recovered
the next garrifon Houfe ; his Companion they
fhot dead upon the Place ;'94 by this Means giving
a fad Alarm to the Town of their intended Mif-
chief, which was inftantly fired in all Places where

^"3 The Propriety of Difarming at this Time, mentioned in a Note

thofe Indians was a Queftion with to the Brief Hift or y, p. 98, was a

the Council of Connefticut, but of Woman, wife of John Matthews,

courfe they could only make a Sug- Judd, Hiflory of Hadk"^, 153. See

geftion, deferring to thofe on the Note 175, ante. Thofe mortally

Spot as the beft Judges of what wounded were Nathaniel Browne,

fliould be done. and Edmund Pringridays, Judd,

' ''■1 The Pentecojl Matthews killed ibid.

u

122 A Narrative of the Troubles [4.2

there were no Garrifons. The poor People hav-
ing never an Officer to lead them, being like Sheep
ready for the Slaughter, and no doubt the whole
Town had been totally deftroyed, but that a Re-
port of the Plot being carried about over Night,
Major Treat c2Lnie from W ejijie id tiniQ enough in a
Manner, for the Refcue, but wanting Boats to
tranfport his Men, could not do fo much Good as
he defired. Major Pynchon coming from Hadly
with Capt. Appleton and what Forces they could
bring along with them, '95 (thirty two Houfes be-
ing firft confumed,) preferved the Reft of the
Town from being turned into Afhes; in which
the over credulous Inhabitants might now fee
(what before they would not believe at the burn-
ing of Major Pynchons Barns and Stables a few
Days before,'96 to very great Damage of the
Owner) the faithlefs and deceitful Friendfhip
amongft thofe perfidious, cruel and hellilli Mon-
fters.

Amongft the Ruins of the faid Dwellings, the
faddeft to behold was the Houfe of Mr. Pelatiah
Glover, Minifter of the Town, furniflied with a
brave Library, which he had but newly brought
back from a Garrifon wherein it had been for
fome Time before fecured ; but as if the Danger

'■'■"'Mr. Pynchon wrote to Mr. Mr. Glover's, John Hitchcock's and

Ruflcllot" Hadlcy, I 5th Oft., 1675, Goodman Stewart's burnt down

" We came to a lamentable and with Barns, Corn, and all they had,"

woful Sight, — the Town in Flames, &c. See Letter in Appendix to

not a Houfe and Barn ftanding, ex- Mather's Brief Hiftory, 244.
ccpt old Goodman Branche's, while
we came to my Houfe; and then ""^ September 26th, 1675,

42] with the Indians in New-England. 123

had been over with them, the faid Minifter, a
great Student, and an belluo lihroriimy being im-
patient for Want of his Books, brought them
back to his great Sorrow, fit for a Bonfire for the
proud infulting Enemy. Of all the Mifchiefs
done by the faid Enemy before that Day, the
Burning of this Town of Springfield did more
than any other, difcover the faid A6tors to be the
Children of the Devil, full of all Subtilty and
Malice, there having been for about forty Years fo
good Correfpondence betwixt the Englifh of that
Town and the neighbouring Indians. But in
them is made good what is faid in the Pfalm,
That though their Words were fmoother than Oil^
yet were they drawn Swords.

After fome little Time fpent in garrifoning the
Place and helping the Inhabitants to fecure what
they had left, the Englifh Soldiers moft of them
returned back to Hadly their Head Quarters ; and
Major Pinchon being fo full of Incumbrances, by
Reafon of the late Spoils done to himfelf, and his
Neighbours at Springfield, could not any longer
attend the Service of Commanding in chief as he
had done before ;^97 wherefore being according to
his earneft Requeft of the Council eafed of that
Burden, Capt. Samuel Appteton was ordered to

'"'He requeftcd to be relieved. 12th, following. The Council fay-
In his Letter of Odl. 5th, he fays: to him in their Letter (dated Oft.
"I know not how to write, neither 4th), " they having confidered the
can I be able to attend any public earneft Defires of Major Pynchon,
Service." He was excufed, and and the great Affliction upon him
Captain Appleton appointed to his and his Family," &c. Appleton
Place, who took Command Oft. Memorial, 96.

124 ^ Narrative of the 'Troi(bles [43

fucceed in taking Charge [43] of the Soldiers left in
thofe upper Towns, by whole Induftry, Skill and
Courage, thofe Towns were preferved from run-
ning the fame Fate with the Reft, wholly or in
part fo lately turned into Afhes/^s For the Enemy
growing very confident by the late Succelfes, came
with all their Fury the ninth of October following
upon Hatfield^ hoping no lefs than to do the like
Mifchief to them they had newly done to Spring-
field; But according to the good Providence of
Almighty God, Major Treat was newly returned to
Northampton y Capt. Mofely and Capt. Poole wqvq then
garrifoning the faid Hatfield, and Capt. Appleton for
the like End quartering at liadly, when on the
fudden feven or eight hundred of the Enemy came
upon the Town in all Quarters, having firfi: killed
or taken two or three Scouts belonging to the
Town, and feven more belonging to Capt. Mofely
his Company : But they were fo well entertained
on all Hands where they attempted to break in
upon the Town, that they found it too hot for
them. Major Appleton with great Courage defend-
ing one End of the Town, and Capt. Mofely as
floutly maintaining the Middle, and Capt. PWthe
other End ; that they were by the Refolution of the
Englifh inftantly beaten off, without doing much
Harm. Capt. Appletons Serjeant'99 was mortally

'- Up to the Attack on Hatfield, induced, though with great Diftruft

Affairs were fo very gloomy, that it of the Ifflie, to afflinie the Command,

required all the Nerve of the bravcft See his Letter of Od. l 2th, in Ap-

of Men to accept-the Place of Com- pletoii Memorial, 97.

mander-in-Chief. But Capt. Ap- ''"^ Frcegrace Norton. See Ta-

pleton being on the Ground, was i^/f. No. 13.

4-3] with the Indians in New-England. 125

wounded juft by his Side, another Bullet paffing
through his own Hair, by that Whifper telling
him that Death was very near, but did no other
Harm. Night coming on, it could not be dif-
cerned what Lofs the Enemy fuftained, divers
were feen to fall, fome run through a fmall River,
others caft their Guns into the Water (it being their
Manner to venture as much to recover the dead
Bodies of their Friends, as to defend them when
alive.) At laft after burning of fome few Barns
with fome other Buildings, the Enemy hafted away
as faft as they came on, leaving the Englifh to
blefs God who had fo mercifully delivered them
from the Fury of their Mercilefs Foes, who had
in Conceit without Doubt devoured all : But this
refolute and valiant Repulfe. put fuch a Check
upon the Pride of the Enemy, that they made no
further Attempt upon any of thofe Towns for the
prefent ;^°° but Winter drawing on they retired
all of them to their general Rendezvouz at
Narhaganfet ; where we (hall leave them for the
prefent, plotting their general Defign of accom-
plifliing their intended Mifchief againft the Eng-
lijh the next Spring.

Our weftern Plantations upon ConneSlicut River ^
were the Stage whereon were adted the moft re-
markable Paffages of this barbarous War hithertOj
which was foon after removed into many other
Places of the Country in the Winter and Spring
following, whither our Difcourfe muft in the next

2' 0 It will foon be fecn that this re£t. See Table, No. 14.
Conclufion was not entirely cor-

126 A Narrative of the Troubles [44

Place purfue it : There was not any [44] great Mat-
ter a6ted by the Enemy amongft the Plantations
upon the great River during the Winter, after the
Allault made upon Hatfield^ October 1 9. It is evi-
dent that the Body of them returned to Narhagan-
fet upon the approach of the Winter, which fet in
more early than it ufed in other Years : Where
Philip did beftow himfelf in the winter Seafon is
not fo certain ; fome fay that he repaired fur-
ther weftward, to try his Fortune with thofe
Indians that lie towards Albany, near the Dutch
River :-°' others more probably conceive that he
lay hid in fome Part of the Narhaganfet^Country :
for though he was not certainly known to be
about the Fort at Narhaganfet, when it was taken
by our Forces in the Winter, yet as foon as ever
they were driven out of the Country in February,
he was found amongft them that did the Mifchief
at Lancajier in that Month. ^°^

Some ftragling Parties of them remained about

201 The only Inllance which I reality there is no Evidence that he

remember to have feen Hudfon's was prefent in any of the Fights

River fo denominated. Even now along the Conncfticiit River, He

it is oftcnelt: called the North River, was timid and cowardly, and was

Its Indian Name was Shute?nuck, as continually fkulking from Place to

an old Settler on the River, who Place, and perhaps urged others to

undcrflood Indian, told Egbert Ben- fight. He would no doubt gladly

fon in 1785. This is probably have made Peace with the Englifh

Wafhington Irving's Authority for but from Fear of his own Men, ard

its Ufe in his Knickerbocker. Sec the more certain Faft that the Eng-

Moulton's Hijiory of Nezu Tork, lifh would fhow him no Mercy.

■^\\. Knickerbocker, i, 73, firft JefFcrfon Davis is now in a Situation

Edition. very fimilar to that in which Philip

2()-> The Fears of the Englifh made was then. Philip was more con-
Philip nearly Omniprcfent, while in tcmptiblc, but far lefs villainous.

44] with the Indians in New-England. 127

Northaf?jpton,^°^ WejHeld,"°^ and Springfield^ fome
Time after their Defeat at Hatfield: feven or
eight of the Inhabitants of Northampton in the
End of OBober^ venturing to fetch in fome of
their Harveft that was left fomewhere out of the
Town, were in Danger of being furprifed, having
laid their Arms under their Cart, fo as being def-
titute of Means to make their Defence, they were
glad to flie away with their Horfes out of their
Cart, leaving what they were about, to the Pleaf-
ure of the Indians that alTaulted. Major Treat
upon the hearing "the Alarm, prefently repaired
thither, but could not come Time enough to
deftroy any of the Enemy, nor yet to prevent
their burning of four or five Houfes, with two or
three Barns that ftood fomewhat out of the Town.
Within a little Time after they killed three of the
fame Town, as they were at work in a Meadow
not far from the Town : they intended alfo to
have burned the Mill, but it was too well guard-
ed by two Files of Mufquetiers lodged there for
the Purpofe, who put them befide their In-

^03 Major Pynchon wrote from Indians killed three Men belonging

Hadley, Sept. 30th, that "two Days to Springfield, in Wcftfield ; viz.

before, two Englifhmen at North- John Dumbleton, Jr., who went to

ampton, being gone out in the Morn- Weftfield Mill, and William Brooks,

ing to cut Wood, and but a little Jr., and John Brooks, who went to

from the Houfe, were both fhot look for Iron Ore, on Land bought

down dead." ExtraSl in Judd, of Mr John Pynchon. The Indians

150. The Rev. Mr. RuiTell gives burnt Mr. Cornifh's Houfe and the

their Names, — Praifever Turner, Houfe and Barn of John Sackett.

and Uzacaby Shackfpeer. Coffin's A Mr. Granger had a Ball (liot into

Newbury, 390. his Leg. Davis's Hijiory of Weft-

20* On the 27th of Oftober, the field, 7. Judd's Hadley, 1 56.

128 A Narrative of the Troubles [45

tent.-°5 Six or feven of Springfield foon after
going to the Mill in Wellfield (that which belonged
to their own Town being burned OBober ^th),
and venturing without Arms, three of them were
killed by fome of the Enemy, who took the Ad-
vantage alio to burn four or five Houfes that be-
longed to the faid Wefifield: but by the End of
November the Coaft was pretty clear of them,
unlefs fome few of them that lay lurking in the
Swamps thereabouts all the Winter, doing fome
fmall Mifchief upon fome Out-dwellings of
Spri7Jgfield.

The Expedition into the Narhaganfet Country,
follows in Order in the next Place to be related ;
but before we come thither, a little Notice muft
be taken by the Way, of an unfuccefsful At-
tempt upon the Indians [45] about Hafi^anemefit,'^°^
and Poppachuog,'^°'^ whither Capt. Henchman was
fent in the Beginning of November : where alfo
Captain 6"///-°^ was ordered to meet him with

2''5 This Attack was on Oftober '-'"''' In the prefcnt Town of Graf-

29th. The other Affair juft men- ton. Its Name meant/? Ston^ Place.

tioned was about the Middle of the It was a noted Town of Praying

Month, See Williams's Hijlory of Indians.

Northampton, ii. In that of the '""The Same ufually written

29th, Thomas Salmon, Jofcph Ba- Pakkachoog, or Packachooge. It

ker, and jofeph Baker, Jr., were was in the foutherly Part of Wor-

killed, as they were at work in the cefter, and was a Village of Pray-

Meadow. The Enemy attempted ing Indians, on a Hill, by fome called

to burn the Mill there, but were Bogachoag.

prevented. ll>id. In the firll Attack '"" Jofeph Sill of Cambridge. A

John Roberts was mortally wound- good Sequel to his Part in the

cd, and one Indian was killed, prcfent Expedition is given by Gen.

Judd, 156. The.AfFairin the Mea- Gookin in Hift. Praying Indians.

dow is a little different in Williams. We Ihall meet with him again.

4- 5 ] "with the Indians 171 New-England, 129

another Company from Cambridge with intent to
have beat up the Indian Quarters in thofe Parts :
they being known to have had an Hand in the
Outrages committed upon thofe that belonged to
Malhorough and Mendham ; cutting off the Scalp
of a Millers Boy, who is yet Alive.

November i, 1675, Capt. Henchman marched
out of Bofton, intending to vilit the Indians about
IIa[fenemeJit : the third Day they fa w fome Fires
of the Indians, yet could not meet with them that
made them : The fourth Day they marched to
fome Part of the Indian Plantations, called Hajfe-
nemefit : the Captain would have taken up his
Quarters a Mile on this Side, but fome of his
Officers over-ruled him, to whofe Importunity
he gave Way, and marched a Mile further to-
wards the Enemy, and by that Means faved the
Millers Youth, taken the Week before from
Malhorough ; for in the Morning very Early, as
the Scouts were looking out, they fpyed a Wig-
wam, where fome Indians that had carried away
the Youth, had lodged all Night in fome Wig-
wam near by ; when the Indians faw our Soldiers,
they hafted away, and left the Malhorough Youth
behind them, who by that Means efcaped their
Hands. Our Men under Capt. Henchmait marched
on to Poppachuog, and finding the Indians all fled
(although they perceived by a Melfenger acci-
dentally fent back, that the Indians followed them
all that Way they marched) they came back
to Mendham to fettle Things in that Town :
fome of the Inhabitants informed them of fome
V

130 A Narf^at ive of the T'roubles [4 5

India?! Wigwams about ten Miles off: The Cap-
tain, with Philip Curtice his Lieutenant, relblved
to give them a Camifado in their Wigwams that
Night : to that End, they mounted two and
twenty upon Horfes, riding up ten Miles into the
Woods, and when they came near the Wigwams,
they difmounted, and intended prefently to march
up and give an Affault upon them, after they had
firft made a fhout to fright the Enemy : they
ordered one half to follow the Lieutenant, the
other to follow the Captain ; when they came
within a Quarter of a Mile of the Place, their
Dogs began to bark, at which they ftop'd, and by
and by marched again, intending prefently to
fire in upon them, but the Captains Foot flipping,
he could hardly recover himfelf ; when fuddenly
looking behind him, he faw no Man following
of him : the Lieutenant had five behind him,
who with thofe five refolutely fired on that Side
he was appointed to make the Affault upon ; but
they were repulfed by the Indians^-"') who firing

■20!) xhe Hifto-ian of Marlbor- old, that was his Maftcr Peter

ough, (the Hon. Chas Hudfon) Bent's Son, and left the Lad at the

feems not to have been aware of this Mill as Dead." Thus is Mr.

Event. It happened on Nov. 6th. Hubbard's Account effcniially elu-

Gcn. Gookin's Verfion of it is very cidated as well as enlarged. See alfo

Circumllantial, as the Captive was the Rev. Thomas Cobbct s N^rra-

refcued by two of his Praying In- five in A''. Eng. Hijl. and Gen.

dians. The Name of the Youth Reg'r, VII, 209, &c. — Elizabeth,

was Chrillopher Muchin. " He wife of Peter Bent, of Marlboro',

informed the Captain that thofe faid, 10 June, 1676, that fhe was a

feven Indians with whom he was poor Widow, with fevcn Children,

taken, had fcizcd him at Peter that her Hufband went to England.

Bent's Mill in Marlborough, the and died there, and loll all he

Day before, and had alfo feized and carried with him. — Petition in MS.

fcalped a Youth of about nine Years in MaJJiichuJetti Jrchives.

4-6] with the Indians in New-England, 131

out of their Dens, fliot down the Lieutenant and
another, the Reft prefently ran away to a Fence :
the Captain with all [46] vehemency urged them
to ftay ; they replyed, they went back but only
to charge, yet went clear away, by which Means,
together with the Cowardice of the former, fo
fad a Lofs befell the Company, which could not
eafily be repaired : however the Enemy prefently
deferted the Wigwam, and gave our Men the
next Day an Opportunity to fetch off their two
dead Men, and bury them, and fo with Grief and
Shame were conftrained to return to their Quar-
ters 2it Mendham ;-'° to whofe Inhabitants they gave
notice of 200 Bufhels of Corn belonging to the
Indians, that might have been preferved, which
for Want of Hands was loft by the Fire, that the
Enemy might not be benefited thereby. It ap-
pears by the foregoing Paflage, that the Time of
our Deliverance was not yet come, and that God
had further Trials to acquaint us with, before he
would turn his Hand upon our Enemies. But it
pleafed the Lord in Mercy fo to order Things,
that they themfelves fell into that Pit they were
digging for others, as ftiall appear more fully in
what follows.

The Englifti Plantations about Hadly being for
the Prefent fet a little at Liberty by the Indians

•210 Qqx\. Gookin fays : " Capt. tenant was one, — Philip Curtice oi

Henchman told me he judged fev- Roxbury, a flout Man. His Hands

era! of the Enemy were flain in the they cut ofF and placed upon a

Wigwam, but the Certainty is not crotched Pole at the Wigwam Door

known ; but it was certain he loft faced againft each other, which

two of his Men, wHereof his Lieu- were feen a few Days after."

132 A Narrat ive of the Troubles [46

drawing off, like Seamen after a Storm, counted
it their befl: Courfe to repair their Tackling
againft another that may be next coming;^"
wherefore the Inhabitants concluded it the fafer
Way to make a Kind of Barricado about their
Towns, by fetting up Pallifadoes of Cleft-wood
about eight Foot long, as it were to break the
Force of any fudden Affault which the Indians
might make upon them, which Counfel proved
very fuccefsful ; for although it be an inconfider-
able Defence againft a Warlike Enemy, that had
Strength enough, and Confidence to befiege a
Place, yet it is fufficient to prevent any fudden
Affault of fuch a timerous and barbarous Ene-
my as thefe were ; for although they did after-
wards in the Spring break through thofe Pallifadoes
at Northampton^ yet as foon as ever they began to
be repulfed, they faw themfelves like Wolves in
a Pound, that they could not fly away at their
Pleafure, lb as they never adventured to break
through afterward upon any of the Towns fo
fecured.

As for thofe of Springfield^ they were now and
then alarmed with a few fkulking Indians lurking
about in the adjacent Woods, as once at the long
Meadow, where half a Score of them were (q^w
about an Houfe remote from the Town, who
were purfued by a Party of the Englifli towards
Windfor, and fo efcaped : after the Englilh had

211 Whether this highly appro- fter, cannot be known ; while this

priate Metaphor ruggcltcd that cm- cannot fail to recall that to the

ployed with fo nuich Splendor on Mind of every Reader; elpecially

a great Occafion by Daniel Web- thofe o'i this Day, Feb. zzd, 1865.

47 ] w/M the Indians of New- England. 133

made one fliot upon them, not knowing certainly
how many they killed. So at another Time, a
Few of thofe barbarous Wretches killed a poor
Man belonging to Springfield^ as he was going to
his Houfe to look after his Corn on the other
Side of the River ;^'- and after they had killed
the Man, they burnt [47] down his Houfe ; yet
attempted no further Mifchief upon that Part of
the Town that had efcaped the Fury of the
Flames, OSlober 5. By which it is evident, that
all the Number of Indians that had alTaulted them
before, had now drawn themfelves to their Win-
ter Quarters, fome to the Dutch River, but the
greateft Number of them to be fure were found
in the Winter at the Narhaganfet Fort, where we
fhall leave them for the Prefent, till the Forces
of the United Colonies fhall fire them out of
their Nefts.-'^

The Soldiers continuing fome Time at Hatfield
after this Victory, as we may well call it (for it
feems to have given the firn: Check to the Rage
of the Heathen within the Jurifdidiion of the
United Colonies, they have been obferved ever
fince to have been on the lofing Hand, feldom or
never daring to meet our Soldiers in the open

•212 Xhc Death of this "poor was fuppofed, in the Wildernefs

man " is probably not recorded beyond the Connefticut River. In-

on the Springfield Records. I find deed fuch Information was received

that of *' Samuel Chapin, Deacon from Gov. Andros at Connedicut.

of the Church, died Nov. nth,'' The Council of that Colony urged

and Benj Mun, Sen., Nov., 1675." him to engage the Mohawks to def-

'^'^ Philip, with a Few of his troy them. S^t Colonial Records

Wanipanoags, pafTed the Winter, it Ct , 11,397-8.

134 A Narrative of the Troubles [4.7

Field, unlefs when they have very great Advan-
tage as to their Numbers, or Covert of the
Woods and Buflies : although like fome raging
Beafts they have done much Mifchief feveral
Times fince, when they were ready to expire, or
when the Pangs of Death were coming upon
them) our Forces were all called Home, fave
fome left for garifoning the Towns thereabouts.

The Commiffioners of the united Colonies
taking into ferious Confideration the prefent
State of Things, vi^. that there were before this
Time fo many Hundreds gathered together into
one Body, and that there was great Reafon to
fear, if they were let alone till the next Spring
they might all rife together as one Man round
about us, and that one Town after another
might ealily be deftroyed, before any Help could
be difpatched to them. On the one Hand the
Sharpnefs of the Winter in thefe Parts was well
weighed, fo extream that it might hazard the
Lofs of a thoufand Men in one Night, if they
were forced to lodge Abroad in the open Field :
as alfo the Difficulty, if not Impoffibility, of
fending any Relief to them at any Diitance, the
Depth of Snow ufually making the Ways unpaf-
fable for divers Months together.

On the other Hand it was conlidered, that if
the Enemy were let alone till the next Summer,
it would be impoffible to deal with them, or find
them any where, but they might wafte one
Company of Soldiers after another, as was i^^n
by the Experience of the former Year. Con-

48] with the Indians in New- England. 135

fidering alfo that the Narhaganfets, the mofl
Numerous of all the Reft, and the heft provided
of Provilion of all the other Indians^ had now
declared themfelves our Enemies, who if they
were let alone till the Winter was over, we
fliould be unable to deal with fo many Enemies
at once, that could on a fudden, on any occafion,
fpread themfelves like Grafhoppers all over the
Country.

[48] It was therefore finally agreed upon by
the general confent of all, to fall upon the Win-
ter-quarters of our Enemies, by a more confider-
able Army (if I may fo call it) gathered out of all
the three Colonies, and that with all Expedition,
at furthefi not to exceed the tenth of December,
before they fhould have a thoufand Men in Arms
ready for the Defign.''''^

-i^fhis was the Refolve of the
Commiflioners of the United Col-
onies, at Borton, Nov. 2d, 1675,
The Names of the Commiffioners
were John Winthrop, Wait Win-
throp, Thomas Danforth, Prejident;
William Stoughton, Jofiah Win-
flow, and Thomas Hinckley.

In the Preamble to the Refolu-
tion, the Commiflioners charge, that
the Narhaganfets are deeply accef-
fory in the prefent bloody Outrages.
This appearing by theire harbour-
ing the Adlors thereof: '' that they
had not delivered up any of the
Enemy, but had harbored and pro-
tedled them ; had killed and taken
away the Cattle of the Englifh ;
" and did for fome Dales feize and
keepe vnder a llronge Gauarde,
Mr. Smithes Houfeand Family; and
att the Newes of the fad and la-

mentable MifchiefFe that the In-
dians did vnto the Englifh att or
near Hadley, did in a very re-
proachfull and blafphemous manor
triumph and rejoyce thereat." This
has Reference to the Treatment of
Lothrop and Beer's Men, fome of
whom were hung by Chains, as
mentioned in our Author's Ac-
count before detailed. Therefore
the Commiflioners fay we " doe
agree and determine that befides
the Number of Souldiers formerly
agreed vpon to be raifed, there
fhall be one thoufand more raifed
and furniflied," &c. ; and that the
Honoble Jofiah Window, Efq.,
Gouf of Plymouth Collonie," fliall
be Commander-inChief of them ;
that the fecond in Command to be
appointed by Connedicut, who as
will appear, was Maj. Robert Treat.

136 A Narrative of the Troubles [48

As for the late League made or rather renewed
with the Narhaganfets^ it was fufficiently evident
and known, that they had all along from the
firfl Day when it was confirmed, broken every
Article of it, fpecially in not .delivering up the
Enemies which had fheltered themfelves with
them all this while, which though they did not
pofitively deny, yet did nothing but find Excufes,
to defer it one Week after another, till at the laft
they would be excufed till the next Spring, upon
Pretence that they could not before that Time
get them together.. And befides the favouring
of thofe that fled to them, and fupplying the
whole Body of the Enemy with Victuals upon all
Occafions ; It was likewife ftrongly fufpedted,
that in all the late Proceedings of the Enemy,
many of their young Men were known to be
a6tually in Arms againfi: us ; many of whom were
found either wounded amongft them in their
Wigwams, or elfe were occafionally feen return-
ing back, after Exploits abroad, to be healed of
their Wounds at Home. Alfo fome of our Mens
Guns that were loll: at Dearjield were found in
the Fort when it was fired. Therefore all Scru-
ples as to the Juftnefs and Neceffity of the War
being removed, the only Queftion was. Whether
it were Feafible and Expedient in the Win-
ter ? The Exigent was very great, and the
Choice very hard : But as David when he was
ftreightened with many Difficulties at once, chofe
rather to fall into the Hands of God whofe Mer-
cies were great, though he might be provoked
to caufe his Jealoufie to fmoak againfl thofe of

49] 'with the Indians in New-England. 137

his own Heritage for a Time ; fo in this Exigent
it was generally conceived to be moft Expedient
for the Country, to caft themfelves upon the
Providence of a merciful and gracious God,
rather than by Delays to expofe themfelves to
the Treachery and Cruelty of a perfidious
Enemy.

A War therefore fpeedily to be carried on in
the very Depth of Winter, being agreed upon,
Care was taken for Supplies, as the Difficulty of
fuch an Affair fo circumftanced did require,
though poffibly not with fo much neceffary Care,
and fo fuitable Provifion, as had been defired, if
what came afterward to pafs could have been
forefeen, (which peradventure might be the Rea-
fon Things went on fo heavily for Want of well
oyling the Wheels ; ) in the mean Time a fmall
Army of a thoufand fighting Men, well appointed,
were ordered by the Commiffioners to [49] be
gathered by Proportion out of all the Colonies, of
which Number the Share of the Majfachufets
was to be five hundred and twenty feven,^'5 the
Reft were to be fupplied out of Plimouth and
Connecticut Colonies. -^^ All other fupplies were
taken care for, as well as the fuddennefs of the

-'•5 There appears to have been a Court for Remuneration for his

" Chirurgion General" for the Sacrifices and Loffes in the Narra-

Maffachufett Troops, named J)an- ganfet Expedition. He died pre-

iel Weld, of Salem. He was vious to 24 June, i6gi. See Fell's

Son of Mr. Thomas Weld, an Jfinals of Salem, i, 436.

early Minifter of Roxbury of Anti- ~" Maffachufett, 527 ; Plymouth,

nomian Notoriety. Long after the 158; Connefticut, 325. Records

War he petitioned the Gen ral United Colonies, x, 365.

w

138 A Narrative of the Troubles [49

Expedition, and Difficulty of the Seafon would
allow. The faid thoufand Men, befide fome
Voluntiers of Indian-Friends, were by the Time
and Place appointed as near as could be had,
called together,-'^ and a Commiffion granted to
the honourable Jojiah Win flow Efq ; the prefent
Governour of Plifnouth Colony, a Man of known
Ability and Integrity, every Way io well qualified
with Courage and Refolution as well as Prudence
and Difcretion, as might have prefered him to
the Conduct of a far greater Army than ever is
like to be gathered together in this Part of the
World, in this or following Generations. And
indeed, as he was the firft Governour over any of
the United Colonies in New-England of them
that were born in the Place, fo may he well pafs
for a Pattern of any of the fucceeding Race that
may come after.

Under him as Commander in Chief, were or-
dered fix Companies from the MaJJ'achufets, under
the Command of Major Appleton, Cap. Mojely,
Capt. Gardner, Capt. Davenport, Capt. Oliver,-^^

21' The Connecticut Men were Employment, and during the late

to rendezvous at Norwich, Stoning- Warrsyour Petitioner was at Nar-

ton, and New London; thofe of raganfet and Elfewhere on the Ser-

Plymouth and Maflachufetts, at Re- vice of the Country, and after this

hoboth. Providence and Warwick, hath had the moft Part of his Ef-

All to be ready at or before the tate confumed by Fire." The

15 th of December. RecordsUnited Mag'^flirates granted him "200

Colonics, y., 358. Acres of Land where it is to be

-'"^ Six Years after, Capt. Oliver found, not prejudicial to previous

petitioned the General Court for a Grants." The Deputies confented

Grant of " that Ifland whereon " provided the Grant be made to

Wianonfet [Wonalanfet ?] lately Nathaniel Barnes for the Petitioners

dwelt. Your Petitioner for many Ufe." He was of Boilon, fon of

Years pail hath been in publick Thomas Oliver, died _/'/>. i68z.

5 o] with the Indians in New-England. 139

Capt. John/on ; five Companies from Connedticut
under Major Treat, Capt. Siely, Capt. Gallop,
Capt, Mafon, Capt. Wats, and Capt. Marfial ;
Two Companies from Flimoiith, under Major
Bradford and Capt. Goram.

Under the Governour of Plimouth as Commander
in Chief in this Expedition, were fent as Majors
of the Forces belonging to each Colony, Major
Robert Treat for the Forces belonging to Connec-
ticut, and Major Bradford for thofe of the Colony
oi Plimouth and Major Samuel Applet on for thofe
of the Majfachufets, to whom by the honorable
Major General of the faid Colony were fix Com-
panies of Foot delivered at Dedham, December the
()th. 1675, containing in Number 465 fighting
Men, befides a Troop of Horfe under the Com-
mand of Capt. Thotnas Prentice attending upon
them. That Night they marched to Woodcoks,
about 27 Miles from Dedham ; the next Night
they arrived at Seaconck ; Capt. Mofely and his
Company went from thence with Mr. Smith by
Water, the Reft ferried over the Water to Provi-
dence.

The next Day, Decemb. the i zth they pafi^ed
over Patuxet-River, and then marching through
Pomhams Country^ at Night they met with Capt.
Mofely and his Company at Mr. Smiths in Wick-
ford, the Place intended for their Head-quarters.
Capt. Mofely in his Way thither had happily fur-
prifed thirty fix Indians, one of whom he took
along with him as a Guide, Peter-^'^ by Name,

aioforfome interefting Farticu- lars refpefting this Peter (afterwards

14.0 A Narrative of the Troubles [50

that was at that Time under fome Difguft with
his [50] Country-men, or his Sachim, which
made him prove the more real Friend to our
Forces in that Service, wherein he faithfully per-
formed what he promifed, and without his Affift-
ance our Men would have been much at a Lofs
to have found the Enemy, untill it had been too
late to have fought them.

Two Dayes after, Dt'f^;;;/^. 14//6, five Files of
Men fent out under Serjeant Bennet"° and an-
other, upon the Scout, kill'd one Man and one
Woman, and brought in four more by one of the
Clock : the whole Company marched after into
fome of the Sachims Country, where they burnt
an hundred and fifty Wigwams, killed feven of
the Enemy, and brought in eight Prifoners when
they returned at Night.--'

The next Day, an Indian called Stone-lVall-
yohn--- pretending to come from the Sachims,

called Peter Freeman), See Note General! went out with Horfe and

I, p^ge 105 of Dr. J Mather's Foot ; I with my Company was left

Brief Hijhry. By the ConfelTions to keep Garrifon. I fent out thirty

of the Englifli themfelves, he faved of my Men to fcout abroad, who

their Army. Even Cotton Mather killed two Indians and brought in

acknowledges that "they could not four Prifoners, one of which was

well have lived without him." beheaded. Our Army came Home

at Night, [having] killed feven and

--" Perhaps John Bennct, fome brought in nine more. Young and

Time of Beverly ; it fo his Name Old."

did not come to the knowledge of -'-- The natal Name of this In-

Mr. Stone the Hillorian of that dian has not been learned. He

Town. had lived among the Englilh and

'•^-'i The Operations of the 14th learned the Mafon's Trade, and

are thus given in Capt. Oliver's hence his Name Stotie-lnyer, Stone-

Narrative : "Dec. 14th, our layer-John, Stone- Wall-John, &c.

5o] with the India7is i?i New-England. 141

intimating their Willingnefs to have Peace with
the Enghfh, yet could the MelTenger hardly for-
bear threatning, vapouring of their Numbers and
Strength ; adding withal, that the Englifli durft
not fight them : whatever were pretended by
this treacherous Fellow, fome of his Crew, as he
went Home, met with fome of Capt. Gardners
Men, that were ftragling about their own Bufi-
nefs contrary to Order, and flew his Sergeant,
with one or two more. Two alfo of Capt. Ol-
ivers Men were killed in like Manner, a folemn
Warning for Soldiers not to be too Venterous in
an Enemies Country. For preventing the like
Mifchief upon other Companies, more care was
taken as they palfed to the Head-quarters, fome
of the Companies being lodged three Miles there-
from. Capt. Mofelys, Capt. 'Davenports, and
Capt. Olivers Company, being alfo fent about
that Time to bring Major Applet ons Company to
the general Quarters : a few defperate Indians
creeping under a ftone Wall near the Place, fired
twenty or thirty Guns at Mojely in particular, a
Commander well known amongft them ; but the
Reft of the Company running down upon them,
killed one of them, and fcattered the Reft.^-^

When the War broke out he joined rand ; that wee might fpeak with

the War Party, and was of great Sachims. That Evening he not

Service to them in ereding their being gone a Quarter of an Houre,

Forts. See Bcijk of the Indians, [when] his Company that lay hid

261-2. behind a Hill of our Quarters,

'•■-•^"Dec. 15th, came in John, killed two Salem Men within a

a Rogue, with a Pretence of Peace, Mile of our Quarters, and wounded

and was difmiffcd with [this] Er- a Third [fo] that he is dead ; and

142 A Narrative of the Troubles [51

The next Day Capt. Prentice with his Troop,
being fent to PeteqiuinJ'cut, returned with the lad
News of burning of "Jerry Bulls Garrifon-houfe,
and kilHng ten Englifh men and five Women
and Children, but two efcaping in all. This is
the Chance of War, which they who undertake,
muft prepare to undergo.^-''-

The next Day brought from the fame Place
a little better News, though not enough to ba-
lance the Sorrow of the former, viz. That Con-
neBicut Forces were come thither with three
hundred Englifli, and an hundred and fifty Mo-
hegins, ready fixed to war on the Behalf of the
Englilh again ft the Narhaganfets their mortal
Enemies ; and by the Way meeting a Party of
the Enemy, they flew five or fix of them, and
took as many [51] Prifoners.--^ The whole
Number of all our Forces being now come, the
Want of Provifion with the Sharpnefs of the

at a Houfe three Miles off, where I —^ A want of Watchfulnefs was

had ten Men, they killed two of probably the Caufe of this fad

them. Inftantly Capt. Mofely, Butchery. The Houfe was ofStone,

myfelf, and Capt. Gardner were and might cafily have been defcnd-

fent to fetch in Major Appletons ed ; but the People probably thought

Company, that kept three Miles the Prefence of the x'\rmy warrant-

and a half off; and coming, they ed Security. No Comments are

[the Enemy] lay behind a Stone indulged in by Writers of the Time.
Wall and fired on us in fight of the --'' " Dec. 17th came News that

Garrifon. We killed the Captain Conncfticut Forces were at Peta-

that killed one of the Salem Men fquamfcut, killed four Indians and

and had his Cap. On that Night took fix Prifoners. That Day we

they burnt Jerry [Jirth] Bull's fold Capt. Davenport forty feven

Houfe, and killed fevcnteen Per- Indians, young and old, for eighty

fens. Oliver's Narrative, above Pounds in Mony." Oliver's Nar-

cited. rative.

5i] with the India?7s i7i New-Engiand, 143

Cold, minded them of Expedition ; wherefore
the very next Day, the whole Body of the Maf-
Jachufets and Plimouth Forces marched away to
Pettiquamfcot, intending to engage the Enemy
upon the liril: Opportunity that next offered itfelf :
To the which Refolution thofe of Connecticut
prefently confented, as foon as they met together,
which was about five a Clock in the Afternoon :
Bulls Houfe intended for their general Rendez-
vouz, being unhappily burnt down two or three
Days before, there was no Shelter left either for
Officer or private Soldier, fo as they were ne-
ceflitated to march on towards the Enemy through
the Snow in a cold ftormy Evening, finding no
other Defence all that Night, lave the open Air,
nor other Covering than a cold and moift Fleece
of Snow/^^ Through all thefe Difficulties they
marched from the break of the next Day, De~
cember i()th^ till one of the Clock in the After-
noon, without either Fire to warm them, or
Refpite to take any Food fave what they could
chew in their March. Thus having waded four-
teen or fifteen Mile through the Country of the
old Queen, or Sunke Squaw"^ oi Narhaganjet ; they

2- "Dec, 1 8th, we marched to an extream hard Froft, fo that fome

Pcttaquamfcott with all our Forces, of our Men were frozen in their

only a Garrifon left. That Night Hands and Feet, and thereby dif-

was very fnowy. We lay a thou- abled from Service." Chronicle,

fand in the open Field that long 47.

Night. In the Morning, Dec. 19th, --"She was "a Woman of great
Lords Dr.y, at 5 a Clock, we march- Power," as is afferted in fome Re-
ed." Oliver's Narrative. "Snow cords, the Wife of a Chief known
two or three foot dep, and withal under different Names, as Mrikjah^

14-4- ^ Narrative of the Troubles [51

came at one a Clock upon the Edg of the Swamp,
where their Guide allured them they fliould find
Indians enough before Night. --^

Our Forces chopping thus upon the Seat of
the Enemy, upon the fudden, they had no Time
either to draw up in any order or form of Battel,
nor yet Opportunity to confult where or how to
AlTault. As they marched, Capt. Mofely and Capt.
Davenport led the Van ; Major Appleton and Capt.
Oliver brought up the Reer of the MalTachufet
Forces; General tVinJIow wiih. the Pli?nouth Forces
marched in the Centre ;-^9 thofe of ConneBkut
came up in the Reer of the whole Body : But
the Frontiers difcerning Indians in the Edg of
the Swamp, iired immediately upon them, who
anfwering our Men in the fame Language, re-
tired prefently into the Swamp ; our Men followed
them in amain without ftaying for the Word of
Command, as if every one were ambitious who
fliould go firft, never making any Stand till they
came to the Sides of the Fort, into which the
Indians that firft fired upon them betook them-
felves.

Mixano, Meika, Sec. Ninigret was 2-i« " ^/^bout Noon they came to

her Brother. Mrikjhh was the old- a large Swamp, which by Rcafon of

elt Son of Canonicus, and was Chief the Froft all the Night before, they

Sachem after the Death of his Fa- were capable of going over (which

ther. The Old ^een had fevcral elfe they could not have done) they

Names, as Ouaiape7i, Matanttick, forthwith in one Body entered the

Sunk Squazo, Sec. She was killed Swamp." Chronicle, 47.

in the Courfc of the War. See '--"The General vifitcd Bofton

Book of the Indians, z\%. on his Way to the Field. Benj.

52] withthe Indians in New-England. 145

It feems that there was but one Entrance into
the Fort, though the Enemy found many Ways
to come out ; but neither the Engli£h nor their
Guide well knew on which Side the Entrance
lay, nor was it ealie to have made another ;
wherefore the good Providence of Almighty God
is the more to be acknowledged, who as he led
Ifrael fometime by the Pillar of Fire, and the
Cloud of his Prefence a right Way through the
Wildernefs ; fo did he now diredt our Forces
upon that Side of the Fort, where [52] they might
only enter, though not without utmoft Danger
and Hazard. The Fort was raifed upon a Kind
of Ifland of five or fix Acres of rifing Land in the
midfi: of a Swamp ; the fides of it were made of
Palifadoes fet upright, the which was compalfed
about with an Hedg of almofi: a rod Thicknefs,
through which there was no pafling, unlefs they
could have fired away through, which then they
had no Time to do. ^3° The Place where the
Indians ufed ordinarily to enter themfelves, was
over a long Tree upon a Place of Water, where

Church accornpanicd him as a Vot- round through the Country with his

luntccr Aid-de-Camp, and his Nar- Army." Church, Ent. HiJtory,^6.

ration of the Events of the Expcdi- -^o " j^ the Midft of the Swamp

tion is well known. *' Having rode was a Piece of firm Land, of about

with the General to Bofton, and three or four Acres, whereon the

from thence to Rehoboth, upon the hidians had built a kind of Fort,

Generals Requeft he went thence being palifado'd round, and within

the neareil: Way over the Ferries, that a clay Wair, as alfo felled down

with Major Smith, to his Garrifon abundance of Trees to lay quite

in the Narraganfet Country, to pre- round the faid Fort, but they had

pare and provide for the coming of not quite finiflied the faid Work."

General Winflow, who marched Chronicle, 47.

X

14-6 A Naf^rative of the Troubles [52

but one Man could enter at a time, and which
was fo way-laid, that they would have been cut
off that had ventured there : But at one Corner
there was a Gap made up only with a long Tree,
about four or five foot from the Ground, over
which Men might ealily pafs : But they had
placed a Kind of Block-houfe right over againft
the faid Tree, from whence they forely galled
our Men that firft entred ; fome being fliot dead
upon the Tree, as Capt. 'John/on, and fome as
foon as they entred, as was Capt. Davenport, ~^^ fo
as they that firft entred were forced prefently to
retire and fall upon their Bellies till the Fury of
the Enemies fliot was pretty well fpent, which
fome Companies that did not difcern the Danger,
not obferving, loft fundry of their Men ; but at
the laft, two Companies being brought up be-
lides the four that iirft marched up, they animated
one another to make another Affault, one of the
Commanders crying out. They run, they run;
which did fo encourage the Soldiers, that they
prefently entred amain. -3- After a conliderable
Number were well entred, they prefently beat the
Enemy out of a Flanker on the left Hand, which*

'-31 Capt. Nathaniel Davenport of his Lieutenant, to him, gave him his

Bofton. He was mortally wounded Gun, and committed to him the

after entering the Fort ; receiving Command of his Company. HiJ-

at once three fatal Wounds. Being tory and Antiquities of Bo Jl on, 413,
drcfled in a full buft" Suit, it was

fuppofed the Indians took him for '-'^'~ The firft to enter the Fndian
the Commander-in-Chief, many Fort was John Raymond of Middle-
aiming at him at once. Before he borough, a Soldier. See Hijlory
expired he called Edward Tyng, and Antiquities of B0JI071, ib.

^^'j withthelndiajts in New-England, 147

did a little flicker our Men from the Enemies
Shot till more Company came up, and fo by de-
grees made up higher, iirft into the Middle, and
then into the upper End of the Fort, till at laft
they made the Enemy all retire from their Sconces
and fortified Places, leaving Multitudes of their
dead Bodies upon the Place. ConneBicut Soldiers
marching up in the Rear, being not aware of the
dangerous Paffage over the Tree, in Command
of the Block-houfe, were at their firfh Entrance
many of them fliot down, although they came on
with as gallant Refolution as any of the reft, under
the Conduct of their wife and valiant Leader,
Major Threat.

The Brunt of the Battel, or Danger that day lay
moft upon the Commanders, whofe Part it was
to lead on their feveral Companies in the very
Face of Death, or elfe all had been loft ; fo as all
of them with great Valour and Refolution of
Mind, as not at all afraid to die in fo Good a Caufe,
bravely led on their Men in that defperate AfTault,
leaving their Lives in the Place as the beft Tefti-
mony of their Valour, and of Love to the Caufe
of God and their Country : No lefs than fix
brave Captains fell [53] that Day in the AfTault,
viz. Capt. Davenport^ Capt. Gardner,''^^ Capt.

23--3 The Fall of Capt. Gardner is Capt. Gardner fettled down, I ftep-

thus touchingly related by Church: ped to him, and feeing the Blood

" Seeing Capt. Gardner of Salem, run down his Cheek, lifted up his

a midft the Wigwams in the Eaft Cap, called him by his Name. He

End of the Fort, I made towards looked up in my Face but fpake not

him ; but on a fudden, while we a Word, being mortally fhot through

were looking each other in the Face, the Head," Entertaining Hifi., 58.

14-8 A Narrative of the Troubles [53

Joh?ifon of the Majfaclmfets, befides Lieutenant
\Jpha77J^"'>^ who died fome Months after of his
Wounds received at that Time. Capt. Gallop
alfo, and Capt. Siely, and Capt. Marjhal were
llain of thofe that belonged to ConneBicut Colony.
It is ufually feen that the Valour of the Soldiers
is much wrapped up in the Lives of their Com-
manders ; yet was it found here, that the Soldiers
were rather enraged than difcouraged by the Lofs
of their Commanders, which made them redouble
their Courage, and not give back after they were
entred the fecond Time, till they had driven out
their Enemies : So as after much Blood and
many Wounds dealt on both Sides, the Eng-
Ufh feeing their Advantage, began to fire the
Wigwams, where was fuppofed to be many of
the Enemies Women and Children deftroyed, by
the firing of at leaft five or fix hundred of thofe
fmoaky Cells.

It is reported by them that firfi: entred the In-
dians Fort, that our Soldiers came upon them
when they were ready to drefs their Dinner ; but
one fudden and unexped:ed Alfault put them be-
fides that Work, making their Cookrooms too
hot for them at that Time, when they and their
Mitchin fryed together : and probably fome of
them eat their Suppers in a colder Place that

•23 1 j^p ^^^^ the following Odobcr, The dilVinguiflicd Gentlemen of that

at Maiden. With other Wounded Name in New Hampfliire and Maf-

he was carried to Rhode Ifland in fachufetts are his Defcendants. See

January, and fome time after to JJpham Family Hi/lory, by A. G.

MafTachufetts. His age was 41. Upham, M. D., 1845, p. 30-I.

53] w/'M the Indians in New-England. 149

Night : mofl: of their Provilions as well as their
Hutts being then confumed with Fire ; and thofe
that were left alive, forced to hide themfelves in
a Cedar Swamp, not far off, where they had no-
thing to defend them from the Cold but Boughs
of Spruce and Pine Trees : for after two or three
Hours fight, the Englifli became Mafters of the
Place ; but not judging it tenable, after they had
burned all they could fet Fire upon, they were
forced to retreat, after the Day-light was almoft
quite fpent, and were neceffitated to retire to their
Quarters, full fifteen or fixteen Miles off, fome
fay more, whither with their dead and wounded
Men they were to march, a Difficulty fcarce to
be believed, as not to be paralleld almoft in any
former Age.-35

It is hard to fay who acquitted themfelves beft
in that Days Service, either the Soldiers for their
manlike Valour in fighting, or the Commanders for

-"^^ Church exerted himfelfagainft ftanch his Blood." The General
the Pohcy then adopted of abandon- had ah-eady adopted Church's Ad-
ing the Fort, and argued that many vice, and was about to ride into the
of the Wounded might be faved, if Fort himfelf; but as he was enter-
ic were held. He himfelf was badly ing the Swamp, one of his Captains
wounded, being ftruck by three feized his Horfe, faying he ihould
Balls; "one in his Thigh, which not expofe himfelf, and if he did
was near half cut ofF as it glanced on not defiit he would fhoot his Horfe
the Joiat of his hip bone." His under him. Thus it feems the
Advice was violently oppofed by General was not Commander-in-
" a certain Doftor, who looking Chief, only in Name. Doubtlefs
upon Mr. Church, and feeing the the jealoufy of this Captain and
Blood flow apace from his Wounds, fome others, had been excited owing
told him that if he gave fuch Advice, to the Confidence the General had
he fliould bleed to death like a Dog, placed in Mr. Church's Judgment,
before they would endeavor to Entertaining Hijiory, 61-2.

150 A Narrative of the T'roubles [54

their Wifdom and Courage; leading on in the very
Face of Death. There might one have feen the
whole Body of that little regimental Army, as
buiie as Bees in a Hive, fome bravely fighting
with the Enemy, others haling off, and carrying
away the Dead and wounded Men ; which I
rather note, that none may want the due Tefti-
mony of their Valour and Faithfulnefs, though
all ought to fay, Not unto us, but unto thy Name,
O Lord, ^c.

For though there might not be above three or
four hundred at any [54] Time within the Fort
at once, yet the Reft in their Turns came up to
do what the Exigence of the Service required in
bringing off the dead and wounded Men : The
Major of the Majfachufets Regiment,-^^ together
with Capt. Mofely, was very ferviceable ; for by
that Means the Fort being clear of the dead
Bodies, it ftruck a greater Terrour into the En-
emy, to fee but eight or ten dead Bodies ot the
Englifh left, than to meet with fo many hundreds
of their own flain and wounded Carkalfes. The
Number of the Slain was not then known on the
Enemies Side, becaufe our Men were forced to
leave them on the ground : but our Victory was
found afterwards to be much more Confiderable
than at the Firft was apprehended ; for although

-3^ Major Samuel Appleton, who, was a Neighbor and Parifliioncr of

moft probably furniflied the Author the Author. His Pollerity are

with many of the Fads here re- quite numerous and highly rcfpcfta-

cordcd, as alfo with many others ble. The late eminent Merchants,

refpefting Tranfadions in which he Samuel and Nathan Appleton, of

was immediately concerned. He Bofton were among them.

54] "with the India^is in New-R7t gland, 151

our Lofs was very great, not only becaufe of the
Defperatenefs of the Attempt it felf (in fuch a
feafon of the Year, and at fuch a Diftance from
our Quarters, whereby many of our wounded
Men periflied, which might otherwife have been
preferved, if they had not been forced to march
fo many Miles in a cold and fnowy Night, before
they could be dreired)-37 yet the Enemy loft fo
many of their principal fighting Men, their Pro-
vifion alfo was by the burning of their Wigwams,
fo much of it fpoiled at the taking of their Fort,=3S
and by furprizing fo much of their Corn about
that Time alfo, that it was the Occaiion of their
total Ruine afterwards ; they being at that Time
driven away from their Habitations, and put by
from planting for that next Year, as well as de-
prived of what they had in Store for the prefent
Winter. What Numbers of the Enemy were
flain is uncertain ; it was confeiTed by one Potock
a great Councillor amongft them, afterwards
taken at Road-Ijland, and put to Death at Bojion,
that the Indians loft feven hundred fighting Men
that Day, befides three hundred that died of their
Wounds the moft of them ; the Number of old

237 This may be taken as a ^38 Chiefly deftroyed, doubdefs.

Proof of the Soundnefs of Mr. after Church's Advice had been

Church's Judgment. What of the overruled. In the Chronicle it is

Indians not killed were driven out; faid there were " near looo Wig-

" The Wigwams were Mufket- warns. How many were burnt they

proof, being all lined with Bafkets could not tell, only, that they

and Tubs of Grain and other Pro- marched above three Miles from

vifions, fufficient to fupply the whole the Fort by the Light of the Fin-s."

Army until the Spring of the Year. Page a^g. The Reader may be com-

Church, 6 1. pelled to reinforce his Credulity.

152 A Narrative of the Troubles [54

Men, Women and Children, that periflied either
by Fire, or that were ftarved with Hunger and
Cold, None of them could tell. -39 There were
above eighty of the Englilh llain, and a hundred
and fifty wounded that recovered afterwards. ^"i^"

There were feveral Circumftances in this Vic-
tory very remarkable.

Firjl, The Meeting with one Feter a fugitive
Indian, that upon fome Difcontent, flying from
the Narhaganfets, offered himfelf to the Service
of the Englilli, and did faithfully perform what
he promifed, viz. to lead them to the Swamp
where the Indians had feated themfelves within a
Fort raifed upon an Ifland of firm Earth, in the
Midft of a Swamp, whither None of the Eng-
lifli could have piloted them, without his AlTift-
ance, the Place being near eighteen Miles from
the Place where they were quartered. -"^^

Secondly, Their being by a fpecial Providence

-•"^ ' It has been pretty confidently Killed and Wounded of thofe be-

aflerted by later Hiftorians that this longing to Maffachufetts. Thofe

Eftimate is quite too large. Doubt- amounted to ninety-three. See Hif-

Icfs the Delh-uftion of the Old and /(jrj and Antiquities Bojion, 414.
Infirm of both Sexes, and of the -^' A Writer in the Chronicle

Young was very great, as no Quar- gives a very different Account of

ter was fhown to Any. Ninigret's this Peter from that by others.

Men buried the Slain, who affirmed " Some of the Souldiers accidentally

that among them were 22 Indian efpied an Indian alone, whom they

Captains. See Mather, Brief Hij- took and carried to the General,

tory, 108. Alfo Table, No. 19. who, upon his 'Refufal to anfwer

24U No complete Lift of the Sol- Oueftions demanded, was ordered
diers engaged in the. Narraganfet to be hanged forthwith. There-
Expedition has ever been publillied, upon the Indian, to fave his Life,
fo far as 1 know. With much Labor told them where the whole Body of
1 colledled and publifficd a Lift of the Indians were." Page 62,

55] 'with the htdians in New- England, 153

dire6ted juft to a Place [ss\ where they found fo
eafie Entrance ; which if they had miffed, they
could never have made a Way through the Hedg,
w^ith vi^hich they had furrounded the Pallifadoes
of the Fort in half a Days Time.

And Thirdly, If they had entred by the Way
left by the Indians for Palfage, they might have
been cut off before they could have come near
their Fortification.

Lajily, In direding their Motion, to begin the
Affault juft at the Day they did : for if they had
defered but a Day longer, there fell fuch a Storm
of Snow the next Day, that they could not have
palled through it in divers Weeks after : And then
on the Sudden there fell fuch a Thaw, that
melted away both Ice and Snow ; fo that if they
had deferred till that Time, they could have
found no Palfage into their fortified Place.-'^-

All which Confiderations put together, make
it a fignal Favour of God to carry them through
fo many Difficulties to accompliili their defired
End. For after they were retired to their Quar-
ters, but fixteen Miles from that Place, there was
fo great Want of Provifion,-'^^ the Vefi^els being

-^-Dr. I. Mather mentions this -■'3 *' But it mercifully came to

great Thaw, as happening " in the pafs, that Capt. Andrew Belcher

Midft of January. The like arrived at Mr. Smith's that very

Weather hath rarely been known Night from Bofton with a Veflel

in this Land at that Time of the laden with Provifions for the Army,

Year ; albeit fome of the firft which muft otherwife have perifhed

Planters fay it was fo above fifty for Want." — Church, 62. Quite

Years ago." — Brief HiJIory, 114. a diiagreement with our Author.

Y

154 A Narrative of the Troubles [55

frozen in at the Harbour about Cape Cod, that
fliould have brought them Relief, and the Froft
and Snow fet in fo violently, that it was not poffi-
ble for them, with all the Force they could make
(fo many of their ableft Soldiers being llain and
wounded) to have made another Onfet : But the
Goodnefs of Almighty God was moft of all to be
admired, that notwithftanding all the Hardfliip
they endured that Winter, in very cold Lodgings,
hard Marches, Scarcity of Provilion, yet not one
Man was known to dye by any Difeafe or bodily
Diftemper, fave them that perifhed of their
Wounds.

Our Forces being compelled by the forefaid
Occalions, to lye ftill fome Weeks after, hoped
alfo that the Enemy fo forely broken, would
gladly have fued for Peace : But as was faid of
old, God hardned their Hearts to their own Ruifie and
DeJiruBion afterwards. For as foon as our Sol-
diers were able to march, finding that all the
Enemies Overtures of Peace, and prolonging of
Treaties, was only to gain Time that they might
get away into the Woods, They purfued after
them, and fometimes came upon their Rear, but
then they would immediately fly an hundred
Ways at once into Swamps, fo as our Men could
not follow them ; or if they did, could not fee
two of them together ; fo that now there was
little Good like to be done, unlefs they could take
them at fome Advantage. At length having
fpent all their Provifion, and tiring themfelves in

5 6] with the Indians in New-Rngla7id. 155

purfuing of them fixty or feventy Miles, up
through the Woods towards Malborough and L,an-
cajier. Towns that lye in the Road to Con?ieSlicut,
having killed and taken near feventy of them, our
Soldiers were ordered to [56] return towards
Bo/ion, to recruit themfelves, fuppofing that the
NarhagaJifetSy and thofe with them, were fo en-
feebled that they would have no Mind fuddenly
to aflault any of the Englifli Towns.

If any delire a more particular Account of the
Lofs which we fuftained at the taking of the
Narhaganfet Fort, T>ece?nber 19. 1675, they may
take it as here it follows.

Befides the lix Captains mentioned before, that
either were flain in the AlTault, or dyed after-
wards of their Wounds, to whom may be reck-
oned Lieut. IJpham, that dyed lately at Bojion^-^^
of the Wounds he then received.

iyiz]OY Appleton 3.\ 1 22.

There were llain I Capt. Mofely 9. J I 10.
out of the Com- ICapt. Oliver 5.^ Wound- ) i o.

pany belonging jCapt. Gardner j.( ed jii.

to (Capt. John/on 3.| [n.

\Capt. Davenport ^.j \i^.

in all, 31. in all, 79.

'^" He is fuppofed by his Biogra- Expedition. He ferved under Capt.
pher to have died in Maiden. Being Wayte; and foon after Capt. Hutch-
interred there the Conclufion was infon's defeat went into the Nipmuck
natural. — See Ante, Note, 234. Country with Capt. Gorham, and
Lieutenant Upham had feen feme fcouted it in various Diredions, but
Service before he went in this fatal could not find the Enemy.

156 A Narrative of the Troubles [56

'Of New Haven Company, 20.
Of Capt. Siely his Company, 20.
There were flain\ Of Capt. Wats\{\% Company, 17,
and wounded (Of Capt. M^zr/7W his Co., -"^5 14.
'of the PUmouth Company
under Major Bradford and
^Capt. Gora??t,'^^^ 20.

In all 91.

If there had not been fo great a Diftance be-
tween the Place of the Fight and their Quarters,
and fo much Cold attending them in their re-
tiring thereunto, fome better Account might have
been given of that Expedition, than now they
were able to do. For a March of fixteen or
eighteen Miles is too much to breathe a frefh
Soldier, unlefs he were well mounted, but enough
to kill the Heart of them that had been wearied
with a long and tedious Fight. As for the Coldnefs
of the Weather, although it be a good Befom to
fweep the Chamber of the Air (which might be
the Reafon there was no more Difeafes amongft
them) yet it is an unwelcome Companion to

'-'■'■J On the Records of Windfor, with Judge Davis, the Editor of

Conn., are recorded the Names of Morton's Memorial, in 1830, he

Samuel Marfhall, Edward Chapman, remarked, that " Capt. Gorham was

Ebenczer Dibble, Nathaniel Pond, of Barnllable ; that Benjamin Gor-

and Richard Saxton, " that went ham, the prefent Member of Con-

againll the Indians and were wound- grefs from this State, is a Defcend-

ed that they dyed. It was on Dec. ant. So is Mr. J. G. Palfrey, the

19th, 1675." — Extract by Horatio Minifter of Brattle Street. They

N. Otis, Efq. have it in Contemplation to find his

-I' John Gorham. He fell fick Grave, and to e reft a Monument

on the March and died of a Fever, over it. The Place of his burial is

Feb. 5th, 1676. In a Converfation faid to be in Swanzey."

^y~\ withthehtdiansof New-R?2gla7id. 157

wearied, efpecially to wounded Men, in fo long
a Retreat.-+7

But the Want of Provifion falling in Conjunc-
tion with the Unfeafonablenefs of the Weather,
and Length of the Way, hindered our Forces
from \^']\ any new Attempt upon the Enemy,
which if they could have attended, it was thought
it might have put an End to our Troubled ; but
he that holdeth the Scales of Vidlory in his Hand,
turneth them to which Side, and by what De-
grees pleafeth himfelf beft.

The reft of the Winter was fpent in fruitlefs
Treaties about a Peace : both Sides being well
wearied with the late defperate Fight, were will-
ing to refrefli themfelves the remaining Part of
the Winter, with the fhort Slumber of a pre-
tended Peace, at leaft with a Talk or Dream
thereof: our Commanders Aim therein was
Chriftian and good, if it had proceeded, fc. to
have prevented the ftiedding of more Blood.-+^

-'"This may be taken as a good — Trumbull, Hijhry ofConne^icut,

Endorfement by a fhrewd Hiftorian i, 352. Chronicle, 57.
of the Judgment of Mr. Church.

On the Return of the Army to -^"^ " On the 23d and 24th of

Smith's Garrifon, a Writer in the December, the Indians fent fome

Chro?iicle [-iy?.: " The noble Gen- CommifTioners to our General, to

cral gave Order that the Wounded treat of Peace, which they had no

and Sick fhould firft of all be cared Mind to conclude; but we foon

for.'' Page 50. "The General perceived it was only to prevent our

himfelf lay in a Barn." Page 51. falling upon them, and to gain more

Meanwhile the Connefticut Men Time to remove their Army and

under Major Treat, for Want of Provifions twenty Miles farther into

Provifions, returned homeward. On the Country, to fome Rocks where

their March they killed and cap- we could not get at them without

turcd fome thirty of the Enemy, much Danger." — Chronicle, 57.

158 A Narrative of the Troubles [57

And poffibly fome of the elder and wifer of the
Enemy, did really delire what was pretended by
them all (for they had now full Proof of the
Valour and Refolution of the EngliJIi, which fome
of them upon former SuccelTes might be ready to
queftion) and they could not but fee their De-
ftrudlion already begun, in the Lofs of their
Dwellings, and all their Provifion, as well as the
Slaughter of the beft Part of their fighting Men ;
but either through Confcioufnefs of their bar-
barous Treachery and Falfehood, they could not
truft others,-'^9 and fo were willing to run the
utmoft Hazard, as People hardned to their own
Deftrudiion. The particular Palfages of the
Treaty being carried on by the Enemy only in
Pretence, and by our Men (that foon difcerned
the Fraud) rather out of Neceffity, to conceal
their Incapacity of engaging them anew, than
any real Expectation of a good EfFed:, are not
worthy the relating.^^o However, though the
Foot were unable to do any Service in the Depth
of the Snow, and Sharpnefs of the Cold, the Horfe
was lent out upon all Occafions to fcout about
the Country, who brought in daily much of the
Enemies Corn and Beans, which they had hid in
Barns and under the Ground, or at leaft kept
them from making ufe of their own Provifion, or

•^49 That is, they could not trull: mulgated, and had not been re-

to the Mercy of the Englifh, be- fcinded or modified.
caufe the Decree of Death to all

thofe who had been guilty of join- -■^'^' To what Overtures the Author

ing in the Rebellion had been pro- has Reference is uncertain.

58] with the htdians in New-Engla?2d. 159

fpoiling the Englifli Cattel ; now and then alfo
bringing in Prifoners from their Quarters, as they
were ftragling about to get Victuals.

On the twenty feventh of December, Captain
Frenticc was fent into Pomhams Coimtry,-^'' where
they burnt near an hundred Wigwams, but found
never an Indian in any of them.

On the 2^th of December, a Squaw was" fent to
them, who had been taken in the Fight, with a
Proffer of Peace, if they would fubmit to fuch
Terms as were propounded ; the Principal of
which was. The delivering up of all Philips In-
dians that were with them ; The Squaw returned
not, pretending that fhe was lame and unable to
come again ; but the thirtieth of December, an
Indian came from the Sachims with feeming
Thanks for the Peace proffered ; yet complained
we made War upon them, and gave [58] them
no Notice ; but his Mouth was loon flopped by
the Anfwer which was made him : he owned, as
the Squaw had faid before, that they loft three
hundred of their beft fighting Men, and fo did
two Prifoners of theirs taken January the \th,
whereof one being of Philips Company, was put
to death. The Meffenger that was fent was fairly
difmilfed with the exprefs mention of what Terms
they muft exped: if they defired a Peace.

Jan. 7. There came two Meffengers from
them, as they faid, to make way for a Treaty of
Peace ; who laid the Blame upon Canonchet, that

-■'^' In and about the prefent Town of Warwick, Rhode Illand.

i6o A Narrative of the Troubles [58

came down to BaJio?2 in OBober lafi:,-5- to confirm
the Peace with the Commiffioners of the United
Colonies, as if he had mif-informed them, viz.
That they were not by the former Treaty to have
deUvered up the Wampanoogs, or Philips Indians,
until the faid Canonchets Brother, one of the Hof-
tages at Hartford, was releafed. This was but a
mere Pretence, for he and they too, better under-
ftood the Particulars of the Agreement : For by
Chance, the Articles which they had of the Peace
concluded with them, were found open (whether
purpofely or accidentally, was not known) in a
Wigwam in the Fort when it was taken, fo as
they could not be ignorant of the Article? of the
Agreement.

"Jan. 5. An Englifh Child of about three or
four Years old, taken from Warwick, was fent in
to put the better Pretence upon the Treaty men-
tioned.

Jan. 8. The Melfengers were fent back, and
told what they muft truft to. In the Afternoon
a Melfenger came from Ninigret the old Sachim
of Narhaganfet,"^^ who brought a Letter from
Mr. Stanton the Interpreter, fignifying the Reality
of the faid Ninigret his Friendfhip to the Englifli,
and the Streights of the Enemy; that Corn was

-■^^Ihavcgivcn an Abftraflof the gret's Seat was in what is fince

Treaty referred to here in the Book Wefterly, R. I , formerly a Part of

of the Indians, 231. Stonington. Its Indian Name was

'-'■''•■' He is ufually ftylcd Sachem Mifquamicock, or Mijquamicut. —

ofthe Nianticks. But the Nianticks Parlons, Indian Names, 15. Ar-

werca TribcofNarraganfets. Nini- nold, Hiji. Rhode IJland, \, 276. ■

59] "^ith thelndians in New- England. 1 6 1

two Shillings a Pint with them. Yet notwith-
ftanding all their Difficulties, they rather delayed
the Time till they could get away, than really
endeavoured the making a Peace, as was foon
manifeft: for that young infolent Sachim Canon-
chet, and Pmioquin,'^^'^ laid they would fight it out
to the laft Man, rather than they would become
Servants to the Englifli.

Jan. ID. Frefli Supplies of Soldiers came up
from Bojion^ wading through a fliarp Storm of
Snow, that bit fome of them by the Heels with
the Froft/55 The next Day one that came with
them, going out with the Scouts fell amongft the
Indian-Barns, in one of which he was groping to
find Corn for the Relief of his Horfe, he catched
hold of an Indians Hair under the Leaves, who
prefently held ,up his Hands when the Soldier
was drawing his Sword, to fpare his Life, which
was granted ; but after he was brought to the
Head Quarters he would own nothing but what
[59] was forced out of his Mouth, by the Wool-
ding^s6 of his Head with a Cord ; wherefore he
was prefently judged to die as a Wampanoog.

Jan. 12. Another Mellenger came from Ca-
nonicus, defiring the Space of a Month longer,
wherein to ilfue the Treaty, which fo provoked
the Commander of our Forces, that they refolved

25 1 The fame elfcwhere. called to raife a thoufand Men more to

Quinnapin. He was Son of a noted attend the General, which will fud-

Chief named Conjanaqmnd, and a denly march ; What the lilue will

Brother-in-law to King Philip. — be the Lord only knows." Chro-

See Book of the Indians, 239, 241 nick, 51.

'^'^■^ A Letter dated February 9th, -'''' Winding a Cord tightly round

1675-6, fays: " Care is now taken the Head. A naval Term.

z

i62 A Narrative of the Troubles [59

to have no more Treaties with the Enemy, but
prepare to alTault them, with Gods Affiftance, as
Ibon as ever the Seafon would permit ; and it was
high Time to take up that Refolution ; for within
a few Days after, they underftood by fome that
were taken Prifoners, that the Enemy were gone,
or going into the Nipmunk Country.

Within a few Days after, about Jan. 1 6th, the
Scouts brought in one Jojhua Tift, a Renegado
EngHlli man of Providence, that upon fome
Difcontent amongft his Neighbours, had turned
Indian, married one of the Indian Squaws, re-
nounced his Religion, Nation and natural Parents
all at once, fighting againft them. He was taken
by Captain Fenner of Providence, who with fome
of his Neighbours were purfuing fome Indians
that had driven away their Cattel. This Tift
being one of the Company, was wounded in the
Knee, and fo was feized by the Englifh ; he had
in his Habit conformed himfelf to them amongft
whom he lived. After Examination, he was
condemned to die the Death of a Traytor. As
to his Religion he was found as ignorant as an
Heathen, which no doubt caufed the fewer Tears
to be filed at his Funeral ; Standers by being un-
willing to lavifli Pity upon him that had divefted
himfelf of Nature itfelf, as well as Religion, in a
Time when fo much Pity was needed elfewhere,
and nothing left befides wherewith to relieve the
Sufferers. -57

-■^" Could there have been a fair might have had a different Account
Court-martial upon the Vidim, wc of Tilt, See Roger Williams' Let-

6o] with the Indians ift New-England. 163

Jan. 21. Capt. Pr^;?//*:^ his Troop being abroad
met with a Party of the^ Enemy, of whom they
took two Prifoners, and killed nine, in which
Exploit fomething hapned very remarkable ; for
one IV. Dodge'^^^ of Salem, riding in Company with
another Friend, they hapned to meet with two
Indians. The laid Dodge being better horfed than
his Friend, made after the foremoft, leaving his
Friend to deal with the hindmofl ; but his Piftol
miffed firing ; whereupon the Indian taking him
by the Leg turn'd him off his Horfe, and getting
upon him was about killing him with his Knife,
which W. Dodge by chance efpied, and came time
enough to refcue his Friend, and difpatch the
Indian lying upon him, and yet overtook the firft
Indian he was purfuing, time enough to do his
Bufinefs alfo : by that Means he did three good
Offices at once, faved the Life of one Friend, and
flew two of his Enemies. But within two or
three Days after, the Weather much altering from
what it was, induced our Forces to take the firft
Opportunity to purfue the Enemy, who as they
under.[6o]ftood by Meffengers from Providence,
were now upon their Flight into the Nipmuck-
Country : But fo many Difficulties were caff in

ters lately pnbliflied in Vol. 36, tion Tift does not appear to have

Majfachufetts Hiftorical CoUeStions^ been fuch a Wretch as he'e repre-

307,311. Mr. Williams attended fented. See alio Mather's Brief

the Examination of Tift, and took HiJIory, 108.

down his Replies to Queftions then -''^Probably William, Son of

put to him, the Subftance of which William Dodge, whom we find at

he embodied in a Letter to Gov. Salem, 1629. See Felt, HiJIory of

Leverctt. From that Communica- Salem, i, 99.

1 64 A Narrative of the Troubles [60

their Way, that they could not be ready time
enough to prevent the Mifchief they did at
Warwick, as they took their Farewell of their
Country :-59 For,

Jan. 27. They defpoiled Mr. Carpenter of two
hundred Sheep, and fifty Head of Neat Cattel, and
fifteen Horfes ; all which they drove along with
them, and were gone too far to be refcued before
our Forces fet out. Two that belonged to the
faid Carpenter were wounded,^^° and one of the
Enemies llain. As they marched after the Enemy,
they found a good Houfe burned, with a Barn
belonging to it. They perceived alfo that the
Enemy dealt much in Horfe-flefli, meeting with
no lefs than fixty Horfes Heads in one Place,
which they had left behind them : our Soldiers in
their Purfuit came upon their Reer, killed and took
about feventy of them, yet could never come to

•259 "'•fhe Winter being now broken Befides they took much Cattel from

up, and the Snow and Ice all gone, young Mr. Harris, and killed a

our Ariny, confifting in all of 1600 Negro-fervant of his." Chronicle,

Men, began their March to the 58. The young Mr. Harris was

Rocks, where the Indians were fled probably Mr. Andrew Harris, Son

for Protedftion ; but in their Way of William Harris who went to

they had Intelligence that 300 In- Providence with Roger Williams,
dians had been at Patuxit, an Eng- -'"'^ This may be an Error, for it

lifli Plantation on the Narraganfet will be feen by the laft Note, that

Bay, where they burnt Mr. Car- nothing is faid about any one's being

pentcr's Corn and Hay, and all his wounded ; and the Author of that

Houfe"; except his Dwelling-houfe, Information appears to have written

which likewife they had fet on Fire, from pcrfonal Knowledge. The Mr.

but it was again quenched bv fome Carpenter who met with fo large a

Englifhthatwereinit. Theylikewife Lofs, was probably William, Son of

drove away with them 1 80 Sheep, 50 William of Providence the Emi-

Head of large Cattle, and I 5 Horfes: grant.

6o] with the Indians in New-England. 165

charge them, for they would prefently betake
themfelves into Swamps, and not two of them run
together, fo as they faw it was an endlefs Work
to proceed further in the Chafe of fuch an Enemy ;
but our Forces having purfued them into the
Woods between Mar Iborough and Brookfield, in the
Road toward ConneSlicut, were conftrained to turn
down to Bojion in the Beginning of February^ for
want of Provifion both for themfelves and their
Horfes, which gave an Occafion to the Lofs of
thofe lelfer Towns that were deftroyed by the
Nipnet-Lidiansj who prefently joined with the
Ncirhaganfets upon their firft approach, as fliall
be related afterwards.

About the tenth of February next, fome hun-
dreds of the Indians, (whether Nipnets or Najha-
way-ri\^xv is uncertain) belonging to him they call
Sagaf?Jore Sa?n, and poffibly fome of the ftouteft
of the Narhaganjets that had efcaped the Winter-
brunt, fell upon Lane after, a fmall Village of about
fifty or fixty Families, and did much Mifchief,
burning moil: of the Houfes that were not Garrifon-
ed :-^' and which is mofl fad and awful to confider,
the Houfe of Mr. Row land/on, -^^- Minifter of the faid
Lancajier, which was Garrifoned with a compe-
tent Number of the Inhabitants ; yet the Forti-

-^' Two of the Praying Indians would liave faved Lancafter, and

had been fent out among the hof- perhaps other Towns,
tile Indians as Spies, by General - - Mr. Jofeph Rowlandfon —

Gookin, with the Approbation of Some Account o'i him in Felt's

Government. They gave Informa- Ipfwich, 74, Wifner's Hifiory Old

tion, which if it had been heeded, South, 84, and Allen, Biog. Diet.

1 66 A Narrative of the Troubles [6i

iication of the Houfe being on the Backfide,
doled up with Fire- wood, the Indians got fo near
as to fire a Leantoo, which burning the Houfe
imediately to the Ground, all the Perfons therein
were put to that hard Choice, either to perifli by
the Flames with the Houfe, or to yield them-
felves into the Hands of thofe cruel Salvages ;
which laft (confidering that a living Dog is better
than a dead Lion) they chofe, and fo were forty
two Perfons furprized by the Indians. Above
twenty of the Women and Children they carried
away Captive, a rueful Sped:acle to behold ; the
reft bemg Men, they killed in [6i] the Place, or
referved for further Mifery : and many of the reft
that were not llain in fighting, were killed in at-
tempting to efcape. The Minifter himfelf was
occalionally abfent, to leek Help from the Gov-
ernour, and Council to defend that Place, who
returning, was entertained with the tragical News
of his Wife and Children furprized, and being
carried away by the Enemies, and his Houfe
turned into Afhes ; yet it pleafed God lb to up-
hold his Heart, comforting himfelf in his God,
as David at Ziklag, that he would always fay, he
believed he fhould fee his Wife and Children again,
which did in like Manner foon come to pafs
within five or fix Months after ; all fave the
youngeft, which being wounded at the firft, died
foon after among the Indians.

And fuch was the Goodnefs of God to thofe
poor captive Women and Children, that they

6i] with the Indians in New-Engla72d. 167

found fo much Favour in the Sight of their Ene-
mies, that they offered no Wrong to any of their
Perfons, fave what they could not help, being in
many Wants themfelves; Neither did they offer
any uncivil Carriage to any of the Females, nor
ever attempted the Chaftity of any of them, either
being reftrained of God, as was Abimelech of old ;
or by fome accidental Caufe, which held them
from doing any Wrong in that Kind.^^^

Upon the Report of this Difafter, Capt. Wadf-
worth then at Marlborough with about forty refo-
lute Men, adventuring the refcuing of the Town
that was remaining ; and having recovered a Bridg,
they gat over fafe, though the Planks were pulled
off by the Enemy ; and being led up in a Way
not difcovered by them, they forced the Indians
for the prefent to quit the Place, after they had
burnt and deftroyed the better Half of it. Yet
afterwards it not being judged tenable, it was
abandoned to the Pleafure of the infulting Foe.^^+

Ten Days after, they were fo fiuflied with this
Succefs, that two or three hundred of them came
wheeling down to Medjield, a Town twenty Miles
from Bojion, weftward from Dedha?n, which they
furprized very early in the Morning (and though
there were one hundred and fixty Soldiers in it
or more, befides the Inhabitants) they burnt near

2f*'^ This is what Mrs. Rowland- thirty Years. The Author has given

fon has narrated in the Narrative of further Details of its Deftrudion in

her Captivity. another Part of his Work. See Tnble,

2''4 Lancafter was a flourifliing No. zi. See alfo Willard's /^//?. o/'

Town, and had been fettled about Lancajler, in Worcefter Magazine.

1 6 8 A Narrative of the Troubles [6 2

one Half of the Town, killing about twenty
Perfons ; but by the Reliftance of the Soldiers, as
foon as ever they could be gotten together (it
being at or before break of Day, none in the leaft
fufpeding fuch an Alfault lb early) they were
quickly forced to forfake the Place, and lb (not
without fome lofs) took their Way to Plimoiith
Colony/-^5

The Weftern Towns above ConneBicut^ were
the chief Seat of the War, and felt moft of the
Mifchiefs thereof in the End of the Year 1 675 :
but the Scene is now to be changed ; and the
other Towns and the Vil[62]lages that lye Eaft-
ward nearer Bojfon, mufi: bear their Part in the
like Tragedies : for as was faid before, the Nar-
haganfets having been driven out of the Country,
fled through Nipnet Plafitations, towards JVatchu-
Jet Hilh"-^^ meeting with all the Indians that had
harboured all Winter in thofe Woods about Nnjh-
away ; they all combined together againft the
Englifli, yet divided their Numbers, and one half
of them were obferved to bend their Courfe
towards Plimouth, taking Medjield in their Way,
which they endeavoured to burn and fpoil, Feb.

•2G5 I have given the Names of the 2r>(i Now ufually called Wachufet

Killed in Medfield as far as could Mountain. It is in the Town of

be afccrtaincd by the Rev. Dr. San- Princeton in VVorcefter County,

ders, and inferted in his Century Princeton was thus named for the

Sermon in that Town, delivered in Rev. Thomas Prince of Bollon, a

1817, in a Note in Mather's Brief large Proprietor of Land there, fo

Hijiory, 120. In his TtiLle, No. well known for his Refearches into

28, the Author fays "» 7 were {lain. " the early Hiftory of New Eng-

but Dr. Sandcis found but fixteen. land.

62] with the Indians in New- England. 169

21. 1675, as their Fellows had done Lancajier ten
Days before.

The Surprizal of this Medfield in regard of fome
remarkable Circumftances it was attended with,
is not unworthy a more particular relating the
^ Manner thereof: the Lofs of Lancajier had fuffi-
ciently awakened and alarmed the neighbouring
Villages, all to ftand upon their Guard ; and fome
had obtained Garifon-Soldiers for their greater
Security, as was the Cafe with the Town of Med-
field, within twenty two Miles of Boflon. And at
that Time were lodged therein feveral Garifon
Soldiers, befides the Inhabitants ; yet being bil-
lated up and down in all quarters of the Town,
could not be gathered together till a great part
of the Town was fet on lire, and many of the
Inhabitants llain ; which how it could be effected,
is ftrange to believe : But moil: of thofe inland
Plantations being over run with young Wood
(the Inhabitants being every where apt to engrofs
more Land into their Hands than they were able
to fubdue) as if they were feated amidft of a Heap
of Bufhes, their Enemies took the Advantage
thereof, and fecretly over-night, corfVeyed them-
felves round about the Town, fome getting under
the Sides of the Barns and Fences of their
Orchards, as is fuppofed, where they lay hid under
that Covert, till break of Day, when they fud-
denly fet upon fundry Houfes, (hooting them that
came firft out of their doors, and then fired their
Houfes, efpecially thofe Houfes where the Inhab-
Aa

ijo A Narrative of the Troubles [63

itants were repaired to Garilbns [and] were fit
for the Purpofe : fome were killed as they attempt-
ed to fly to their Neighbours for Shelter : fome were
only wounded, and fome taken alive and car-
ried Captive ; in fome Houfes the Hufband run-
ning away with one Child, the Wife with another, '
of whom the one was killed, the other efcaped :
they began at the Eaft-end of the Town, where
they fired the Houfe of one Samuel Morfe,'^^'' that
feems to have been a Signal to the reft to fall on
in other Parts , moft of the Houfes in the Weft
or Southweft end of the Town were foon burnt
down ; and generally when they burnt any Out
houfes the Cattel in them were burnt alfo. Two
Mills belonging to the Town were burnt alfo : a
poor old Man of near an hundred Years old,^^^
was burnt in one of the Houfes that were con- [63]
fumed by Fire. The Lieutenant of the Town,
Adams by Name,-^^ was ftiot down by his own
Door, and his Wife mortally wounded by a Gun
fired afterwards accidentally in the Houfe. -7°
After the burning of forty or fifty Houfes and
Barns, the Cannibals were frighted away out of

•■2 '■ ProfciTor Abner Morfe has 2G9 Henry, Son of the fiiil Henry

given an intercfting Account of the Adams of Braintree. His Wife was

Affairs of Medficld at this Period, Elizabeth Paine. Thcie were the

mV\% Hijlory of Sherburne. immediate Anceftors of the well

-'^His Name was John Fiifill. known Authorefs, Mifs Hannah

The Name Fufill is not found in Adams, formerly of Bofton.

Farmer's Regijier, and all Savage ■''•' This painfully agonizing Cir-

found is, — "Fufill, John, Wey- cumftance is minutely detailed by

mouth, 1640. Jofliua, Mec' field, Gen. Gookin, and alfo in the Book

1649." of the Indiavi, 221.

03 ] 'with the hidians in New-England. 171

the Town over a Bridg that lies upon Charles
River, by the fliooting off a Peice of Ordnance two
or three times : when they had paffed over the
Bridge they fired one End thereof to hinder our
Men from purfuing them ; they were thought to
be above five hundred. There were flain and
mortally wounded feventeen or eighteen Perfons,
befides others dangeroufly hurt. The Lofs fuf-
tained by the Inhabitants amounted to above two
thoufand Pounds. This Mercy was obferved in
this fad Providence, that never a Garifon-houfe
was loft in this furprifal ; nor any of the principal
Dwellings ; fo as the chiefeft and beft of their
Building efcaped the Fury of the Enemy, who
as they pafied the Bridg, left a Writing behind
them, expreffing fomething to this Purpofe, that
we had provoked them to Wrath, and that they
would fight with us this twenty Years (but they
fell Ihort of their Expedation by nineteen) add-
ing alfo, that they had nothing to lofe, whereas
we had Houfes, Barns and Corn i-^' thefe were
fome of the bold Threats ufed by the barbarous
Crew, but their Rage fhall proceed no further
than the Counfel of God had determined. The
Week before was heard a very hideous Cry of a

-■^i This Writing was a Sort of this twenty- one Years, if you will.

Letter, written as infultingly as the There are many Indians yett We

Author's Knowledge of the Englifh come 300 at this Time. You muft

Language would allow. It may have confider that the Indians lofe nothing

been the Work of James-the-Printer. but their Life. You muft lofe your

It was thus: " Know by this Paper, fair Houfes and Cattle." Book of the

that the Indians that thou haft pro- Indians, zz\. Contents are given by

voktd to Wrath and Anger will war the Author fufficient for his Purpofe.

172 A Narrative of the Troubles [63

Kennel of Wolves round the Town, which raifed
fome of the Inhabitants and was looked upon by
divers as an ominous Prefaging of this following
Calamity.

Another AfTault was feared ; but as foon as the
Soldiers could be gathered together, they turned
their Backs, as if they never intended to vifit
them more ; whither thefe Indimis went when
they left Medfield is not fo certainly known ; the
Soldiers in the Town not having Opportunity to
purfue them over the River, by Reafon that the
Bridge was part of it burned ; but it is moft pro-
bable that they took their Way toward Plmouth,
and continued about that Side of the Country for
the Future, waiting Opportunities to do what
Mifchief they could to the Englifli in thofe Parts :
For within a Month after this Allault of Medfield,
there was near lix hundred of them feen about
Patuxit-'^^- and Providence, where Capt. Pierce
with about fifty of his Men were loft, though
with no great Advantage to the Enemy, who at
that Time loft above double that Number : our
worthy Captains in this and other Exploits being
called to imitate Sampfo?j, who was content to die
with his Enemies that he might overthrow them
thereby ; it having fo fallen out with many of
our choice Commanders, and Soldiers at Deerjield,

2"- A fmall River that empties confounded with Pawtucket, as is

into Narraganfet Bay about four the Cafe in this Inftance, and elfe-

Miles foutheafterly of Providence, where. They may have been named

See Table, No. 20. It is often from the fame Pccuharity.

64] "^ith the htdians in New- England. 173

Narhaga7ifet, Patuxit, and likewife not long after
at Sudbury:-^^

[64] The Governour and Council of Plimoutb
perceiving by the Report of thefe Outrages com-
mitted upon the Towns of the Majfachujets^ that
they were likely to be vilited this Spring by their
old Neighbours, fent out Capt. Pierce of Scituate,'^'^'^
about the latter end of March, with about fifty
Englilh, and twenty of their Chriftian Indians
about Cape Cod, who proved none of his worft
Soldiers, as the Sequel of this his laft Expedition
will declare. -75

Capt. Pierce, as is faid before, being fent out
to purfue the Enemy, marched towards Patuxet,
where he underftood the Indians were many of
them gathered together : he being a Man of
refolute Courage, was willing to engage them,
though upon never fo great Difadvantage : fome
fay the Indians by Counterfeiting, drilled him into
a kind of Ambufh ; poiTibly more of them dif-
covered themfelves after he began to engage, than
he was aware of: and being gotten over the

2*'^ Or, we fhould now fay. At under Prefle, from the fouthern

Bloody Brook, Narraganfet Fort, Townes be at Plymouth on Wed-

and the Defeat and Death of Capt. nefday, the 8th of this Inftant, in

Wadfworth. order vnto a further March, and

-'^Michael Pierce had been a with them 20 or 30 of the fouthern

Refidcnt in Hingham and Wey- Indians, whoe together with the

mouth before he went to Scituate. other whoe are vnder PrefTe, to goe

SeeDeane's/^//?orj (j/vSr/V/z^/^, 325. forth vnder the Comand of Cap-

2'5 On the 29th of February, taine Michael Pcirfe and Lieftenant

1675-6, the Council of Plymouth Samuell Fuller." Plymouth Colonial

ordered, " that the Souldiers now Records, v, 187.

174- ^ Narrative of the Troubles [64

River in Purfuit of them, where he difcovered fo
great a Number of them, he drew down towards
the Side of the River, hoping the better by that
Means to prevent their furrounding of him, but
that proved his Overthrow which he intended as
his greatest Advantage : for the Indiajis getting
over the River, fo galled him from thence, that
he was not able to defend himfelf thus AlTaulted
on all Sides, and himfelf not being able to travel
much a foot, was thereby hindred, from retiring
to any better Place in time ; fo as he faw himfelf
conftrained to fight it out to the laft ; which he
did with moft undaunted Courage, and as is faid,
to the Slaughter of an hundred and forty of his
Enemies,-^^ before himfelf and his Company were
cut off. It is faid alfo, that being apprehenfive
of the Danger he was in, by the great Numbers
of the Enemy, like to overpower him with their
Multitude, he fent a Meffenger,-77 timely enough
to Providence, for Relief; but (as Solomon faith,
A faithful Mejfenger is as Snow in Harveji : another

2'^ It is not probable that much waited till that was over before de-
over half of that Number was killed, livcring it. As foon as Capt. Ed-
s'' On the Morning of March munds had read it, he impatiently
26th, being in Garrifon at Reho- exclaimed, " It is now too late,"
both, and learning there was a Body and fliarply reprimanded the Bearer
of Indians at Pawtucket Falls, Capt. for neglcdling to deliver the Letter
Pierce difpatched a Letter to Capt. at once. See Backus, Hijkry of
Edmunds at Providence, requefting New England, i, 423 ; Blifs, HiJ-
his cooperation againit thofe Indians, tory of Rchoboth, 90. Mr. Blifs
But the MciTenger by whom the millook the Name of Capt. Ed-
Letter was fent, arriving at Provi- munds, ^\\\ng'm.% Edwards. He is
dcnce after the Forenoon Service the fame Capt. Andrew Edmunds
had commenced (for it was Sunday) mentioned in Note 149.

65] with the Indians in New-England, 175

is as Smoak to the Eyes and Vinegar to the Teeth)
whether through Sloth or Cowardice, is not much
material, this Meffage was not delivered to them
to whom it was immediately fent ; by Accident
only fome of Rehoboth underftanding of the Dan-
ger, after the Evening Exercife (it being on the
Lords Day, March 26. 1676) repaired to the
Place ; but then it was too late to bring help,
unlefs it were to be Spedtators of the dead Carkafes
of their Friends, and to perform the laft Office of
Love to them.^78

It is worth the noting, what Faithfulnefs and
Courage fome of the Chriftian Indians with the
faid Capt. Peirce fhewed in the Fight : one of
them, Amos^^'^ by Name, after the Captain was
fhot in his Leg or Thigh, fo as he was not able
to ftand any longer, would not leave him, but
charging his Gun feveral Times, fired ftoutly
upon the Enemy, till he [65] faw that there was
no poffibility for him to do any further good to
Capt. Pierce, nor yet to fave himfelf, if he ftayed
any longer ; therefore he ufed this Policy, perceiv-
ing the Enemy had all blacked their Faces, he
alfo ftooping down, pulled out fome Blacking out
of a Pouch he carried with him, difcoloured his
Face therewith, and fo making himfelf as like

273 The Place where this Battle ufing a Copy of Hubbard with

was fought is minutely defcibed by Omiffions. See Table, No. zo.
yiv.'Mxk'mWx?, Hi'iory of Rehoboth, -'''^ Amos, fo cafually mentioned

88, but he does not mention Abbot's here was a Warrior of greater Re-

Run, nor could he decide with Cer- nown than many who have received

tainty the precife Point on the River voluminous Diftinftion. He was

where it took place, owing to his well known as Capt. Amos, and be-

176 A Narrative of the T'roubles [65

Hobamacko-^° as any of his Enemies : he ran
amongft them a little while, and was taken for
one of themfelves, as if he had been fearching for
the Englifh, until he had an Opportunity to
efcape away among the Bufhes : therein imitating
the Cuttle-lifh, which when it is purfued, or in
danger, calfeth out of its Body a thick Humor,
as black as Ink, through which it palTes away
unfeen by the Purfuer.

It is reported of another of thefe Cape India7is
(Friends to the Englifli of FUmouth) that being
purfued by one of the Enemies, he betook him-
felf to a great Rock, where he flickered himfelf
for a while ; at laft perceiving that his Enemy lay
ready with his Gun on the other Side, to dif-
charge upon him, as foon as he ftir'd never fo
little away from the Place where he ftood : in
the ilfue he thought of this politick Stratagem to
fave himfelf and deftroy his Enemy, (for as Solo-
mon faid of old, Wifdoin is better than JVeapons of
War:) he took a Stick, and hung his Hat upon
it, and then by degrees gently lifted it up, till he
thought it would be (^^n and fo become a fit
Mark for the other that watched to take aim at
him : the other taking it to be his Head, fired a
Gun, and fhot through the Hat ; which our
Chriftian Indian perceiving, boldly held up his

fides ferving with high Reputation --i' A Name given by the Indians

in this War, he ferved with equal to an imaginary Evil-fpirit, corre-

Diftinftion in the Eaftern War un- fponding to that of Z)tT77 with the

dcr Major Church. See Book of Knglifli. Why the early Friend ot'the

the Indians, 269-70. Pilgrims was fo called is not known.

66] withthe btdiansinNew-E7i.gland. 177

Head and difcharged his own Gun upon the real
Head, not the Hat of his Adverfary, whereby he
fhot him dead upon the Place, and fo had liberty
to march away with the Spoils of his Enemy.

The like fubtle Device was ufed by another of
the Cape Indians at the fame Time, being one of
them that went out with Capt. Pierce ^ ; for being
in like Manner purfued by one of Philifs [y^dians,
as the former was, he nimbly got behind the
But-end of a Tree newly turned up by the Roots,
which carried a confiderable Breadth of the Sur-
face of the Earth along with it (as is very ufual
in thefe Parts, where the Roots of the Trees lie
very fleet in the Ground) which flood up above
the Indians Height in Form of a large Shield,
only it was fomewhat too heavy to be eafily
wielded or removed : the Enemy-Indian lay with
his Gun ready to flioot him down, upon his firfl:
dilTerting his Station ; but a fubtle Wit taught
our Chriftian Ne'/o/>^S' a better Device; for boring
a little Hole through this his broad Shield, he
difcerned his Enemy, who could not fo eafily dif-
cern him ; a good Mufketier need never defire a
fairer Mark to fhoot at ; whereupon discharging
his Gun, he fhot him down : what can be more
jufl tha-n that he fliould himfelf be killed, who
lay in [66] wait to kill another Man ?

Neque enim Lex jujiior ulla ejl,

^am necis Artifices arte perirefua.

'•i^' This was the Word for Friend among the New England Indians.

Bb

178 A Nar^rative of the Troubles [66

Inftances of this Nature Hiew the Subtihy and
Dexteroufnefs of thefe Natives, if they were im-
proved in Feats of Arms : and poffibly if fome of
the EngUfli had not been too fhye in making ufe
of fuch Q)i them as were well affected to their in-
tereft, they need never have fuffered fo much
from their Enemies : it having been found upon
late Experience, that many of them have proved
not only faithful, but very ferviceable and helpful
to the Englifh ; they ufually proving good
Seconds, though they have not ordinarily Confi-
dence enough to make the firft Onfet.

But to return to the Proceeding of the Indians
toward Flimouth:

Feb. 25, They afiaulted Weymouth, and burned
feven or eight Houfes and Barns there, which
Weymouth is a Town lying towards Plhnouth
Colo?2y.-^^-

March I 2. following, They alfaulted the Houfe
of one Mr. Clark in Plimouth, cruelly murthering
eleven Perfons that belonged to two Families
that lodged therein, and then fired the Houfe.
The Cruelty towards thefe Perfons was the more

'•2~- Baylies, the Old Colonv Hif- his Fi^ht with the Indians who de-

torian, adds nothing to this Account featcd Capt. Lothrop, who was fc-

of the burning of Weymouth; nor verely wounded in the Abdomen;

do others who have written on this " the Bullet carrving in with it the

War. The Town having been de- Ring of his Bandileer. The Ring

ferted, there was not much to be remained in the Wound about three

faid except in giving the Names of Years, and was then " cut out by a

the Owners and their Loflcs. There Dutch Chirurgion," who charged

was a Weymouth man named Ri- him forty Shillings for the Opera-

chard RuJ's, with Capt. Mofely in tion. — MS. Petition.

66] with the Indians in New-England. 179

remarkable, in that they had often received much
Kindnefs from the faid Clark. It is the ufual
Cuftome of fuch Debtors to ufe them worft, of
whom they have taken up much Kindnefs upon
truft before hand.^^3

March ij. Another Party of them fell upon
Warwick^ a Place beyond Philip's Land, toward
the Narhaganfet Country, where they burnt down
to the Ground all but a few Houfes, left ftanding
as a Monument of their barbarous Fury.-^''- The
like Mifchief was acfled by them upon the Houfes
of the Englifh remaining in the Narhaganfet
Country. "-^^

This 26 of March being the firft Day of the
Week, as the firft of the Year after our Julian
account, feemed ominous at the firft on fundry
Accounts, threatning a gloomy Time, yet proved
in the Iflue but as a louring Morning before a
lightfome Day : For befides the burning of Marl-
borough, at lead a great Part of it on the fame
Day, a very fad Accident fell out the fame Time
at Springfield, as fhall be fpecified hereafter ; be-

'-'53 Mr. Clark's Houfe was about one of the Inhabitants was flain," —

two Miles from the Village of Ply- Arnold, Eijiory of Rhode IJiand, i,

mouth, at a Place called ^ir/i^/Vrr. 408. The Name of the Perfon

I have given from unpubliihed MSS. flain is not given. The Inhabitants

and other Sources, the moft of what had fled to the Ifland fome time be-

is to be learned refpefting that fore.

fliocking Affair, in the Book of the -"■'' It is not clear-to what parlicu-

Indians, 245-6. See alfo Dr. I. Ma- lar Houfes the Author refers; per-

ther. Brief Hijl., Appendix, 252-3. haps he has reference to the general

■^^^ "The Town was entirely de- Devaftation in that Region. Mr.

ftroyed, except one Houfe built of ?ox.\.CT:h Hi/lory of Narraganfet doc?,

Stone that could not be burnt. Only not aid us.

1 8o A Narrative of the Troubles [67

fides that which befell Capt. Pierce, which is
already related, with whom fell fo many of his
Soldiers on the fame day alfo : yet had the Ene-
my no Caufe to boaft, being forced by the Valor
of the Englifh, to give io many of their own
Lives in exchange : fome Few made their Efcape,
as is faid by fubtil devices : befides the three fore-
mentioned, another by a like Shift, not only
faved himfelf, but helped an Engli(h-man to
efcape alfo, whom he ran after with his Hatchet
in his Hand, as if he were about to kill him;
whereby both of them made a ihift to get away :
the Reft were all loft (the Unfaithfullnefs of the
Meftenger being as was intimated before [67] the
Caufe of their Slaughter) unto a Few that hardly
efcaped by the Advantage of the Bullies, giving
them Opportunity to pafs unfeen : yet was it con-
felled by a Prifoner of the Enemy, taken after-
wards by the Englifti, that they loft an hundred
and forty in that Encounter.^86 And had not
the faid Englifti by wading after the Enemy over
a River, made their Amunition ufelefs, there had
not Half fo many of them been cut oft". From
thence they turned back towards Rehohoth near
Swanzy, where on March 28, they burnt thirty
Barns, and near upon forty dwelling Houfes,
thereby as it were threatning the utter Defola-
tion of that poor Town f-^^ and fo proceeding on

•■^'*'' Statements of Defertcrs and 2?; Mr. Blifs has, in his excellent

Confeflions of Captives are fo often IliJJory of Rehohoth, given niim-

Exaggerations or real Fabrications, erous Particulars of the Deftrudion

that little Dependence can be placed of that Town, v\'ritten and tradi-

upon them. tionary, which the moil diligent

67] with the htdiaj^s in New-Rn gland. 181

that Side the Country, they burnt the very next
Day about thirty Houfes in Providefice in the
Way toward Narhaganfetr^^

But it was now full Sea with Philip his Affairs :
for foon after the Tide of his Succelfes began to
turn about the Sea-coaft, which made Way for
the falling of the Water up higher in the Coun-
try. For about this Time News came to Bo^on
that our Neighbours and Friends of ConneBicut
Colony^ hearing of the Attempts of the Enemy on
that Side of the Country, fent a Party of their
Soldiers, under the Command of Capt. George
Denifon ; with fome friendly Lidians, part Mohegi?2s
and Pequods, part Nyanticks belonging to Ninigret
a Narhaganfet Sachem^ who never engaged in this

and perfevering Refearch could
lay open. And here, in paffing,
it may be proper to pay a Tribute
of refpeft to a talented and worthy
young Man, who tell an early Sa-
crifice to that lavage Arrogance
which is now facrificing fo many
on Southern Battle-fields. He emi-
grated to Louifville, Ky., in 1837,
and was there alTaffinated by a
Wretch for fome Newfpaper Re-
mark, in' 1842. His native Town
fhould (if it has not) ered a Monu-
ment to his Memory.

-^"^ Some Details of the firft In-
tereft refpefting the Deftruftion of
Providence will be found in Back
us's Hijhry of Nezv England, i,
424. The Indians had always
great Refpeft for Roger Williams.
He was now an old Man, about
"7. " When the Indians ap-

peared on the high Lands north of
their great Cove, Mr. Williams
took his StafF and walked over to-
wards them, hoping likely to pacify
them as he had often done ; but
when fome of their aged Men faw
him, they came out and met him,
and told him that though thofe who
had long known him would not
hurt him, yet their young Men were
fo inraged that it was not fafe for
him to venture among them ; upon
which he returned to the Garrifon.
The Houfe where their Records
were kept was plundered, and they
thrown into the Mill-pond, but
were recovered, though by that
Means fome Paffages are not legi-
ble, and likely many Articles were
loft." See alfo Arnold's Hi^ry of
Rhode If and, i, 408-9. Staples,
Annals of Providence, 165-6.

1 82 A Na?^f^ative of the Troubles [67

Quarrel againft the Englifh ; who in Purfuit of
the Enemy meeting with a confiderable Part of
them about the Narhaganjet Country ^ killed and
.took forty and five of them, without the Lofs of
one of their own Men. This Victory was the
more confiderable, in that feveral of the chief
Captains of the Enemy were at this Time killed
or taken ; amongft whom was Caiionchit (who
came down to get Seed-corn to plant at Squakheag)
he was the chief Sachetn of all the Narhaganfets :
the fon of MiantoJiimoh, and the Heir of all his
Fathers Pride and Infolency, as well as of his
Malice againft the Englifh ; a moft perfidious
Villian, who had the laft OSiober been at Bojion^^^^
pretending to make a firm Peace with the Englifh,
but never intending to keep one Article thereof:
Therefore as a juft Reward of his Wickednefs
was he adjudged by thofe that took him, to die,
which was accordingly put in execution at Ston-
ington^ whither he was carried : There his head
being cut off, was carried to Hartford -.-"^^ The
Mohegi?2s and Pequods that had the honour to take
him Prifoner, having the Honour likewife of
doing Juftice upon him, and that by the prudent
Advice of the Englifh Commanders, thereby the

2^'' The Author has once before mouth Colony Records, x, 360-1 ;

referred to that Treaty, but has no- and the Subllance of it in the Book

where explained it. It is an Omif- of the Indians, 231.
fion extraordinary in a Hillory of -■'" His Name to the Treaty

this War. The Preliminaries which ^mentioned in the laft Note) is

led to it are everywhere dcfedive. ^ananchett ; but Nanuntefioo was

It is given in Full in Hazard's Hi/- alfo a Name by which he was well

torical Colle£lions,\\ 536-7; Ply- known. Set Pojlfcript.

68] with the Indians of New-England. i8g

more firmly to engage the faid India?2s again ft the
treacherous Narhaganjets. There are difiTering
Reports about the Manner of his Taking, and by
whom, whither the Indians or the Enghfh firft
took him ; however it was fiafficient Matter of
rejoicing to all the Colonies of the Englifh, [68]
that the Ring-leader of almoft all this Mifcheif,
and great Incendiary betwixt the Narhaganfets
and us, died himfelf by that Sword of War which
he had drawn againft others. -9^

Not long after Capt. George Denifon oi Stoning-
ton, with fixty fix Voluntiers, and an hundred and
twelve Peqiwds, killed and took feventy and fix of
the Enemy, amongfi: whom were two Narhag-
anfet Sachims, one of which was the Grand-child
of Pomham (who is accounted the moft warlike
and the beft Soldier of all the Narhaganfet Sa-
chems) taking at the fame Time i 6o Bufhels of
the Enemies Corn, no fmall Damage to our
Enemies at that Time, and all this without the
Lofs of one Man of the faid Captains Fol-
lowers/92

The greatefl: Mifchief which after this Time
was done by the Enemy in Plimoiith Colony^ was
by burning of Houfes and Barns, which they
might eafily do, the Inhabitants in mofi: of thofe
Towns being repaired to garrifon Houfes for their
greater Security : For about the 20M of April,

~'^ Other and more full Partic- of the Connecticut Hiftorians, but

ulars are given by the Author in the Dr. Trumbull found it barren, and

Po/lcript. adds nothing to the Account of our

2^2 This is the particular Field Author.

184 A Narrative of the Troubles [68

fifty of the Enemy burnt about nineteen Houfes
and Barns at Scituate, but were fo refolutely en-
countred by a few of the Inhabitants, that they
were driven away, and thereby prevented from
doing of further Mifchief.-93

Not long after. May 8, they burned about
feventeen Houfes and Barns in Bridgewater, a
fmall Town in Plimouth Colony, ten or twelve
Miles on this fide Taunton, but it pleafed God
jufi: at the Time to fend a Thunder-fhower,
which put out the Fire, or elfe it might have
prevailed much further. ^94

It is very remarkable, that the Inhabitants of
the faid Bridgewater never yet loft one Perfon by
the Sword of the Enemy, though the Town is
fcituate within Plimouth Colony ; yet have they
helped to deftroy many of the Enemy. None
knows either Love or Hatred by all that is before
them in Things of this Nature : nor ought ftanders
by that may efcape, think themfelves lefs Sinners
than thofe that fo perilli by the Sword of the
Enemy : Yet about this Time four of the In-
habitants of Taunton were killed, as they were at
their work in the Field, whereby it is faid, thirty
Children were made Fatherlefs r^s So unfearcha-

'0 i Juftice cannot be done to -"^ See Dr. I. Mather's Brief

fufFcring Scituatc in the Circle of a liiftory, 143-4.

Note, and the Reader that would be - ^ " The Enemy have killed

fully informed muft recur to Mr- four ftout Men at Taunton, and

Deane's Hillory of that Town, carried away two lufty \oLiths;

one of the beft of our local Hif- Mr. Henry Andrews, James Bell,

tories. The Attack on Scituate Scrg'ant Phillips, and the two

was May 20th. See Page 125. two Youths, all at one Time, being

69] "^'^th the Indians in New-England. 185

ble are the judgments of the Almighty, and his Ways
paji finding out.

During thefe Calamities, Gods Difpenfations
have been very various, as well in reference unto
Towns and Villages, as unto Perfons : As if fome
Places had been by fpecial Providence marked
out to Prefervation, as others unto deil:ru6tion ;
of which no other Reafon can be rendered ac-
cording unto Man, than the good Pleafure of
God fo to order and difpofe of Events, which
fometimes, as Solomon fays, ai^e all one to the Good,
and to the Clean, and to the U?jclean.

[69] And becaufe fpecial Notice is taken of
the Town of Bridgwater, the which although it is
feated, as it were, in the midft of Danger, and
hath been often afiaulted by conliderable Num-
bers of the Enemy, yet never loft any one of
their Inhabitants, young or old ; a particuluar
Account iliall here be given of the moft remark-
able Paffages of divine Providence relating to
that Plantation lince the War began.

June 26, 1675, when Philip's Malice againft
the Englifh, mixed with a particular Prejudice
againft Governour JVi77fiow, began to boil up to
the height of an open Rebellion, the people of
Swanzy being like to be diftreft'ed by the Indians,
a Poft^96 vvas inftantly fent to the Governour of

fecLirely planting two or three ren." Letter of Gov. Winflow to

Miles from the Town. The other Thomas Hinckley, dated 23 May,

one, Leonard Babit, killed at 1676.

another Place. The four Men 296 Por a succinft chronological

leaving thirty-two fatherlefs child- Detail of thefe early Events of the

Cc

^

1 86 A Narrative of the Troubles [69

Plimoiith, the Way lying through Bridgwater,
the faid Poft returned the next Day ; and about
nine or ten of the Clock, as he palled through
the Town, left an Order from the Governour for
the railing of 20 Men, well armed and furnillied
with Horfes, to be forthwith difpatched away
for the Relief of Swanzy ; feventeen were all that
could be raifed on the Sudden, who were fent
thither that Night, and were the firft that were
upon their March in all the Country ;^97 and
poffibly they fared not the worfe for their For-
wardnefs : as Deborah the Prophetefs, blelTed
God for them that offered them/elves willingly
among the People : Thefe feventeen of Bridgwater
were June 2 1 , ordered by Capt. Bradford to
Metapoijit a Place at twelve Miles Diftance from
Swa?izy, to lirengthen the Garifon at one Bourn s
Houfe, wherein were feventy Perfons, amongft
whom were only found fixteen Men. After they

War, Sec I. Mather, Brief Hiiory, at once left that Side of the Country

220. The Author having reviewed for Plymouth, to apprife the Au-

the Events which he had before thorities there of the Danger. "And

narrated, gives the Refuh in this he was fo expeditious that he was

Place. with the Governor early next

-^'" At this Time Affairs had be- morning," which was Wednefday,

come ferious on the Pocaffct Shore. June i6th, 'though he waited

Mr. Church had been forced to on fome of the Magiftrates by the

leave his Refidence at Sogkonate, Way, who were of the Council of

and was exerting himfclf to allay War, and w^ho alfo met him at the

the Storm he found to be faft ap- Governors. He gave them an Ac-

proaching. At the Refidence of count of his Obfervations and Dif-

VVeetamoo, " ^uecn of Pocaffct," coveries, which confirmed their

he received Information which former Intelligences, and haflencd

fcattered all Doubts refpefting im- their Preparation for Defence."

mediate Violence. Whereupon he Church, Entertaining Hijiory, 29.

yo] with the Indians i?t New-England. 187

had marched five Miles of their Way, having
Mr. Browns Son for their Pilot, they met w^ith
fome Swanzy People, newly turned out of their
Houfes (by which they were to pafs) who having
not as yet refilled unto Blood, yet made doleful
Lamentations, wringing of their Hands ; and be-
wailing of their Lofi'es, very much alfo per-
fwading Bricigwater~men to turn back, becaufe of
the Danger ; but they having fo clear a call, had
alfo more Courage than cowardly to defert the
Caufe of God and his People, lefi: they fhould
thereby betray the Lives of fo many of their
Friends into the Enemies Hands ; and fo by the
good Hand of God towards them, came fafe to
Metapoifet that Night. ^^s

The next Day-99 in the Morning, a Part of
them went to gaurd Mr. Brown their Pilot back
to his Quarters ; in their return they came fud-
denly upon a Party of Indians^ about thirty in all ;
they were within fhot one of another, but the
Englifli having no Commiffion to fight, till they
were alfaulted, and not being impeached in their
Pafi'age, they returned fafe to their Garifon at
Metapoifet : the Indians prefently drawing ofi^, and
firing three Guns (though not with intent to
do them any [70] Hurt, as was conceived) gave
a fhout, and fo left them, when this Party of the
Englifh drew near to their Garifon, they met
with a Company of Carts going to fetch Corn
from an Houfe deferted near by, about a Quarter
of a Mile off from Mr. Bownes Houfe; the Sol-

298 June 211I:, 1675. -"9 June 22d, 1675.

1 8 8 A Narrative of the Troubles [7 o

diers gave them notice of the Indians which they
had difcovered ; and withal advifed them by no
Means to venture any more, becaufe of the dan-
ger ; but they were refolved notwithftanding
thefe earneft perfwafions of the Soldiers, to have
another turn, which they foon found to be to the
peril of their own Lives, fix of them being
prefently after either killed right out, or mortally
wounded, as foon as they came to the Barn
where was the Corn ; thefe fix are faid to be the
firfl: that were flain in this Quarrel. 3°° The Sol-
diers at the Garifon hearing the Guns, made
what hafte they could to the Place, but being
mofl: of them in that interim gone to look their
Horfes, they could not come Time enough to
the Relief of their Friends ; yet upon their Ap-
proach they who had done the Mifchief, pre-
fently lied away : one 'Jones hard purfued by two
Indians, was by their coming delivered from the
Extent of the Enemies Cruelty, but having re-
ceived his mortal Wound, had only that favour
thereby, to die in the Arms of his Friends,
though by the Wounds received from his Ene-
mies.

The next week, fifteen of thofe Soldiers look-
ing after their Horfes, fell into an Ambuili of
twenty of the Indians, but being prepared for the
Encounter, they difcharged their Guns upon
each other : but our Men received no Hurt,
fome of them felt the Wind of the Bullets

20U From this Statement it would Swanzcy were killed on the 2 2d of
fcem that the firfl: perfons killed at June, which I think is incorrcd.

yi] with the India?7s i?2 New-Engiand. 189

paffing by their Faces : what Damage the En-
emy received is Uncertain, yet fome of the Eng-
lifh report they found fome of their Enemies
dead Bodies in the Place afterward. 3°'

Thus were they not only preferved in many
Perilsthemfelves, but became Inftrumental alfo for
the Prefervation of mofl of that Garifon ; who with
their Goods by their Means, with the Help of a
fmall Party of Piimouth Forces fent thither after
the fix were killed (as is mentioned before) were
foon after tranfported fafely to Road-IJland.^°^

Many Outrages were that Summer committed
upon their Neighbors at Taunton and Namajket ;
yet it pleafed God to proted: this poor Town of
Bridgwater from any other Hurt, till the begin-
ning of April next, when themfelves with their
Neighbours of Taunton and Rehoboth, were
ftrongly folicited to defert their Dwellings, and
repair down to the Towns by the Sea-iide ; but
God encouraged them to keep their Stations
notwithftanding the extream danger then pre-
fented. It is reported that Philip gave order
that Taunton and Bridgewater ihould not be
destroyed till the lafi:, which is all the favour to
be expedied from an Enemy [71] but thefe
things are only in the Hands of God, and not
determined by Man.

Apr. 9. being the Lords-day,3°3 a fmall Party

''"'I. find nothing correfponding Garrifon, as above related.
with this in the other Accounts of "^"^ April 9,1676. From a re-

the War. trofpeftive View of the early Events

■^"- That is, the People, I fuppofe of the War, the Author jumps tc

who had been refcued in Bourne's the next Year.

190 A Narrative oj the Troubles [71

of the Enemy came down upon the laid B?'idge-
"ivater^ burnt an Outhoufe and Barn, broke up
and rifled feveral other Houfes in the fame
Quarter of the Town, which are notwithftanding
yet remaining ; they fent out a Party of their Men
to purfue them that Night, and many days after,
but could not hear of them.

May 7. the Lords-day alfo (no doubt but the
betternefs of the Day will increafe the badnefs of
their Deed attempted thereon) they had Inteli-
gence of a great Body of Indians difperfed that
Way, with intent to have fain upon the Town
that very Day, but were cafually prevented by a
great deal of Rain that fell the Night before :
however they were refolved to foreflow no Op-
portunity, wherefore on the next Day {^May 8.)
about three hundred of them, one TtJguogen'>°'^ be-
ing their chief Leader, at eight or nine in the
Morning made an Allault upon the Eaft-end of
the Town, on the South-fide of the River : many
of the Inhabitants ftayed at Home that Morning
becaufe of the Inteligence the Day before, and fo
were the more ready to entertain them ; fome
that not taking that Warning ventured into the
Field about their Occafions, were in Danger of
furprizal, but by the fpecial Favour of God efcaped,
and came time enough to help to defend their

•'""' The fame called Tifpaqidn by times Tijpaquin, " the Black-Sa-

Chiirch, 96, who lays he wasa\ery chem." He was Chief of the Na-

famous Captain. In early Records mafkets. See Book of the Indians,

he is called iVatuJpaquin,zw6. fome- 193, 244.

7 1 ] with the htdians in New- England. 191

own and their neighbours DwelHngs, being fliot
at, and hard purfued a conliderable way.

The Indians prefently began to fire the Town,
but it pleafed God fo to fpirit and encourage
feveral of the Inhabitants, ilTuing out of their
Garifon-houfes, that they fell upon them with
great Refolution, and beat them off, at the fame
Inftant of Time, the Lord of Hofts alfo fighting
for them from Heaven, by fending a Storm of
Thunder and Rain very feafonably, which pre-
vented the Burning of the Houfes which were
fired :3°5 The Soldiers alfo Fighting under the
Banner of Gods fpecial Protection were fo fuc-
cefsful in repelling the Enemy, that they neither
had any of the Inhabitants killed or taken, and
but one wounded. The Indiaris by this ftout
Refifiance, being beaten off to the Skirts of the
Town, made a frefh Onfet upon another Quarter
thereof, on the North-fide of the River where
they had done much more Mifchief, but that
God ftirred up fundry of the People to venture
out of their fortified Houfes, who fired upon the
Enemy, and beat them from their Dwellings, fo
as in the Evening they drew off to an Out-houfe,
three Miles diftant from the Town : the next
Day the Inhabitants expected another Aflault,
but the Enemy having burned the Houfe and
Barn where they kept their Rendezvouz over

2"'^ Dr. Cotton Mather copies this Time ient Thunder and Rain, which

Faflage with a litde Embenifhment. caufed the Enemy to turn back." —

See I. Mather, Brief Hiftory, 143, Ibid. See Bayhes' Hijl New Ply-

who fays " the Lord in the Nick of mouth, iii, 120, 121, for other Fads.

192 A Na rrative of the Troubles [72

Night, and one [72] Houfe more not far diftant,
they marched all clear away for that Time.

Thus it pleafed God fo to order his Difpenfa-
tions, toward this fmall Town, as a Brand plucked
out of the Fire, that they did but juft tafte of
this bitter Cup, which others drank deeper of,
yet had they not fuch Mercy, as thefe had, mixed
therewith : under God, the Courage of the Inhab-
itants was a great Means of their Prefervation,
for they lired fo ftoutly upon the Enemies, that
they durft not come very near any of the Gari-
foned Houfes, faluting them only at a Diftance.
God was eminently feen upholding the Spirits of
all forts. Men and Women, fo as no Confterna-
tion of Mind was feen upon any of them, during
the whole Time of the Difpute.

In this Alfault they loft but thirteen Dwelling-
houfes, whereof five only were in the Town (the
reft being Out-houfes and deferted for the pre-
fent) with fome few Barns, and fome of their
Cattel ; all which was a very inconfiderable Lofs,
in Comparifon of what befell others, and them-
felves might have endured, if God had not by his
fpecial Favour prevented. 3°^

'July 14 <if 15, Another Party of Indians came
down upon the North-weft Side of the Town,
but with no better Succefs ; for they had no
Commilfion from the Lord of Hofts to touch any

!()« Yhe Reader muft refer to Affairs of that Town during Philip's
Mitchell's ilijlory of Bridgwater War. See alfo Baylies, as cited in
for further Particulars refpeding the the lad Note.

72] with the Indiaiis in New-England. 193

of the Perfons of the Inhabitants, their Power
reaching only to the flaying of their Cattel at this
Time.

July 18, 19, 20. They fent out Parties after the
Enemy to purfue them by their Track, who fell
upon fome of them. On the twentieth they took
fixteen, whereof two were Men : on this Day
they had to affift them, it feems fome of the Bay-
Indians fent them from Capt. Brattle ; fome of
the Captives informed, that there were but feventy
or eighty in the Company, and but ten or twelve
Men amongft them ; but within a few Days,
thefe Bridgewater Men fhall find better Succefs in
purfuit of their Enemies, when Philip himfelf
ihall hardly efcape their Hands, as fhall be ^qqu.
afterwards.

While one Party of the Enemy thus a6ted their
Part in and about Plimouth Colony, towards the
Sea-coaft, other Parties of them were not idle in
the Majfacliufets Colony^ where they affaulted
many Places, doing what Mifchief they could by
firing, of Houfes, and killing feveral Perfons in
the Inland Plantations.

March 2. They alfaulted Gr(?/i?« : 3°7 The next

^"■^ The Town of Groton, like Opportunity againft us ; the Seafon

other frontier Towns, was in a de- of the Yeare calling to Employment,

plorable Condition. On the 19th and hading to pafs away from us;

of Feb. preceding, the People by ourfelves brought into a narrow

their Agents, Maj. Simon WiJlard Compafs, and ready to undergoe

and Capt. James Parker, fent a Pe- fore Suflering ; . . . our Provifions

tition to the General Court, in neere confumed, and Souldiers quar-

which they fay: "The Enemy (as tered amongft us haftening the Ex-

we groundedly fuppofe) waiting an penfe of it, our Wives and Children,

Dd

194 A Narrative of the Troubles [73

Day over Night3°^ Major Willard with feventy
Horfe came into the Town ; forty Foot aHb came
up to their Relief from Watertown, but the In-
dta?2s were all fled, having firft burned all the
Houfes in the Town, lave four that were Gari-
foned,3°9 [73] the Meeting-houfe, being the fecond
Houfe they fired. Soon after,3'° Capt. Sill was
fent with a fmall Party of Dragoons of eight Files
to fetch off the Inhabitants of Groton^ and what
was left from the Spoil of the Enemy, having
under his condud; about fixty Carts, being in
Depth from Front to Reer above two Miles :
when a Party of Indians lying in Ambuih at a

fome removed, and others removing;
our Cattel lying open to dayly Haz-
ards . , . Thefe things portend to us
a Famine and Poverty coming upon
us with as great Fury on the one
Hand, as the Enemy on the other,"
&c. This was forwarded by the
Rev. Samuel Willard, Minifter of
the Town, who added his Entreat-
ies to thofc of the Petitioners for
Help. " Wee." fay they, " hum
bly upon our Knees c^ave your
Honours Direflion and Afliftance
as the Lord fhall direft." — Petition
in Manufcript.

•i"^ This " next Day over Night"'
has been fuppofed to be a Miiprint.
Mr. Butler in his Ilijiory of Groton,
81, thinks it fliould be " the tiext
Day fortnight^' but even this does
not agree with the Movements of
Major Willard as to Time. Bccaufe
it is pretty well fettled that the final
Dellrudion of the Town was on
March 13th, and it is certain that

Willard was at Cambridge on the
4th of March tranfafting public
Bufinefs. Our Author, as may have
been fcen, often gives a fort of Sy-
noplis, or general Summary in a
fingle Paragraph of feveral Circum-
ftances, and then goes more into
Detail, This was evidently his
Courfe in narrating the Affairs of
Groton. The true Solution of the
next Day over Night is undoubtedly
this: When the Author had written,
" March 2, They affaulted Gro-
ton :" — that is, when the Dellruc-
tion was completed by the Enemy —
running through feveral Days, — the
Day following, "' over Night," the
Major arrived.

•■'"" Mr. Butler has probably lo •
cated three of thofe Garrifons cor-
redly. See Hiftory of Groton, 82.

■"'" That is, foon after the general
Dellrudion of the Town on the
13th. See I. Mather, Brief Hif-
tory.

73] "isoith the Indians in New-England, 195

Place of eminent Advantage, fired upon the F'ront,
and mortally wounded two of the vaunt Carriers,
who died both the next Night; and might (had
God permitted) have done eminent Damage to
the whole Body, it being a full Hour before the
whole Body could be drawn up, which was done
with Care and Courage : but the Indians after a
few more Shot made, without doing Harm, re-
tired and made no further Aifault upon them,
being the fame Party of Indians which the Day
before had burned fome Part of Chelmsford.^^'-
Soon after this Village was deferted and deftroyed
by the Enemy : yet was it a fpecial Providence,
that though the Carts were gaurded with fo {len-
der a Convoy, yet there was not any confiderable
Lofs fuftained.

The Surprizal of Groton was after this Manner.

On March 2, the hidians came in the Night
and rifled eight or nine Houfes, and carried away
fome Cattel, and alarmed the Town.

On March 9, about ten in the Morning, a

31 Un a Letter dated at Chelms- they report) about them. . . . They

ford, 12 Feb., 1676, and figned by rod fall to efcapethem. The young

Samuel Adams, Samuel and William Man was wounded in the Shoulder

Fletcher, fent to the Governor and by a Mufket Bullet, as cut out on

Council at Bofton, is the following : the other Side of his Arme, and we

" This Morning about an Hower conceive by Piftol Bullets. His

and Half after Sun-rifing, Jofeph Clothes torn in feveral Places." —

Parker of this Place, with his Son, ColleSlions N. H. Htfiorical Society,

coming for [from] the Hon'd Ma- iii, 98. "Tradition," fays Allen,

jor Willard, about fower Mile from Hijiory of Chelmsford, 9, " makes

t)[u]rMeetingHoufe, along by fome Jofeph ! arker, born 20 Mar., 1653,

Houfes pertaining to this Towne, the firft white Child born in that

now againft one Houfe ftanding Town» He was Son of Jofeph and

high the Way, [were] way-layed, Margaret Parker.
and had ye Indian Bullets thick (as

196 A Narrative of the Troubles [73

Parcel of Indians (having two Days lurked in the
Town, and taken Polleffion of three out Houfes,
and feafted themfelves with Corn, divers Swine
and Poultrey which they there feized) laid an
Ambufli for two Carts, which went from the
Garifon to fetch in fome Hay, attended with
four Men, two of which efpying the Enemy,
made a difficult Efcape : the other two were fet
upon, and one of them flain, ftrip'd naked, his
Body mangled, and dragged into the High-way,
and laid on his Back in amoft fliameful Manner :3'^
the other taken Captive, and after fentenced to
Death, but the Enemy not concurring in the
Manner of it. Execution was deferred, and he by
the Providence of God efcaped by a bold Attempt
the Night before he was defigned to Slaughter,
and fled to the Garifon oiLancaJler, The Cattel in
both Towns wounded, and five of them flain out-
right.

March i 3, was the Day when the Enemy came
in a full Body, by their own Account four hun-
dred, and thought by the Inhabitants to be not
many fewer. The Town was at that Time
(having been put into a Fright by the fad Cataf-
trophe of Lancajier the next bordering Town)
gathered into five Garifons, four of which were
fo near together, as to be able to command from
one to the other, between which the Cattel be-
longing to thofe Families driven into Paftures,

3''--' It is exceedingly annoying to Means of afcertaining the only thing

meet conllantly with Fads half told ; we particularly care to know. Names

as in this Cafe, that " two Men were of the Slain,
killed " fomewherc ; leaving us no

74] 'yoith the Indians in New-Rngand. 197

which afterwards proved their Prefervation ; the
other was near a Mile Diftant from the reft. [74]
This Morning the Indians (having in the Night
placed themfelves in feveral Parts of the Town)
made their Onfet, which began near the four
Garifons : for a Body of them having placed
themfelves in Ambufcado behind a Hill, near one
of the Garifons, two of them made Difcovery of
themfelves, as if they had ftood upon Difcovery.
At this Time divers of the People, nothing fufpeft-
ing any fuch Matter (for the Day before, many had
been upon Difcovery many Miles, and found no
Signs of an Enemy being fo near) were attending
their Occaiions : fome foddering their Cattel,
fome milking their Cows, of whom the Enemy
might eafily have made a feizure, but God pre-
vented ; they having another Delign in hand, as
foon after appeared : Thefe two Indians were at
length efpied, and the Alarm given ; whereupon
the moft of the Men in the next Garifon, and
fome alfo of the fecond (which was about eight
or nine Pole diftant) drew out and went to fur-
prize thefe two Indians^ who kept their Station
till our Men reached the Brow of the Hill, then
arofe the Ambufh and difcharged a Volley upon
them, which caufed a diforderly Retreat, or rather
a Rout, in which one was flain, and three others
wounded : mean while another Ambufh had
rifen, and come upon the backfide of the Garifon
fo deferted of Men, and pulled down the Pallifa-
does: The Soldiery in this Rout, retreated not to
their own, but palted by to the next Garifon, the

198 A Narrative of the Troubles [75

Women and Children meanwhile expofed to
Hazard ; but by the Goodnefs of God made a
lafe Efcape to the other fortified Houfe without
any Harm, leaving their Subftance to the Enemy,
who made a Prey of it, and fpent the Refidue of
the Day in removing the Corn and Houfehold-
fluff (in which Lofs five Families were impover-
iflied) and firing upon the other Garifon : here
alfo they took fome Cattel. No f loner was the
Signal given by the firft Volley of Shot, but ime-
diately in feveral Parts of the Town at once did
the Smoak arife, they firing the Houfes.

In the Afternoon they ufed a Stratagem not
unlike the other, to have furprized the fingle
Garrifon, but God prevented. An old Indian^
palled along the Street with a black Sheep on his
Back, with a flow Pace, as one decrepit : They
made feveral Shot at him, but miffed him, at
which feveral iffued out to have taken him alive;
but the Watchman feafonably efpying an Ambufli
behind the Houfe, gave the Signal, whereby they
were prevented.

. The Night following the Enemy lodged in the
Town, fome of them in the Garifon they had
furprized, but the Body of them in an adjacent
^'alley, where they made themfelves merry after
their falvage Manner. The next Morning they
gave two or three Volleys at Capt. Parkers \y^\
Garifon, and fo marched off, fearing as was
thought that Supply might be nigh at hand.
This Afi'ault of theirs was managed with their
wonted Subtilty and barbarous Cruelty ; for they
ftrip'd the Body of him whom they had ilain in

75] with the Indians in New-Engand, 199

the firft Onfet, and then cutting off his Head,
fixed it upon a Pole looking towards his own
Land. The Corpfe of the Man flain the Week
before, they dug up out of his Grave, they cut off
his Head and one Leg, and fet them upon Poles,
and ftrip'd off his Winding-fheet, An Infant
which they found dead in the Houfe firft fur-
prized, they cut in Pieces, which afterward they
caft to the Swine. There were about forty dwell-
ing Houfes burnt at that Time, befides other
Buildings. This Defolation was followed with
the breaking up of the Town, and fcattering of
the Inhabitants, and removal of the Candleftick,
after it had been there feated above twelve Years.3'3
Concerning the furprizing of Groton March 13,
There was not anything much more material than
what is already mentioned, fave only the Info-
lency of John Monaco , or one eyed John, the chief
Captain of the Indians in that Defign ; who hav-
ing by a fudden Surprizal early in the Morning
feized upon a Garifon-houfe, in one end of the
Town, continued in it, plundering what was
there ready at hand, all that Day ; and at Night
did very familiarly in Appearance, call to Cap-
tain Parker that was lodged in another Gari-
fon-houfe, and entertained a great deal of Dif-
courfe with him ; whom he called his old
Neighbour: dilating upon the Caufe of the
War, and putting an End to it by a friendly

■^'•^ After they had burnt the fcoffing, inquired of him : "What

Meetinghoufethey went within hear- will you do for a Houfe to pray in

ing of the Rev. Mr. Willard, the now we have burnt your Meeting-

Minifter, who refided near by, and houfe ?"

200 A Narrative of the 1 roubles [76

Peace : yet often mixing bitter Sarcalms, with
leveral blafphemous Scoffs and Taunts at their
praying and worfliiping God in the Meeting-
houfe, which he deridingly faid he had burned.
Among other Things which he boaftingly uttered
that Night, he faid he burned Medjield^^^^ (though
it be not known whether he was there perfonally
or no), Lancajier, and that now he would burn
that Town of Groton, and the next time he would
burn Chelmsford, Concord^ Watertown, Cambridge
Charkjiown, Roxbury, Bojlon : adding at laif in
their Dialed:, What Me will, Me do ; not much
unlike the proud Ajfyrian (if his Power had been
equal to his Pride) fometimes threatned againft
yernfalem, but was by the remarkable Providence
of God, fo confounded within a few Months after,
that he was bereft of his four hundred and four
fcore (of which he now boafted) and only with a
few more Bragadozio's like himfelf, Sagamore Sam,
old Jethro, and the Sagamore of ^obaog, were
taken by the Englifh, and was feen (not long be-
fore the writing of this) marching towards the
Gallows (through Bojlon Streets, which he threat-
ned to burn at his Pleafure; with an Halter about
his Neck, with which he was hang-[76]ed at the
Towns End3'5 September 26, in this prefent Year

31-iIt is a Tradition that Philip There is but flight Evidence of his

commanded the Indians at the Dc- Prcfcnce at any of the Fights during

itrudlion of Mcdficld, in Pcrfon, the War.

mounted upon a blaci< Horfe. He '"^The Town's End \\ a.?, not be-

mav liavc been there and thus con- yond the prefent Boylllon Street,

fpicuous, but I am of the Opinion Executions were ufually performed

that there is no other Authority for in thofe Days on one of the Knolls

the Statement than mere Conjcdhire. in the Common.

76] with the Indians in New-England. 201

1676 ; So let thine Enemies periJJd^ O Lord, and
fuch Contempt be poured on all them that open
their Mouths to blafpheme thy Holy Name.

Things looked with a pretty fad Face about
thofe Parts at this Time ; yet, though the Righteous
fall /even Times, let not their Enemies rejoice ; for
the Righteous fiall rife again, but their wicked Ene-
mies Jhall fall into Mif chief and rife no more. It
was Ebbing-water with New-England at this
Time, and awhile after ; but God fliall turn the
Stream before it be long, and bring down their
Enemies to lick the Duft before them.

After this, April 17, Captain Silly being ap-
pointed to keep Garifon at Groton, fome Indians
coming to hunt for Swine, three Indians drew near
the Garifon-houfe, fuppoling it to have been de-
ferted, two of them were ilain by one lingle Shot
made by the Captains own Hands, and the third
by another Shot made from the Garifon.

The Danger which thefe inland Towns were
like to be expofed unto from the Enemy, after
they were driven out of the Narhaganfet Country,
was forefeen by the Council of the Maffaclufets,
yea, they had fome intimation thereof from the
Enemy themfelves : but they were not well able
to prevent it, in that unfeafonable Time of the
Year, no way fit for the marching of Soldiers, and
tranfporting of Provifions (the Winter then be-
gining to break up in this Country) ; for while
our Forces were up in the Narhaganfet Country
in the Winter, a couple of Chriftian Lidians were
Ee

202 A Narrative of the Troubles [76

fent as Spies into the Nipnet and Narhaganfct
Coimtrey, through the Woods in the Depth of
Winter, when the Ways were impaffable for any
other Sort of People : thefe two, by name yames
and Joby^^^ ordered their Bufinefs fo prudently, as
that they were admitted into thofe India?i Habit-
ations as Friends, and had free Liberty of Difcourfe
with them ; they were at the firft a little jeal-
ous of them, but by the Means of One eyedjohn''^'^
(a great Captain of the Indians, that afterward
led them that fpoiled Groton, who having been a
Companion of one of the faid Spies both in
Hunting, and Fighting againfl the Mohawks for-

•"1^ James Quannopohit and Job
Katenanit, Natick Indians. They
were employed to go among the hof-
tile Indians as Spies, foon after the
Narraganfet Fight. They, with
other Praying Indians had been
placed on Deer Ifland in Bollon
Harbor. On the 28th of Decem-
ber, Major Gookin, at the Rcqueft
of the Government, went down to
the Ifland, felefted thefe two Men
and propofed to them to undertake
the Service. They readily aflented,
though the Inducement offered was
but five Pounds apiece ! The Night
of the fame Day he took them to his
Houfe in Cambridge, privately, and
there fitted, them for their perilous
undertaking; then, on the 30th ot
December, before Day, an Englifli-
man conduced them as far as " the
Falls of Charles River, and fo they
pafled on their Journey undifcovered.
Thefe two Spies acquitted themfelves
prudently and faithfully, brought

Intelligence which might have con-
duced much to the x'^dvantage of
the Englifli, had their Advice been
wifely improved. ''-T—//'///^ry of the
hidiatis.

317 His Indian Name was Monaco.
When Ouannapohit was among the
Nipnets, Mautamp infilled that he
fhould accompany him to King
Philip, who was "not far from Fort
Albany." But he knew this would
not do, becaufe Philip had given
Orders that if he were at any time
taken, he fliould be brought to him,
that he might put him to a cruel
Death with his own Hands. He
was now under the Protedion of
Monoco, the Sachem of Naflnia,
" who had civilly treated, entertain-
ed and proteded him at his own
Wigwam, all the Time of his being
there, becaule he had been a Fellow-
Soldier with him in the Mohawk
War." — Gookiv.

77] 'with the Indians in New-England. 2 03

merly ; fo efteemed of him, that he would not
fufFer any of the reft to touch him) ; they palled
through all the Indian Towns lying thirty Miles
diftant from ^obaog, and twenty Miles north-
ward of the Road to ConneBicut : one of the faid
Spies returned about Jan. 24,^'^ informing thofe
that fent him, what he obferved, both the Num-
ber of the Indians (about three hundred in all),
alfo their feveral Towns, and what Provifion they
had : plenty of Venifon, much Pork from the
Engliih mens Hogs which they had taken : they
confeiTed likewife, that he and fome of his Party
had killed the People of NaOmway the laft Year,
fufpedled to \jj\ have been done by the Indians
of Marlborough : he told them alfo they intended
to burn Lancajier within three Weeks after that
Time, which accordingly they did much about
the fame time : adding moreover, that fome
Freyichmen were with them at Pocomtuck^ en-
couraging of them to go on with their Deligns,
promiling them Affiftance, which made fome
ready to think the Indians were ftirred up by the
French to do all this Mifchief, but more of that

31" James Ouannapohit, juft men- Menemefle, a Party of the Indians,

tioned. The other Spy, Job Kat- about 400, were marched forth to

enanit returned on the 9th of Feb- attack and burn Lancafter ;" that

ruar-y following, reaching Major they were to attempt it "on the

Gookin's Houfe in Cambridge, morrow, which was February loth."

"about 10 o'clock in the Night, This Information corrcfponded ex-

condufted by one J ofeph Miller, aftly with that given by Quannapo-

that lived near the Falls of Charles hit, and Lancafter was deftroyed

River. He brought Tidings, that accordingly. Goukin. See alfo Wil-

bcfore he came from the Enemy at lard, in Worcejler Magazine.

204- A Narrative of the Troubles [77

afterwards : what might be gathered from the
forefaid Premifes is eafie to conceive ; whereupon
new Forces with as much fpeed as the Seafon
would allow, were raifed and fent up into thofe
Parts, under the Command of Major Savage in
chief: they were defpatched away in the Begin-
ning of March, and appointed to meet with fuch
as fliould be fent from ConneBicut Colo?iy, which
they did about ^abaog, and fo intended to march
dired:ly up to thofe Indian Towns about Watchu-
fet Hill to the Northweft : but the Indians were
gone, and our Forces in the Purfuit of them,
taking the wrong Path, miffed of them ; yet
ranging through thofe Woods, they were at one
Time fuddenly affaulted by a fmall Party of In-
dians firing upon them, wounding Mr. GerJho?n
Bulklyy'^"^ by a Shot in his Thigh, and killing one of
their Soldiers, after which as they marched along,
they accidentally fell upon another fmall Party of
the Enemy, of whom they flew fome, and took
others to the Number of fixteen, yet could not
meet with the main Body of the Enemy who it
feems had paffed over a great River by Rafts,3-°

31!^ This is an anticipation of Cliaunccy of Stratford, who from

Events. It appears that the Affair Sickncfs in his Family was prevented

in which Mr. Bulkley was wounded from going.

was after the 27th of March. Sec ■'-" Suppofed to he what was then
Colo7iial Records of Con?ieBicut, ii, known a^ Payquage or Baquagc, fince
423-4. Mr Bulkley was Miniller Miller's River, which at this Seafon
of Weathersficld, and his Wife was of the Year (March), was ufually
a Daughter of Prefident Chauncey. very high. vSee WorcejUr Maga-
Hc was with the Connedficut Troops xine,\,\\']. See alfo Mrs. Row-
as Chaplain, having taken the Place landfon's N^rr^itive {^m Indian Ctip-
of his Brother-in-law, Mr Ifrael tivitks), 76.

78] with the Indians in New-England. 205

fo our Men could follow them no further ; where-
fore turning down towards Hadly and Northamp-
ton, whither it was fuppofed the Indians intended
to pafs, they came very feafonably to the Relief
of the faid Towns, which elfe had been in' Dan-
ger of being loft. For,

March 14, the Enemy fell upon Northampton
and in three Places broke through the Fortifica-
tion of Palifadoes, fet up round about the Town
a little before, for their better Security ; but the
Town being at that Time full of Soldiers, they
were quickly repulfed, after they had killed four
Men and two Women, and fired four or five
Dwelling-houfes, and as many Barns, with the
Lofs of many of their Lives, as was fuppofed. 3-'

While our Forces under Major Savage con-
tinued on that Side of the Country, a fad Acci-
dent fell out at Springfield, the certainty of which
it is judged meet here to relate, to prevent Mif-
takes : the Matter having through a great Over-
fight been otherwife reprefented, than indeed it
was, not only to the Prejudice of Truth, but to
the Difadvantage of fome Perfons concerned
therein. While the Soldiers were quartered
amongft the feveral Towns upon Connecticut River ;
a Party of the Troop [78] were quartered at a

o'2i Thofeflain belonging to North- Services rendered by Capt. William

ampton were Robert Bardett, Tho- Turner and his Company in faving

mas Holton, Mary Earle, Increafe Northampton. They are noticed

Whelftone, and James Mackrannels. in the Chronicle, ii8. See alfo

Records of 'Northampton, in N. E. Backus, Hijtory of Nezv England, \,

Hifl. and Gen. Regi'ier, iii, 176. 423. Hijiory and Antiquities of

Our Author fails to mention the Bojion, 419.

2 o6 A Narrat ive of the Troubles [7 8

Place belonging to Springfield called the Long-
Meadoiv, three Miles from the Town below toward
Windfor: feveral of the Inhabitants having moft
of the Winter kept from the publick Meeting on
the Lords Days, for Fear of the Enemy, were
encouraged to adventure to the Alfembly on the
26/^/6 of March, riding in the Company of the
Troopers ; but having heard of no Lidians there-
abouts for a good while, were more fecure than
they had Caufe ; for riding fome of them with
Women behind them, and fome with their
Children in their Arms, yet not fo careful as to
keep in the Middle, but rather in the Rear, and
at a pretty Diftance ftragling from the Reft of
the Company, a Party of Indians lying in the
Buflies as they rode along, fired upon the hind-
moft, and killed two and wounded others : thofe
in the Front having alfo Women and Maids be-
hind fome of them, were at a ftand to know what
to do, fearing they might expofe thofe Women
they had in their Company, if they fliould ride
back (in that winding Road made through a
woody Place for a Mile or two together) to look
after them that were behind ; at the laft, one
that came riding up, told the foremoft Company
there was no Hurt, and that they were all com-
ing : they that were before, rode away with all
Speed to the End of the Town, where fetting
down the Women, the Troopers returned back,
but too late to recover two poor Women and two
Children, who upon the firft AiTault were thrown

78]; with the Indians in New-Kn gland. 207

off their Horfes, and immediately haled into
the Bufhes, and through a Swamp on the other
Side of a fteep Bank, fo as they could not be
heard of all that Afternoon, nor the next Day,
till toward Night ; although they were diligently
fearched after by all the Troopers in and about
the Town; At laft when they were defcryed juft
by a Swamp fide, the cruel Wretches endeavoured
to have killed them all, but in Hafte only wound-
ed them with their Hatchets, yet fo as one of the
poor Creatures recovered ; the other with the
Children dyed of their Wounds before they were
brought Home, or within a little Time after. 3-^
They did not complain of any Incivility toward
them while they were in their Power ; but by the
Farewell given of them at parting, they found it
true by their ovv^n Experience, that the tender
Mercies of the Wicked are Cruelty.

There hapned no other Matter of moment
worthy the reporting, while our Forces tarryed
in thofe Parts ; and the Commanders obferving
that the Enemy was turned back again through
the Woods, towards the Majfachufets Bay, after a
Months time, retired back, yet could never meet
with the Enemy in their Return through the
Woods, although while they were at the Towns

3--It is to this Affair that the Rev. panied them are held in Remem-

Dr. SpragLie adds : " There were brance there by the following Lines :

fix Perfons killed near Pecowfick « Seven Indians, and one without a Gun,

Brook in Springfield ; three of them Caufed Capt. Nixon and 40 Men to run."

as they are paffing from Long Hiprical Difcourfe.,^. zz. ?>cz?\{o

Meadow to Springfield Town to \_ Mather's Brief 'Hijiory, 128-9,

meeting. The Guard who accom- 2'V4-

2o8 A Narrative of the Troubles [79

aforefaid, they underftood of feveral Attempts
made upon Sudbury, Marlborough,'^'"'' the moft
Part of which lafi: [79] they deftroyed March 26,
which made the Inhabitants forfake their Dwell-
ings, leaving only a few Houfes garifoned with
Soldiers, the better to fecure a PalTage to the
Towns weftward upon ConneBicut River.

The Inhabitants of Sudbury, with the Soldiers
under Lieut. Jacobs''"'^ of Marlborough fufficiently
alarmed by the late Mifchief done about thofe
Towns, refolved to try what Work they could
make with the Enemy in the Night ; whereupon
going forth March 27, toward Morning, they
difcerned where the Enemy lay by their Fires,
(near three hundred of them) and that within half
a mile of a Garifon-houfe, near the Place where
they had done fo much Mifchief the Day before.
Such was the Courage and Refolution of the
Englifli, though but forty in Number, Towns-
men and Soldiers, that they adventured to dif-
charge upon them as they lay by their Fires,
when it was fo dark that an Indian could hardly
be difcerned from a better Man ; yet God fo
dired;ing, they difcharged feveral Times upon
them, v/ounded thirty, fourteen of whom either

3-'^ See Table, No. T, i . "They burnt there was a Company of the Coun-

the Houfes the Inhabitants had dc- try Militia there, they could not pre-

fcrtcd, but the Garrifons defended vent it." Old lndia7i Chromcle,

the Reft. In the Town the Houfes 117-18.

were built very fcattcringly, and the •^-' The Chriftian Name of Ja-

Encmics divided themfelvcs into cobs was lllchard. After the Death

fmall Parties, which executed their of Capt. Brocklebank he took his

Dcfign of firing at once, and though Place. Sec Gage's llijL Rowley.

79] with the Indians i7i New-England. 209

dyed of their Wounds the fame Day or foon after,
which had been chief Agents in this prefent
Mifchief againft the Enghfli. Such was the
Succefs of this Skirmifh, that the Alfailants came
off without the Lofs of one Man.

After this Time the Enemy began to fcatter
about in fmall Parties, doing what Mifchief they
could about the Majfachufets, killing a Man at
Weymouth,'^'-^ another at Hingham,'^"-^ as they lay
fkulking up and down in Swamps and Holes, to
affault any that occalionally looked never fo little
into the Woods ; fometimes alarming the Towns
about Bojion by difcharging Guns upon particular
Perfons ; at Billerica, Braintree, and at Rentham,'^"^
near about which Place in the Road to Rehoboth,
they alfaulted one Woodcoks Houfe, killed one
Man, and one of his Sons, wounded another, and
burned his Sons Houfe. 3-^

Notwithstanding the little Succefs of former
Attempts, Philip and his Men have one Prize

325 On the 19th of April (1676) were loft. The Enemy came upon

" Sergeant Pratt of Weymouth, is the Town after they were gone, and

flain by the Indians." Weymouth burnt all the Dwellings except two.

Records in N. E. Ilifi. and Gen. What faved thefe from the Fire was

Regijier, ii, 254.. their being infefted with the Small

2-'^ " April 20. Jofeph Joanes Pox, of which the Indians by fome

and Anthony Sprague's Houfes Means or other had gotten Informa-

burnt ; alfo Ifrael Hobart's, Nathan- tion." Bean's Century Sermon, p.

iel Chubbuck's and fames Whiton's 14.

Houfes burnt to the Ground by the -'-' Whatever could be recovered,

Indians." New England Hijl. and after the moft unwearied pains, re-

Gen. Regi/ier, ii, 254. fpefting the Woodcocks, will be

3'-' " The Inhabitants of Wren- found preferred in Mr. Daggett's

tham, abandoned the Place on the HiJIory of Attleborough, 47. See

30th of March, 1676. No Lives alfo, Blifs, Rehoboth, 77, 102.

Ff

2 1 o A Narrative of the Troubles [80

more to play in the Majfachufets Colony,, before
they go off the Stage, and then we fliall loon fee
their Power vifibly dedining everywhere, until
their linal Overthrow come upon them. There
were feveral fmall Parties of them fcattered up
and down all over the Country, yet the main
Body of them was ffill lurking up and down in
thofe Woods that lye between Brookfield, Marl-
borough and Co7ine5iicut River. Poffibly they had
fome Hope of driving all the Country before
them to the Towns upon the Sea-coaff ; for hav-
ing burned the deferted Houfes at Marlborough.
April 17, the next Day3-9 they fet upon Sudbury
with all their might, (hoping 'tis like) to do
there, as they had done at the Towns next be-
yond it : They did at the firft prevail fo far as to
confume feveral Houfes, and Barns, and kill
feveral Perfons, ten or twelve of [80] the Englifh,
that came from Concord to affift their Neighbours
at Sudbury, a Town diffant five Miles from them,
at the firft hearing of the Alarm, who unawares
were furprifed near a Garifon Houfe, in Hope of
getting fome Advantage upon a fmall Party of the
Enemy that prefented themfelves in a Meadow ;
a great Number of Indians that lay unfeen in the
Bufhes, fuddenly rofe up, and intercepting the
Paffage to the Garifon-houfe, killed and took
them all.

3-oThisisan Error. The d if- has been afligncd on the Sudbury

aftrous Fight at Sudbury was on the Monument and elfcwhcrc, in tlic A^.

2ift of April. I have explained E. Hijloridil ^nid Gcveii/oglca/ Reg:/-

the Manner in which a wrong Date ter, vii, 221-4.

8o] with the Indians of New-England. 211

But our Sorrows and Lolles that Day are not
yet come to their Height ; for in the after Part
of the fame Day, that refolute ftout-hearted Sol-
dier, Capt. Wadfworth (who had not long before,
with not above forty Men, refcued Lancajler,
when it was in Danger to have been all loft at
once) being fent from Bojion with fifty Soldiers,
to relieve Marlborough, having marched five and
twenty Miles, and then underftanding the Enemy
was gone through the Woods toward Sudbury ; this
unwearied Company, before ever they had taken
any confiderable Reft, marched immediately back
toward Sudbury (that lies ten Miles nearer Bofton)
and being come within a Mile of the Town, they
efpyed a Party of Indians not far from them,
about an hundred, not more, as they conceived.
Thefe they might eafily deal with, who retiring
back a while, drew Capt. Wadforth and his Com-
pany above a Mile into t^je Woods. When on the
fudden a great Body of the Enemy appeared,
about five hundred as was thought, who compaft"-
ing them in round, forced them to the top of an
Hill, where they made very ftout Refiftance a
confiderable while ; but the Night drawing on,
and fome of the Company beginning to fcatter
from the reft, their Fellows were forced to fol-
low them, fo as the Enemy taking the Chafe,
perfued them on every Side, as they made too
hafty a Retreat, by which Accident, being fo
much overpowered by the Enemies numbers, they
were moft of them loft : the Captain himfelf,

2 12 A Narrative of the Troubles [8 1

with one Captain Brocklebafik (a choice fpirited
Man, much lamented by the Town of Rowly to
which he belonged) and fome others that fell into
his Company as he marched along, fcarce twenty
efcaping in all ; fo as another Captain and his fifty
perifhed at that Time, of as brave Soldiers as any
were ever imployed in the prefent Service. 5^°

Thus as in former Attempts of like Nature,33'
too much Courage and Eagernefs in Purfuit ot
the Enemy, hath added another fatal Blow to
this poor Country.

The fame Day another Party of the Englifh
coming from Brookejield, whither they were lent
as a Convoy with Provifion for the Garifon, were
in Danger likewife of falling into the Hands of
the fame Indians ; yet riding upon a good Speed,
and keeping their Guns always ready pre- [8i]
fented againft them they met, they never durft
fire at them : only three ^or four, having unad-
vifedly firfl: difcharged their Guns againft the
Enemy, and falling too much in the Reer of
their Company, were cut off and loft. 33- It is

i^oSee Table, No. 32. The --•-' (ien. Gookin fays Wadf-

mofl: circLimrtantial Accounts of the worth's Men " were generally cut

fad Difallcr at Sudbury are found in ofF, except a few that efcaped to a

\\\c Old Indian Chronicle, gT,. Book Mill which was fortified, but the

of the Indians, 222, 698, Gookin's People were fled out of it, but the

////?. Praying Indians, and Dr. I. Enemy knew not of their flight ;

Mather's Brief Hift. Philip s War, and fo, fuppofing the Mill to be

136. All thefe concur in the Date ftrong they ventured not to attack

of the Battle, viz., April 21ft, it. At the fame Time Capt. Cutler

3:n "Yjje Author has probably of Charleilown with a fmall Com

fpecial Reference to the Difafters of pany having the Convoy of fome

Lathrop and Pierce. Carts from Marlborough that were

8 1 ] with the Indians in IV ew- England. 213

reported by fome that afterwards efcaped, how
they cruelly tortured five or fix of the Englifli
that Night : yet whatever their Succefs was this
Day, it was obferved by fome (at that Time their
Prifoners, and fince releafed)333 that they feemed
very penfive after they came to their Quarters,
fhewing no fuch Signs of rejoycing, as they were
ufually wont to do in like Cafe ;"+ whether for
the Lofs of fome of their own Company in that
Days Enterprife (faid to be an hundred and twenty)
or whether it were the Devil in whom they
trufted that deceived them, and to whom
they made their Addrefs the Day before, by
fundry Conjurations of their Powawes ;^^^ or
whether it were by any Dread that the Al-
mighty fent upon their execrable Blafphemies,
which 'tis faid they ufed in the torturing of fome
of their poor Captives (bidding Jefus come and
deliver them out of their Hands from Death if
he could) we leave as uncertain, though fome

coming to Sudbury, having fcciired afted as if the Devil had toid them

his carriage at a Garrifon Houfe, that they fhould gain a Vidory ; "

efcaped narrowly from being cut off and when "they returned they

by the Enemy. The Enemy alfo aded as if the Devil had told them

at the fame Time cutoff fome Eng- they fhould have a Fall." Narra-

lifh Soldiers that were coming down live of Removes, 69. Ed., 1828.

under the Conduft of one Cowell, ' -^^^ " Yet they came Home with-

of Bofton, that had been a Convoy out rejoicing and triumphing over

to fome Provifions at Ouabage their Viftory which they were wont

Fort." See further of Cowell in to (how at other Times ; but rather

Book of the Indians, 698. like Dogs, as they fay, which have

333 Mrs. Rowlandfon, no doubt, loft their Ears." Ibid., 6^.
for (he was then a Prifoner in their 3;35 «< There is an interefting
Hands. She fays, " When they Defcription oi Powozo in Mrs. Row-
went [to attack Sudbury] they landfon's Book, page 6j.

2 14 A Narrative of the Troubles [8 1

have lb reported : yet fure it is, that after this
Day they never profpered in any Attempt they
made againft the EngHlli, but were continually
fcattered and broken till they were in a Manner
all confumed. After this Time, however they
had braved it before, they feemed to apprehend
that it was fcarce fealible for them to withftand
the Power of the Englifli, and therefore feemed
more inclinable to a Peace, by feveral Over-
tures made by them, if they knew how to
have brought it about. 33^ For during thefe En-
counters they were willing to admit of fome
Kind of Treaty with the Engliili, about the re-
lealing of Sundry of their Captives, which they
took at Lanca/Ier in February laft, and elfewhere :
To that End,«fundry Attempts were made by
Help of feveral of the Praying Indians (as they ufe
to be called) about the Redemtion of fome of the
Women and Children, which were at that Time
in their PolTellion, and by Degrees Something
was effedled that Way ; poffibly their own prefent
Sufferings and Wants that were upon them,
might induce them thereunto : For by this Time
the Spring of the Year came on, their Provilion
was all fpent, and they forced to live wholly
upon Ground-nuts, and upon the Flefli of the
Englifh Creatures, both Horfe and Neat-cattel,
which they daily plundered. The Ground-nuts
running up to Seed in the Summer, began to grow

•-3 • Sundry of their Letters to the Old Ind'um Chronicles, Awdi others
Governor and others upon the Sub- in the Book of the Indians. See
jeft of Peace are preferved in the alfo Colony Records, MaJ's , v. 93.

82] with the Indians in New-England. 215

fo fticky, as they were fcarce Eatable ; the Flefh
of the Englifli Cattel proving Unwholfom for
their Bodies, filHng them with fundry Difeafes.
One of them having eaten much Horfe-flefh,
complained that he had before eaten Horfe and
now Horfe began to eat him, meaning fome
deadly Difeafe growing upon his [82] eating fuch
rank Flefh unwholfom for their Bodies, efpecially
without Salt, as their ufual Manner is. The
Fifliing-feafon alio began now to come in, where-
in they ufe to take Abundance of all Sorts, with
which thofe great Rivers up the Country are
abundantly ftored : they ufe to take thereof, and
drying in the Smoak, make Provilion thereof for
the greateft Part of the Year ; and if the War
continued they could not but fee they (hould ut-
terly be cut off therefrom ; and that if the planting
Seafon alfo were loft, they ftiould be in great
Want of Summer-fruits, Jc, Beans and Squaflies
(befides their Corn) with which they were wont
to live all the latter Part of the Summer. Upon
all Confiderations they feemed pretty Inclinable
to hearken to a Peace, though fome were apt to
think they would never have kept it further than
would ftand with their own Advantage, and that
their prefent Defire thereof was only to gain
Time.337

^37 The Author paffes very not wifli to interfere with Mrs.

lightly over the fingular Negotia- Rowlandfon's Publication. Another

tions which refulted in the Re- Reafon may have been that he

demption of Mrs. Rowlandfon and could not give a full Account of

others. He probably omitted the the various Tranfaftions without

Details for the Reafon that he did expofmg the nefarious condudl of

2 1 6 A Narrative of the Troubles [8 2

A Perfon formerly acquainted with the Indians
about Lancajler did adventure upon the foremen-
tioned Overtures, to go amongft them to try if
he could prevail with them for the Redemtion of
the Minifter's Wife, taken captive in February
lafl: from Lancajler /"^ and through the Favour
of him who having the Hearts of all in his
Hand, inclines them as he pleafes, obtained the
delired End upon an inconfiderable Sum, which
gave Encouragement to the Council to fend two
MelTengers on the like Errand the fame Week to
procure the Redemption of others, not without
Succefs.3 39 The former, njiz. Mrs. Rowland/on
being brought to Bojion upon the Elediion EXay,
May 3d, it was looked at as a Smile of Providence,
and doubtlefs was a Return of Prayer, and An-
fwer of Faith, with which her Hufband had been
upheld and fupported from the Day of her Cap-
tivity ; his two Children alfo were returned back
not long after, more by the over-ruling Hand of

Captain Samuel Mofcly. For that that Mofely was a Thief, but he
the Reader muft conililt General wanted Humanity.
Gookin's Hillory. Moiely was fo •'^■'^"^ See Gookin's Hillory P/-i()7>/g-
connected with the firft People of hidians, MS. copy.
the Colony that his Expofure and •i-^'' " May the 12th, Good-wife
jull Cenfure could not be publifhed Diuens and Goodwife Keble, upon
without offending them, and per- Ranfom paid came in to Concord ;
haps incurring the Penalty of having and upon like Ranfom prefently
his Book burnt by the common after, John Mofs, of Groton and
Hangman. Matters are not very Lieutenant Carter's Daughter of
diffimilar in our own Times ; for Lancafter, were fet at Liberty, and
we fee the Thief who fteals the nine more without Ranfom.'' Cob-
public Property tolerated by fome, bet's Narrative in Nezv England
becaufe he has ilopped their Mouths Hifioriail and Genealogical Regijier,
with a Portion of the Plunder ! Not vii, 2 1 7.

82] with the Indians in New-England, 217

God (that turns the Captivity of his People as the
Streams of the South ; and Ibmetimes inclining them
to pity his Servants, that are of themfelves more
cruel than the Sea-monfters) than by any other
Contrivance of Man's Policy J+°

And yet notwithftanding Motions of this Na-
ture about the Redemtion of fome of our Prif-
oners ftill in their Hands, there was no Cellation
of Arms between us.

About this Time Letters were fent down from
ConneBicut Colony, informing the General Court
then aifembled at Bojlon, that fome of the Mow-
hawkes (a Sort of fierce and falvage Indians yet
mortal Enemies to thefe we were at Wars withal)
had fallen upon fome of Philifs Party, and
deftroyed many of them :3+' likewife that many

■"iJOMrs. Rowlandfon gives this
Account of the Arrival of an Am-
baflador among the Indians for the
Purpofe of redeeming her and other
Prifoners : " On a Sabbath Day, the
Sun being about an Hour high in
the Afternoon, came Mr. John
Hoar (the Council permitting him,
and his own forward Spirit inclining
him) together with the two fore-
mentioned [Praying Indians] Tom
and Peter, with the third Letter
from the Council. When they
came near, I was abroad. They
prefently called me in, and bid me
fit down and not rtir. Then they
catched up their Guns and away
they ran, as if an Enemy had been
at Hand, and the Guns went off
apace. I mani felled fome great

Gg

Trouble, and afkcd them what was
the Matter? I told them I thought
they had killed the Englifhman.
(For they had in the Mean-Time
told me that an Englifhman was
come.) They faid. No, they fhot
over his Horfe, and under, and
before his Horfe ; and they pulhed
him this Way and that Way, at
their Pleafure, fhewing him what
they could do. Then they let him
come to their Wigwams. I begged
of them to let me fee the Englifh-
man, but they would not. But there
was I fain to fit their Pleafure.
When they had talked their Fill
with him, they fuffered me to go to
him." Narrative, page J \-z.

3»iThis Matter of an Attack
upon Philip and his Company by

2i8 A Narrative of the 'Troubles [83

ot them were deftroyed by Fevers and Fluxes,
with other Diftempers falling amongft them, [83]
which was Ibme reviving to our Hopes, that the

the Mohawks is vaguely mentioned
in all the Hiftories of the War.
The following Letter of Gov. An-
dros fets the Affair in a clear
Light. There had been an epif-
tolary Correlpondence between him
and the Government of Connefticut
from the early Part of the War ;
carried on, not very complimentary
on the Part of the Governor gen-
erally, it mull: be confefTed. In one
Inftance, in Reply to Connefticut's
Requell that he would employ the
Mohawks againll our Enemies, he
difcovers no little Indignation, yet
he Hill continued his good Offices,
and on the 5 th of July of this year
(1676) he wrote from Albany :

" Gentlemen : Our Indians, the
Maquas, &:c., as far as Sineques
[Senecas] have done very great
execution on your Indian Enemys,
of which I doubt not y'ou receive
the Fruits, and are very fenfible of
itt. This is by Lift. Gerett Tune-
fen, and Cornelifen Steuenfen, fent
ExprelTe, on Occafion of a Party of
nearc 300 Maquafe, &c., now going
out, who complain that feverall
other Partys have lately found none
of faid Enemys, and thinck you have
made Peace and fhelter them. I
therefore defire that you'l with-
out Delay Ictt me know if itt be fo,
in the Whole or in Part, and what
elfe of faid Enemys, where they
arc. And again. Whether you'l
admitt our Indians, Maques, &c.,
to come into your Townes, and bv
what figne ; that I may take fuch

Order as may preuent any Incon-
uenience which might happen by
there intruding to far, and proue
too badd a Confequence, they being
fo ifrong and fo farr off. Cofpechy
and 1 c more, and fome Women
and Children have delivered them-
felves vp to me, whom I have fuffi-
cientlv fecured. I pray your fpeedy
Anfwer, and that you'l fend a • fitt
Perfon of your own, by whom I
may be the better informed to doe
what is further fitt for me to do.''
E. Androfs.

In Reply, dated Hartford, July
8th, 1676, the Council of Con-
nefticut informed Gov. Andros
that he might be fully allured, that,
as to a Peace, there " is nothing at
Prefent amongil us looking that
Way ; ' that on the Contrary they
were bufily engaged in fending out
Expeditions againft the Indians.

For thefe valuable Fafts I am in-
debted to the judicious editorfliip
of the Col. Rec. of Con7ie£iicut ; to
confuk which is always a Pleafure
and Satisfaftion ; while little befides
Vexation will ever be experienced
in recurring to thofe of our own
clumfy Volumes. The Value of
thefe, it is fafcly afTerted, is to thofe
in the inverfe Ratio of the Coll
of the one to the Coft of the
other. Ours are a Monument to
Profligacy and Incapacity, while
thofe of other States are Monuments
to Patriotifm and Indullry. Worll
of all, ours arc claimed to be edited !
Inftar omnittm.

83] with the Indians in JVew- England. 219

Foot of our Enemy fhould Hide in due Time, and
that Deftrudtion was haftning upon them, though
ftill they were permitted to do Mifchief in fun-
dry particular Places of the Country, which
muft be minded as we pafs along.

Thofe Indians that were our profelfed Enemies,
after they had been beaten out of the Narhagaji-
fet Country^ Febr. i, tarried awhile at Wini?nci-
zeag,^"^"^ a Place two Days Journey North of
^.labaog, when they divided themfelves into two
Companies : One of them tarried on that Side the
Country, the other made towards Plimoiith Colony,
taking Medfield in their Way, from whence as
they marched along, they met with a notable
Repulfe at Bogijhn,'^^^ a fmall Hamlet, or Com-
pany, or Farms not far from the faid Medfield,
where they attempted a Garifon, but meeting
with flout Refiftance, they left the Enterprize,
and kept on their Way toward Plimoiith Colony,
where they fcattered themfelves up and down,
waiting for Opportunities to fpoil and deftroy
the Englifli Plantations on that Side of the
Country. ^^^

•i-i- 1 cannot pofitivcly determine of JafFrey, N. H., though it has

the Locahty of this PJace, There probably not been known by that

are certain Ponds within the bor- Name for a long Time. See Brit.

ders of New Hampfhirc, nearly Government Map of Nezv-England.

north of Quabaog, one of which, a London, ij']^.
hundred Years ago was called JVo- -^ '3 That Part of Medfield fmce

nomenok. This may not ftand for Sherburne. The Name is now

the fame Place as Winirnazeag, yet written Boggefiow.
we often meet with the fame Name '^^^ This Attempt to furprife

differing as widely in Orthography. Medfield has been fully noticed,

Wonomenok'?o\A\% in the Town ante. Sqc pages 62 t,.

2 2 o A Narrative of the Troubles [8 3

Befides what is already mentioned, on May 1 i,
a Party of them alTaulted the Town of Plimouth,
burnt eleven Houfes and five Barns belonging
thereunto : on the other Side, a fmall Party of
the Englifli fcouting about in Purfuit of the In-
dians, fell upon a Party of them that lay waiting
in Ambufli ; but being difcerned by an Indian in
the Company of our Men that gave timely No-
tice, our Soldiers had an Opportunity thereby to
make the firft Shot, and thereby not only pre-
vented a Mifchief to themfelves, but killed alfo
fome of the Enemy (one of whom was obferved
to be of more Note than his Fellows by his At-
tire) the Reft fled away from them that purfued,
though but a fmall Company ; fo that there
were daily reciprocal Ads of Hoftility in thofe
Parts. 3+5

Within a few Days after this, feven Houfes
and two Barns more were burnt by the Enemy
in and about Plimouth : who did the like Mif-
chief about the fame Time to the remaining
Houfes of Nam ajket or Middlehoroiigh.

About this Time, another Sort of Indians that
belonged to Wamejit, a Place near Chelmsford, bor-
dering upon Merrimack (who had been provoked
by the rafli, unadvifed, cruel Ad: of fome of the
Englifh, about OB. 27, and November j\.,\\'A.di fired
upon them feveral Guns, both at Chelmsford and

■'•15 Dr. Mather alfo relates this Author. Scq Brief 11 ijkry, 145-6;

Exploit, but leaves us as much in Davis, Appendix to Morion, 449 ;

the Dark as to thofe concerned in Baylies, New Plymouth, iii, 153 ;

it and where it was done as our and Mitchell, Bridgwater, 40.

84] with the Indians in New-En g land, 221

Woburn^ to the killing of fome, and wounding of
others, upon Sufpition that the faid Indiaiis were
guilty of burning a Barn, and Hayftack not far
off )3+^ fuddenly turned our Enemies, after the
Winter was over ; having firft withdrawn them-
felves from the Place affigned them, and where
they had been relieved all the Winter (fome of
them [84] after a former Revolt) and took their
Opportunity to iire Mr. Falconer s Houfe in An-
dover Town early that Spring and wounded one
Roger Marks,''^'^ and killed his Horfe. Two
more Houfes about ShawJJjeti^^^ beyond the faid
Andover^ were burned about March 10. Alfo
they killed a young Man of the faid Town,
April 8, the Son of George Abbot ; And another
Son of his alfo was carried away the fame Day,
who yet was returned fome few Months after,
almoft pined to Death with Hunger,

At the fame Time they killed fome of their
Cattel, cutting out only the Tongues of fome for

•^^ ' This fiendifli Adt of a few was among the wounded in that

white Barbarians could not be Battle and was, with others of

overlooked by the Author. To Capt. Appleton's Men, left at Rhode

have been more and juftly circum- Ifland. lnih.Q Records of Jndover

ftantial might have fubjeded him to, is found this Entry ; "Sarah, wife

at leaft, Unpopularity Dr. Mather of Roger Marks, died of Small-pox,

notices it quite as Denunciatory. 22 Dec, 1690. See New Eng-

But Gen. Gookin gives the Particu- land Hijlorical and Genealogical

lars, in his Hi/lory of the Praying Regifter, ii, 379.
Indians. '^^^ Billerica. See I. Mather,

•'^~ There was a Roger Marks in Brief Hi flory, 130. Mr. Farmer

the Narraganfet Fort Fight. This publifhed a Hijlory of Billerica, hut

is doubtlefs the fame Perfon. He it affords us no Light here.

2 2 2 A Narrative of the Troubles [84

hafte, being fliot at by feveral of the Inhabitants
from their Garifons.

Mar. I o, At Concoi^d, two Men going for Hay,
one of them was killed. ^+9

At Chelmsford, the faid JVamefit Indians, about
March 18, before, fell upon fome Houfes on the
North fide of the River, burnt down three or four
that belonged to the Family of Edward Colburn :
the faid Colburn, with Sa??iuel Varnham his Neigh-
bour, being purfued, as they paiTed over the River
to look after their Cattel on that Side of the
River ; and making feveral Shots againft them,
who returned the like again upon the faid Indians
(judged to be about forty) what Succefs they had
upon the Enemy, was beft known to themfelves ;
but two of Varnhams Sons were llain by the Ene-
mies Shot, before they could recover the other
Side of the River. ^5° April 15, alfo were four-
teen or fifteen Houfes burnt there.

Not long before this, Feb. i. 1675. I^ho. Ea??ies,
that kept a Farm at Sudbury, whofe Dwelling
was three or four Miles out of the Town, had his
Houfe alfaulted and fired ; his Wife killed, and his
Children carried Captive among the Indians.'^^'^^

3'" Shattuck could not give the told mc he was a dcfccndant of the

Name of the Ferfon killed. He Samuel Varnham here mentioned,

merely copied Hubbard. MS. Journal.

•i'^t'See N. H. Hiftorkal Collec- ■!•'! I have in the Book of the In-

tions,\\, zji. The A^^r;/«OT Family dians, been able to give from ori-

of Dracut have a very diftinft Tra- ginal Materials, many additional

dition of thefe Events. The late Fads. See page 264, 699 ; alfo

B. F. Varnum, Efq., with whom I Barry's Hi/1. Frnmingham, 24-7.

pafTed an Evening (31 Mar., 1832), Mather is filent as to Eames.

8 5] with the India7is in New-England. 223

Alfo two Men were killed at a Farm about
Concord, Ifaac and Jacob Sheppard by Name, about
the middle of February ;'>'>- and a young Maid
that was let to watch upon an Hill, of about 15
Years of Age, was carried Captive ; who ftrangely
efcaped away upon an Horfe that the Indians had
taken from Lancajier a little before. 353 In the
like ftrange Manner did one oi Eafnes his Children
efcape away about May 3, laft, travelling thirty
Miles alone in the Woods without any Relief,
till he came to an Englifli Town. Eames his
Houfe was affaulted when himfelf was from
Home, by an Indian called Netus (not long after
llain at Marlborough) which had been familiar
with the Englifli, with nine or ten more of his
Company, as perfidious and barbarous as himfelf:
They burned all the Dwellings that belonged to
the Farm, Corn, Hay, and Cattel, belides the
Dwelling-houfe, with what was therein ; it is
probable thofe at Co?2CordwQ\:Q killed by the fame
Hands about a Fortnight after.

Many fuch like remarkable Inftances of fpecial
Providences might [85] be mentioned, if it were
convenient to infert fuch particular PalTages into
the general Narrative of the late Troubles from
our barbarous Enemies.354

35'-i February 12th, according to mounted flie fwam the Nafhua Ri-

one of the Trafts. ver and efFeftcd her Efcape. Her

35-5 Mr. Shatttick embelHfhes this Name was Mary Shepard. Sifter to

highly romantic Story, by adding, the young Men flain. Hifiory of

that the Girl rode on a Saddle which Concord, 55.

{he look from under her Keeper's '■''■'^ Thefe Notions fo much gov-

Head as he lav afleep, and that thus erned Hiftorians of former Times,

2 24- A Narrative of the Troubles [85

On May 3, a Party of them killed a Man at
Haverhill., upon the Edge of Merrimack River ;355
and palling over the laid River to Bradford, fpoiled
another Family ; killing one Thotnas Kemball,
and carrying his Wife and five Children captive
forty Miles up into the Woods ; although it was
queftioned whether this laft Mifchief were done
by any of Philifs Party, but rather by fome that
belonged to the Eaftward Indians, of which there
may be occafion (God willing) to fpeak more
afterward. 35^ *

For the fuppreffing of thefe Infolencies, feveral
Companies of frefli Soldiers, both Horfe and Foot,
were railed in the MaJJachufets, by the Governour
and Council of that Colony, and lent out to fup-
prefs the common Enemy ; the Foot under the
Command of Capt. Sill, Capt. Cutler,'^^'' Capt.

that ihcy have deprived us of thofe mention of him among my Materi-

Items of Hiftory now cfpecially als, and that is in Gen. Gookin's

vahied. Hijlory of Praying Indians, 110-12.

'■'•■'■' His Name was Ephraim (I ufe a MS. Copy of this Work.)

Kingfiury. Myrick, Hiji. Haver- " At the fame Time," that Capt.

hill, 53, who obferves that he was Wadfworth was defeated, "Capt.

the firft I'erfon killed by the Indians Cuder of Charleftown with a fmall

in that Town. Mr. J. W, Dean Company, having the Convoy of

has given a Pedigree of the Kingf- fome Carts from Marlborough that

bury Family, in the N. E. H. G. were coming 10 Sudbury, having

Reg., xiii, 157, &c., by which it fecured his Carriage at a Garrifon

appears that Ephraim was Son of Houfe, efcaped narrowly from be-

HenryKingflniry, the Emigrant. ing cut off by the Enemy. The

='■''"' This Depredation is further Enemy alfo at that Time cut off

noticed in the Second Part, page 29. fome Englifli Soldiers that were

Sec alfo Notes in Mather's Brief coming down under the Condudl of

Hijiory, 142. one Cowcll of Bollon, that had been

■'''>'' Probably John Cutler of a Convoy to fome Provifions at

Charlcllown. I find but one other Ouabage Fort." Cowell's Name

85] with the Indians in New-E7igland. 225

Holbrook ; the Horfe under the Command of
Capt. Brattle^ Capt. Prentice, Capt. Henc/iman,
Commanders in Chief: there feveral Companies
modelled as aforefaid, were fent out April 27,
1676, to range the Woods towards HciJJana??ieJit.

Upon May 6, they met with a confiderable
Party of the Enemy : they were firft difcovered
by the Natick Scouts purfuing a Bear ; and at the
firft not difcerning that the Natick Indian Scouts
belonged to our Men, it gave fome Advantage to
our Forces ; our Horfemen falling upon them
before they were all aware, killed and took of
the Enemy about fixteen, which they took notice
of at the prefent, although it was confelfed by the
Enemy, that they loft twenty that Encounter.
It was reported that the founding of a Trumpet
without Order, did much hurt ; but the Com-
mander in Chief affirmeth, that it was no Difad-
vantage to the Service in Hand, it neither being
heard by our own Foot, nor yet by the Enemy.
If any Error was committed by the Englifh
Companies, it was in that the Horfe did not
timely enough draw down from the Top of the
Hill, whereby they came to be difcovered by the
Enemy ; who thereupon made the more hafle to
efcape: However it was no fmall Lofs to the
Enemy, fome of the Slain being known to be
conliderable Perfons ; and it ftruck fuch a Terror
into them, that they never durft face our Men

vi2i'i Edward, ^ce. Hi/iory and An- Holbrook, was perhaps John of
tiquities of Bojlon,\\'^. The Capt. Weymouth.

Hh

2 2 6 A Narrative of the troubles [86

afterwards ; for although after our Men returned
to their Quarters at Medfield, they faw two hun-
dred Fires in the Night, yet they could never
come near them again to fight any Coriipany of
them : but the Seafon proving rainy, hindered
any further Purfuit of them at that Time.35^ And
foon after this, the Soldiers being [86] viiited
with fickly Diftempers by reafon of an epidemical
Cold at that Time prevailing through the Coun-
try, they were for the prefent releafed for the
recovery of their Health, with intent to be called
together again at a more convenient Time ; this
was done May the tenth.

During this Interval of Time, upon a Report
that a Party of the Enemy that were difcovered
abot Rehoboth, bufie in Filhing in a River there-
abouts, Capt. Brattle was fent up about the 23d
of May, who with the Help of fome of the In-
habitants, killed eleven or twelve of them with
the Lofs of one of our Men only : Had they not
difcovered fome of ours on the oppofite Shore, it
was conceived a greater Spoil might have been
made amongft them. 359

But in the next Place we mufi: take notice of
the Proceedings of the Enemy about ConncBicut :
The greatell: Body of them made towards Pli-
moiitb Colony early in the Spring as was faid be-

•'■^"' This is probably the Expcdi- •'^''' The Leader in this little Ex-

tion minutely detailed in the Old pedition was Capt. Thomas Brattle

Indian Chronicle, 120-1, in which of Bofton, of whom a plcafant Rc-

the friendly Natick Indians did all cord is made by Gen. Gookin, in

or nearly all of the fighting. Hijlory of Prayi?jg Indians, 98.

86] with the Indians in New-England. 227

fore, where we ihall leave them for the prefent,
and obferve what the remaining Part of them did
Weftward.

Some fcattering Parties were fkulking about
Springfield, and thofe lower Towns, upon a fmall
Number of whom Capt. Holioke (newly chofen
Captain of Springfield in the Room of his Father
lately deceafed) handfelled his Office early in the
Spring : for having Notice of fome of them in
thofe Woods, he marched after them with ten or
twelve refolute young Men, and waiting his
Opportunity, furprized them near the great River,
fo as two or three of them were left Dead upon
the Place, another mortally wounded, got on to
an Illand in the River, where it was concluded
he took his laft Nights lodging. The other be-
ing forely wounded, was taken alive, and brought
Home to Springfield, where he confelled many
Things to one of the Inhabitants that underftood
their Language, owning the Truth in many
Things againft his own Company, and foon after
Dyed of his WoundsJ^^

This was but a Preparative to an higher Peice
of Service, which Capt. Holioke was foon ^ after
engaged in, and wherein he acquitted himfelf
beyond Expedation ; and taking more Pains than
ordinary in making his Retreat, he gat a Surfeit

3fio According to Judd (good Au- the Indians had a thoufand fighting

thorityS this was on April 27. Hi/- Men up the River, and three Forts

tory of Hadley, 169. The Indian this Side of Squakeag. Ibidum. No

who " died of his Wounds," faid mention of this by Mather.

2 28 A Narrative of the Troubles [8 7
that ended his Days in Septe?nber following about

About the beginning of ^/>r//3^- likewile fome
of the Inhabitants about Hadlyy attending their
Tillage at Hocka?tum, within three Miles of the
Town, and having a Gaurd of Soldiers with them,
yet three of the Company were cafually flain by
a Party of the Enemy, that lay in wait for fuch
an Opportunity. One of them was Mr. Goodman,
a Dea[87]con of the Church, that went a little
beyond the Command of the Soldiers that came
to gaurd them, to view the Fence of his own
Land ;3^3 and two others that contrary to exprefs
Order, would venture upon the Top of an high
Hill, near by, to take a needlefs and unreafonable
View of the Country, were fliot down by the
Enemy before they could recover their Corps du
gard^^"^

■>'5i Capt. Samuel Holyoke was the Holyoke Family). See Judd,

SonofCapt. Elizur H., and accord- Hadiey^ 165. Our Author does

ing to the Records of Springfield, not mention any one being taken

died 31ft 061., 1676, aged 29 Years captive, but it appears from Mrs.

wannng about one Month. Spring- Rowlandfon, Narrative, 50, that

feld Records. Thomas Read was captured, and

302 In his after Corredtions the brought to the main Body of the

Author fays the Maflacre at Hock- Indians which then lay in " a mighty

anum (now Dudley) occurred in Thicket of Brulli,'' in what is now

March. The careful Judd, follow- Northfield, probably. She fays :

ing Hubbard, as I fuppofe, fays it " About this Time [fhe has no

was about the firji of April. But Dates] they came yelping from Had-

there may be fome DifFerenc-e be- ley, having there killed three Eng-

x.\\tzn about the beginning, ■a.v^^ about liflimen, and brought one Captive

the fir ji of a Month. with them, namely, Thomas Read.

•■5'''* Deacon Richard Goodman. They all gathered about the poor

'"'•I fuppofe that fince called Man, afking him many Oueftions.

Mount Holyoke (and fo named from I defired to go and fee him; and

87] with the Indians in New-England. 229

But the great Company of the Enemy that
ftaid on that Side of the Country, and about
JVatchufet Hills, when the Reft went towards
Plifnoiith, though they had been difappointed in
their Planting, by the Death of Canonchet, were
loth to lofe the Advantage of the Fifhing-feafon
then coming in ; wherefore having feated them-
felves near the upper Falls of ConneBiciit River,
not far from Deer fie Id, and perceiving that the
Englifh Forces were now drawn off from the lower
Towns of Hadly and Northampton, now and then
took Advantages to plunder them of their Cattel,
and not fearing any AiTault from our Soldiers,
grew a little fecure, while they were upon their
hfliing Delign, infomuch that a couple of Englifh
Lads3^5 lately taken captive by the Enemy, and
making their Efcape, acquainted their Friends at
Home how fecure they lay in thofe Places, which
fo animated the Inhabitants of Hadly, Hatfield
and Northamptofi, that they being willing to be
revenged for the Lofs of their Cattel, belides
other preceeding Mifchiefs, took up a Refolution

when I came he was crying bitterly. Ton mentions " an Englifli Youth,

Whereupon I afked one of them one John Gilbert of Springfield,"

whether they intended to kill him. whom Ihe met with in Captivity, in

He anfwered me, they would not." a moft pitiful Condition, about a

Ibidum, p. 51. Read iiibfequently Month before the Fall Fight. Stcb-

made his Efcape and got fafe to bins' Name was Edward, as Mr.

Hatfield. Breck informs us in his Century

5'tT;;?(?/'/ at Springfield, 1773 ; which

265 Stebbins and Gilbert, who had "Youth" (Edward Stebbins) he

been taken on the River below, and fays, was "Grandfather of fome,"

carried to the Falls. Hoyt, Antiq. then hearing his Sermon, See Ser-

Rejearches, 128. Mrs. Rowland- mon, p. 22.

230 A Narrative of the 'Troubles [87

with what Strength they could raife among them-
felves (partly out of garifon Soldiers, and partly
of the Inhabitants) to make an AlTault upon them,
which if it had been done with a little more
Deliberation, waiting for the coming of Supplies
expelled from Hartford^ might have proved a
fatal Buiinefs to all the faid Indians : yet was the
Victory obtained more conliderable than at firft
was apprehended : For not having much above
an hundred and fifty fighting Men in their Com-
pany, they marched filently in the dead of the
Night, May 18, and came upon the faid Indians
-a little before Break of Day, whom they found
almoft in a dead Sleep, without any Scouts abroad,
or watching about their Wigwams at Home ; for
in the Evening they had made themfelves merry
with new Milk and roaft Beef, having lately
driven away many of their milch Cows, as an
Englifli Woman confelfed, that was made to milk
them.

When they came near the Indians Rendezvouze,
they allighted off their Horfes, and tyed them to
fome young Trees at a quarter of a Miles Dif-
tance, fo marching up,^^^ they fired amain into
their very Wigwams, killing many upon the
Place, and frighting others with the fudden Alarm
of their Guns, and made them run into the River,
where the Swiftnefs of the Stream carrying them

:j()ii "Finding them fecure indeed. Wigwams, before the Indians were

yea all afleep without having any aware of them, and made a great

Scouts abroad ; fo that our Souldiers and notable Slaughter." I. Mather,

came and put their Guns into their Brief Hijiory, 147.

88] with the I?7dia7ts in New -England. 231

down a fteep Fall, they perifhed in the Wa-[88]
ters,376 fome getting into Canoes, (Small Boats
made of the Bark of birchen Trees) which proved
to them a Charons Boat, being funk, or overfet,
by the Shooting of our Men, delivered them into
the like Danger of the Waters, giving them
thereby a Palfport into the other World : others
of them creeping for Shelter under the Banks of
the great River, were efpyed by our Men and
killed by their Swords ; Capt. Hoiioke killing five,
young and old, with his own Haqds from under
a Bank. When the Indians were firft awakened
with the Thunder of their Guns, they cried out
Mohawks, Mohawks, as if their own native Ene-
mies had been upon them ; but the dawning of
the Light, foon notified their Error, though it
could not prevent the Danger. ^^^

Such ^s came back, fpake fparingly of the
Number of the Slain ; fome fay there could not
in Reafon be lefs than two or three hundred of
them that muft necellarily Perifh in the midft of
fo many Inftrumenfs of DeftrucSion managed

3*5" " Sundry of them who were porary Accounts of this celebrated

at feveral Times taken after this Fight, pubhflied at the Time. That

Slaughter, affirm that many of the in the Old Indian Chronicle, and

Indians that were driven down the that by Dr. I. Mather in his Brief

Falls, got fafe on Shore again, and Hijhry The former is even more

that they loft not above three fcore circumftantial than our Author. See

Men in the Fight : Alfo that thev alfo Backus, Hijiory of New Eng'

killed thirty and eight Englilhmen ; land, i, 426-7. A further Elucida-

which indeed is juft the Number tion may be had by a Recurrence

miffing." Brief HiJIory, \<\g. 10 ]uM, Hijiory of Hadley, iSg-ji,

and to Hoyt, Antiq. Reje arches,

^''- There are two other contem- 128-33.

232 A Narrative of the Troiiblti, [88

againft them with fuch Difadvantages to them-
felves. Some of their Prifoners afterwards owned
that they loft above three hundred in that Cami-
zado, fome whereof were principal Men, Sachims,
and fome of their beft fighting Men that were
left, which made the Victory more conliderable
than elfe it would have been ; nor did they feem
ever to have recovered themfelves after this Defeat,
but their Ruine immediately fell upon it.^^^ Yet
fuch was the awful Hand of Providence, in the
Clofe of this Victory, mixing much bitter with
the fweet, that it might well be called a coftly
Victory to the Conquerors, that fo no Flefli
fhould glory in itfelf.

Xhe Indians that lay fcattering on both Sides of
the River, after they recovered themfelves, and
difcovered the fmall Number of them that alTailed
them, turned Head upon the Englifh, who in
their Retreat were a little difordered, for want of
the Help of the eldeft Captain, that was fo en-
feebled by Sicknefs before he fet out, that he was
no way able for want of bodily Strength (nor any
way defective for want of Skill or Courage) to
affift or dired: in making the Retreat : For fome
of the Enemy fell upon the Gaurds that kept the
Horfes, others purfued them in the Reer, fo as

3''" There was a great Propenfity Hatfield only four Days before the

to exaggerate the Numbers of the Fight. He faid he could not think

Enemy. They were not probably there were at the Falls above 60 or

more than half as numerous as re- 70 fighting Men, on both Sides of

prefented. Thomas Read, the Cap- the River. As to thofe above and

tivc before mentioned, arrived in below that Place he could not judge,

89] with the India?ts in New-England, 233

our Men fuftained pretty much Damage as they
retired, miffing after their Return thirty eight of
their Men. 37° And if Capt. Holioke had not
played the Man at a more than ordinary rate,
fometimes in the Front, fometimes in the Flank
and Reer, at all Times encouraging the Soldiers,
it might have proved a fatal Bufmefs to the Alfail-
ants. The faid Capt. Holiokes Horfe was fliot
down under him, and himfelf ready to be alTault-
ed by many of the Indians, juft coming upon him ;
but difcharging his Piftols upon one or two of
them, whom he [89J prefently difpatched ; and
another Friend coming up to his Refcue, he was
faved, and fo carried off the Soldiers without any
further Lofs.

It is confidently reported by fome that were
there prefent at this Engagement, that one told
above an hundred Indians left Dead upon the
Place ; and another affirmed, that he told near an
hundred and forty fwimming down the Falls,
none of which were obferved to get alive to Shore,
fave one. 371

The Lofs that befel our Men in the Retreat,
was occalioned principally by the bodily Weak-
nefs of Capt. Turner, unable to manage his Charge
any longer : yet fome fay they wanted Powder,

3"o The Agreement of the Ac- floating down the River, appears

counts, as to the Lofs of the Englifli, a fingular Abfurdity ; for the Eng-

is quite remarkable. See iVo/^, 367. hfli themfelves own that they were

■''' ' That any one, in the Tumult thrown into the greateft Confufion

of a Battle, fhould find Time de- immediately after the Attack was

liberately to count dead Indians, made.

li

234- A Narrative of the Troubles [89

which forced them to retire as faft as they could
by Capt, Turners Order. ^^^

It is faid alfo by one prefent at the Fight, that
feven or eight in the Reer of the EngHfli, through
hafte milled their Way, and were never heard of
again ; and without doubt fell into the Indians
Hands, and it is feared fome of them were tor-
tured.

About feven Days after this, they were minded
to try the Chance of War again, and fee if they
could not recover their Lofs, by returning the
like upon the Englifh : For,

May 30. A great Number of them appeared
before Hatfield^ fired about twelve Houfes and
Barns without the Fortification of the Town,
driving away Multitudes of their Cattel, and their
Sheep, fpreading themfelves in the Meadow near
the Town : which Bravado fo railed the Courage
of the Neighbours of Hadly, that twenty five re-
folute young Men ventured over the River, to
relieve Hatfield in this Diftrefs, who charged the
Enemy with fuch an undaunted Courage and
Refolution [Audaces for tuna jiivat) that they beat
down five or fix at the firft Shot they made ; fo

■^"-Thcie docs not appear to and valiant Commander could do

have been any Order preferved by under fuch Circumllances, there can

the attacking Party after the firft be no Oucftion. And, if the Falls

Onfet; and that, as foon as the In- where the Fight occurred muft bear

dians were aroufed, they feem to an Enghfli Name, that of Turner is

have caufed fuch a Panic among the the moft appropriate. But the In-

Engli{h, that their Officers could not dian Name is always to be prefer-

control them ; and thus the Fight red, for it is ever fignificant for

ended in a difgraceful Rout. That what the Place was originally noted.

Capt. Turner did all that a brave See Hoyt, Jniq. Rejearches, 131.

9o] with the Indians in New-England. 235

making Way through the thickeft of their Ene-
mies that lay ready to take Aim at them behind
every Tree as they palled by ; yet they efcaped
all their Shot till they came within a little of the
Town they came to relieve, where they loft five
of their twenty fiveJ^s

The Enemy were fo amazed at the Refolution
of our Men, being but fo fmall a Handfull, that
they fled immediately from the Town ; having
loft twenty five of their Men in the Enterprize.

The Council of the Majfachufets, gathering by
thefe Proceedings of the Indians^ that their Delire
of Peace was only to gain Time, Ordered that
the Forces raifed before Apr. 27, and for a Time
releafed, fhould be haftned out again to range
the Woods towards Hadly, and thofe Parts ; made
an Agreement with Hartford Colony^ to fend
Forces from thence to meet them about Brook-
field, and fo to fcour along on both Sides ConneSii-
cut River, to diftrefs the Enemy what they could,
and keep them from Fifti[9o]ing in thofe Waters,
their Hope of Planting being now almoft over.

To this End about May 30. 1676, the Forces
under Capt. Henchman were called together again,
and fent to Brookfield to meet with thofe exped:ed

•^'•^ Important Materials from ori- Foot. John Smith of Hadlcy, kill-
ginal Papers may be feen in the ed, and two of their own Garrifon
Hilary of Hadley, 176-7, with Soldiers." Letter of Capt. New-
which to illuftrate this Period, bury. The Connedicut Men came
"Two of our Men killed, Jobama up 450 ftrong, 250 of whom were
Smith and Richard Hall; John mounted. Of thefe 200 were friend-
Stow wounded in the Foot, and ly Indians, Pequots, Mohegans and
Roger Orvis a'fo wounded in the Narraganfets.

236 A Narrative of the 'Troubles [90

from Hartford Colony : In the Way, ours by the
Direction of Tom T)oiiblet (a Natick Indian^ who
was a little before employed in the Redemtion
of Captives) following Tracts of Indians came
upon a Party of the Enemy, Fifhing in Wejhacom
Ponds towards Lancajier, of whom they killed
feven and took twenty nine, moft Women and
Children ; yet belonging to confiderable Perfons, it
made the Succefs the more to be valued. 3^4 Our
Forces being by this Means retarded, could not
meet with thofe of ConneBicut at Br 00k field; but
followed them the Week after, having iirfl: re-
turned from WeJhaco?n to Marlborough to fupply
themfelves with Ammunition, and fo marched
diredily towards Hadly^ where they met with
ConneBicut Forces; and from thence according to
mutual Agreement, ours marched^^s on the Eaft-
fide of the River, and ConneBicut Forces on the
Weft, up towards Squakheag. Coming to Deerfield,
and the great Falls thereabouts, they lent up their
Scouts ; but not hearing of the Enemy, they
marched up no higher, being in no good Capa-
city to have gone further if there had been
Occalion, by Reafon of a tedious Storm of Rain,
which occafioned much Damage in their Ammu-

■^"' This Exploit was on June 7th, landlbn merely mentions him as

according to I. Mather, Brief I Uj- Tom.

torj,\^\. See alfo Gookin, Ilijh ■^■^ They marched June i 7th, (a

Praying Indians, \o'^. Tom Doub- fince doubly memorable Day in

let, was before called To7n Nepanet. our Annals). The Conncdicut

The Captives which he was before Forces arrived at Hadley obout the

ployed to redeem were thofe 8th. Both Englifh and Indians are

em

taken at Lancaller. Mrs. Row- graphically defcribcd by Judd.

9o] with the Indians in New-Kn gland. 237

nition and Provifion. While our Forces lay about
Deerjield, fome of our Soldiers ranging, lighted
upon the Body of Capt. Turner about Greens
River,'^'^^ in paffing of which Stream he was fup-
pofed to have received his mortal Wounds.

While our Forces continued thereabouts, they
did the Enemy fome little Spoil in feizing much
of their Fifh, and Goods ftolen from the Eng-
lifli, and hid in their Barns under Ground ; con-
jecturing alfo that they found four or five Places
where fome of the Englifh had been tortured to
Death by cruel burning, after they had been
faftned between Stakes fet in the Ground : but
not meeting with any of the Enemy, they all
haftned Homewards conceiving that having been
forced from their Quarters in thofe Parts, they
were drawn down lower towards the Englifli
Plantations Eaftward, viz, PUmouth and Majfa-
chiijets. What Succefs Capt. Henchman s Forces
had in their retiring Homeward, and what they
obferved of the Motion of the Indians, take in
the Words of iiis own Letter, yime 30 ... . Our
Scouts brought Inteligence that all the Indians were
in a coritinual Motion, fome toward Narhaganfet,
others towards Watch ufet, Jljtfting gradually, and
taking up each others garters, and lay not above
a Night in a Place. They, [the] 27 ditto, brought
in two Squaws, a Boy and a Girl, giving Account of
five fain. Teferday, they brought in an old Fellow

"^"'^ How the Name of this River fince called Green River. Itpafles
originated does not appear, but it is through Greenfield.

238 A Narrative of the 'Troubles [9 1

Brother to a Sachim, fix Squaws and Children^ hav-
ing killed five Men, and wounded ^ [9 1 ] thers, if not
killed them, as they fuppofed by the Blood found in
the Way, and an Hat Jhot through. Tliefe, and the
other inform, that Philip and the Narhaganfets
were gone fever al Days before to their own Places.
Philips Purpofe being to do what Mif chief he could to
the Englijli. By Advice, I drew out a commanded
Party under the ConduSi of Capt. Sill, viz. fxteen
Files of Englifj, all my Troop, and the Indians, ex-
cepting one File, being all we could make Provifon
for : for what with the falling fhort of the Bread
prom fed us, and a great deal of that we had proving
mouldy, the Reft of the Forces had but one Bifiet a
Man to bring them to this Place. This Party were
ordered towards Watchufet, and fo to Nafliaway
and the Waihakem Ponds, where we have Notice
Indians were, and fo to return unto this Place :
where by your Honours Letter that came to me Tef-
terday Morning, I under ftood that Provifion was or-
dered for us ; and which we found to our great
Relief, laji Night, coming hither. Weary and Hungry.
The commanded Party we left at Quonliquomon,
where they intended to fay a While for the laji
Scouts we fent out : eleven Pr if oners we had in all ;
two of the oldefl by Counfel we put to Death, the
other nine the Cominiffary is ordered to cojivey to
Bo ft on, with the Baggage, Horfes, and fome of their
Attendants not fit for the Service.

Daniel Henchman.

It appears plainly by the Contents of the laid

9 1 2 with the Indians in New-England. 239

Letter, as well as by many other Teftimonies,
that about this Time the Indians our Enemies
who hitherto had been linked together as
Brethren in Iniquity" and Cruelty, were now
ftrangely divided and feperated the one from the
other : fome impute it to an AlTault made upon
them by the Mohawkes, who falling upon Philip
with the Inland-Indians, Hew about fifty of
them :377whereupon they of Philips Company re-
folved to return to their own Country, and do
what Mifchief they could to the Englifli there-
abouts : This was reported by an Indian brought
to Seaconk June 29. 1676, taken at Providence.
Others are ready to think, that it was upon fome
Quarrel amongft themfelves, occalioned by an
evil Spirit fent from God upon them, that there-
by they might, being fcattered, the more ealily
be taken and ruined by the Englilh, now that
the Time of Vengeance was come, when they
fhall be called to an Account for all their former
Outrages and Cruelties : for now is the Snare
haftning upon them, wherein they fhall be
hampered in their own Devices, fo to be taken
and deftroyed : it cannot but be acknowledged as
a very remarkable Providence, that Capt. Hench-
man in his late Expedition to Hadly, killed and
took about eighty four of the Enemy, without
the Lofs of any one of his own Men : the [92]

•^''^ The precife Date of the On- ever, previous to July 5th (1676)

flaught upon the New England In- as it is evident from Gov. An-

dians by the Mohawks nowhere dros's Letter of that Date, already

appeals. It was not long, how- ufed in a former Note, (341.)

240 A Narrative of the T. roubles [92

like favourable Succefs hapned to Major Talcot,
in his Pallage from Norwich to ^abaog, as was
faid beforehand foon after his Return. ^'^

But by that Time our Forces were returned
Home as far as Stidhiiry, they were ordered, upon
the Solicitation of the Governour oi Piimouth, two
Companies of them at leaft, to march away im-
mediately to Dedham^ and fo to Seaconk or Reho-
both, to join with Major Bradford in the Purfuit
of Philip, who as it feems, with many hundreds
of his barbarous Followers were fallen upon the
Englifh Plantations thereabouts, and whither
alfo a little before. Captain Brattle with a Troop
of Horfe, and Capt. Mofely with a Foot Com-
pany were fent up from BoJioJi to purfue after
them, now flocking in great Numbers into thofe
Woods ; there was at this Time no fmall Hope
offurpriling Philip: feveral Reports being brought
that he was feen in this and that Place, not with
above twenty or thirty Men attending on him :
but his Time was not yet fully come, nor had he
as yet fully accompliflied all that Mifchief he
was like to be fuffered to do : For upon fuly iy/,379
1676, a Party of his Indians committed an horrid
and barbarous Murder upon Mr. Hezekiah
Willet in Swa?2zey, an hopeful young Gentleman
as any in thofe Parts. They ufed frequently to

•^'■' See a long Letter of Major which a Detail is given o{ his Ex-

Tallcott, dated at Mr. Thomas pedition. See alio, I. Mather, Brief

Stanton's, in the Narraganfet Coun- Hiflory, 173-4.
try, July 4th, 1676, in Colonial •'5''" This Date fhould be June

Records, Conne£licut,\\, 45-89, in 36th, 1676. Sec Table, No. 2.

92] with the Indians in New-England. 241

keep a Sentinel on the Top of their Houfe, from
a Watch-houfe built thereon, whence they could
difcover any Indians before they came near the
Houfe : but not hearing of the Enemy in thofe
Parts for a confiderable Time, that necelTary
Piece of Circumfpediion was omitted that Day,
whereby that deferving Perfon was betrayed into
their cruel Hands : for within a Quarter of an
Hour after he went out of his own Doors,
within Sight of his Houfe, he was fhnt at by
three of them at once, from every one of whom
he received a mortal Wound ; they after their
barbarous Manner took off his Head, and carried
it away with them (which yet was foon after re-
covered) leaving the Trunk of his Body behind,
as a fad Monument of their inhumane Cruelty ;
the fame Indians, not being above thirty in
Number, took away a Negro belonging to the
fame Family, who being Faithful to his Mafters,
and the Countries Intereft, ventured his Life to
make his Efcape, which was the Prefervation of
many others : for the faid Negro being a little
acquainted with their Language, difcovered to
the Englifh after his Efcape, Philips Purpofe to
feize fuch and fuch Places : in the firft Place to
allault I^aunton, which in Probability had been in
great Danger, if their treacherous Plots and Pur-
pofes had not fo wonderfully been made known

A Pedigree of the Willet Family ter, ii, 376. For other Fads re-
may be feen in the New E,ngland fpefting.the Negro mentioned in
Hijlorical and Genealogical Regif- this Connexion, fee Note 399.

Kk

24-2 A Narrative of the Troubles [93

beforehand. The faid Negro affirmed, that there
was near a thouland of them : for he obferved,
that although they had killed twenty Head of
Neat Cattel over Night, yet there was not any
Part of them left the [93] next Day at eight of
the Clock in the Morning. By this fpecial
Providence the Enemy was defeated of their Pur-
pofe, and never after had any Opportunity of
doing any conliderable Damage to the Englifli in
that Part of the Country. So as after this Day
we may truly date the Time of our Deliverance,
and Beginning of Revenges upon the Enemy :
Now is their own Turn come, when it fhall be
done unto them, as they have ferved us : They
that before led others into Captivity, muft them-
felves henceforth go into Captivity: And they
that killed with the Sword, muft themfelves
be killed with the Sword, as in the Sequel of the
Narrative will abundantly be manifeft ; The
Hiftory of which before we fliall any further
purfue, we muft in a little While wait upon our
Friends, (thofe Forces fent from ConneBiciit) in
their Return back into their own Colony, which
before it be done, fome things fliould be pre-
mifed concerning the Occalion of their coming,
and the Succefs that did attend them in their
March thither.

Our Friends and Brethren of that Colony,
although they had never aftually felt Half of
thofe Miferies that befell the People of the other
two, yet never denyed their Affiftance to the fup-
preffing of the common Enemy, yea, fometimes
they afford it before it was expreffly defired ; ac-

93] isoith the Indians in New-England, 24.3

cording to the Tenor of the Articles of Confed-
eration, and Rules of common Prudence ; con-
lidering that if the Fire of this War were not
timely extinguifhed, it would endanger their own
Fahrick : Therefore according to Agreement, the
Councel of that Colony ordered their fuccefsful
Commander Major Talcot to meet with our
Forces at Brobkjield, or ^aboag in order to the
purfuing of the Enemy in thofe Parts : In the
Way as they were from Norwich marching thither,
Divine Providence fo far fmiled upon the Enter-
prife, as to give them an Opportunity to furprife
fifty one of the Enemy, of whom nineteen were
flain, without the Lofs of any one of their own
Company, which could not but much enhance
the Price of the Vidlory to the Conquerors. 3^°

The like Succefs had their Friends which
they left behind (the Volunteers gathered out of
three Towns by the Sea Side, New LondoUy Ston-
ington and Norwich) and who were fome of them
releafed by Major Talcot, when he firft began his
March, that they might the better in the Abfence
of the Army, gaurd their own Towns : for be-
fore the Return of the Forces under Major Tal-
cot, to that Side of the Country, they had made
two Expeditions againft their Enemies the Nar-
haganfets, that were fkulking up and down on that
Side of the Country ; In one of which they killed
and took above thirty, the moft of which being
Men are faid to have been flain by them.

3S0 The Connefticut Forces re- the Council of Connedlicut to Gov.
turned to Hartford, July 8th, " to Andros, dated July 8th. Colony
recruit themfelves." See Letter of Records, Gonne8icut,\\,\6\.

24-4 A Narrative of the Troubles [94

[94] In the other about forty five, the moft of
which probably were Women and Children, but
being all young Serpents of the fame Brood,^^'' the
fubduing or taking fo many, ought to be acknow-
ledged as another fignal Victory, and Pledg of
Divine Favour to the Englifh. But to return,
it was not without the fpecial Direction of Pro-
vidence, that thofe Hartford Forces were fent to
thofe wefl-ern Towns a Week before thofe of the
Malfachufets could get thither ; for otherwife one
or more of thofe towns might have been loft ;
feeing that on the twelfth of June, foon after, if
not the next Day, after they arrived there,^^- the
Enemy, as if refolved to try the utmoft of their
Power, violently affaulted the Towh of Hadly,
with a Body of about feven hundred Men, at five
or fix in the Morning, laying an Ambufh at one
End of the Town, while the greater Part of them
were alarming the other : But the ConneBicut
Forces being at that Time quartered in the Town
thereabouts (who were Englifh and friendly In-
dians, Pequods and Mohegins, about five hundred
in all)3^3 that were ready at Hand, befides thefe
that had been quartered there ever fince March,
(who had been left by Major Savage whtn he had

3-1 It is humiliating to meet with konghomun (now Dudley, Mafs.)

Expreflions like this. How far re- June 5th, at Ouabaog on the 7th,

moved from Savage Is that Com- and at Northampton on the 8th.

munity which endorfes fuch Senti' Tallcoti's Letter.

mcnts may fafely be left to the •'^•* The Indians were under the

Judgment of thofe who come after immediate Command of Oneko, (a

us. Son of Uncas) CaJJofnuimoJi, and

•''?2 Tallcott was at Chabana- Cataptizat.

94] with the Indians in New-England, 245

left thofe Parts, under the Command and Charge
of Captain Tur?2er, flain at the great Falls, as is
noted before, but fmce commanded by Captain
Swain). '^^^ Thefe by their joynt and ready
Refiftance, wherein the Fence of Pallizadoes
furrounding the Town, was no little Advantage,
gave the Indians fuch a fmart Repulfe, that they
found the Place too hot for them to abide it.
For the Soldiers or Townfmen within, firing a
Piece of Ordnance, it fo affrighted the Savages,
or a Party of them, againft whom is was dif-
charged, that although they had juft before fur-
prifed, and poifefTed an Houfe, at the north End
of the Town, if Information miftake not, yet they
inftantly fled, leaving fome of their Dead upon
the Place ; Nor did they any confiderable Mif-
chief with all their Numbers, fave firing a Barn
about that End of the Town, and flaying two or
three of the Soldiers, or too daring Inhabitants,
who would againft exprefs Order adventure to go
without the Fortification.

It was accounted by fome that were prefent
near the Time of that AfTault, a great over-fight,
that having fo fair an Opportunity to chafe the
Enemy upon fo confiderable Advantage, it was
let flip, and not improved : For ConneBicut Sol-
diers being all, or mofl of them furnifhed with
Horfes, they might have been foon overtaken,

384 Jeremiah Swain, I fuppofe, Hijiory and Antiquities, Bo/ion,

who had been a Lieutenant under 414, The fame probably with

Capt Appleton at the Narraganfet Col. Church in the Eaftern War.

Fort fight the previous Year. See See Book of the Indians, 698.

24-6 A Narrat ive of the Troubles [9 5

and many of them deftroyed, but God hid it from
their Eyes : The Commander in Chief, it is faid,
quartered at one of the Towns on the Weft Side
of the River, and did not apprehend the Advan-
tage, till the Seafon was over. Nor was any
fuch Thing as an AlTault expe(5led from the Ene-
my, fo early in the [95] Morning : it being a
general Obfervation heretofore, that they feldom,
or never ufed to make any Attempt in the Night
Time ; Part of which could not but be improved
in Way of Preparation for fuch a Deiign.

But the Lord of Hofts who is Wife in Counfel,
and Wonderful in working, would find fome
other Way to deftroy our Enemies, wherein the
Hand of his Providence, ftiould more remarkably
be feen, that fo no Flefh fhould glory in its own
Wifdom or Strength, but that Salvation might
appear to be from the Lord alone. The Reft of
this Month was fpent without any other Matter
of Moment happening therein. 3^5

The Governour and Council of the Majfachu-
fets, taking into ferious Confideration, the many
merciful Occurrents that had been returned upon
us, notwithftanding the mixing of many Difpen-
fations of a contrary Nature, accounted them-
felves bound to make fome publick Acknowledg-
ment thereof, to him whofe Name alone is worthy
to be praifed. The 2()th of that Month of June,
was fet apart as a Day of publick Thankfgiving

s-^'^Scc I. Mather, Brief IJiJiory, ley, 178. Sec alfo Table, No. 15,
155-7; and Judd, lliihry of Had- and Dr. I. Mather, Brief Hijl., 154.

95] with the Indians in New-England. 247

to God, who had remembered his People thus in
their low Eftate. And that Matter of Thankf-
giving might not be wanting at the Day ap-
pointed, the very Day before were moil: of our
Englifh Captives brought back from the Indians^
and many more foon after, to the Number of fix-
teen, whofe Mouths might then well be filled
with Laughter, and their Tongues with finging
both of themfelves, and all that were any Ways
concerned in their Welfare. ^^^

And as this Day appointed for folemn and pub-
lick Thankfgiving, was ufhered in by feveral
fpecial Mercies, fo alfo was it followed with
many remarkable Benefits.

For befides the preferving the Town o£ North-
ampton, March the 14M, and Hadly, June the
12th, by the opportune fending of our Forces
the very Night before they were alfaulted : The
faving the People of Marlborough from being cut
off, was very obfervable, when Mr. Graves^^^ by
his occafional going from the Sermon, being
forced thereunto by the Extremity of the Tooth-
ach, March 26, difcovered the Indians ready to
affault the Town, and the People might have
been cut off, had not that Accident intervened.
It is certain, that after the End of this Month,
the Power of the Enemy began every where to

33G This Return of Prifoners was 3^7 y\^^ Thomas Greaves. See a

that of thole taken at Lancailer with Note on this Attack in the Brie/

Mrs. Rowlandfon, probably. See Iliftor^, izj. Mr. Greaves may

I. Mather, Prevalency of Prayer, not have been the regular Minifter.

(in Relatmi) 262. See Farmer's Gen. Regijier, 128.

248 A Narrative of the Troubles [96

fail ; for the Body of the Enemy, that had lurked
about ConneBicut River all this Spring, being
vifited with fundry Difeafes, difappointed of their
Filhing and put by their Planting, began to fall
at variance amongft themfelves ; the Hadly and
Pocumtiick Indians quarrelling with Philip for
fetching all this Mifchief about, and occafioning
the Englifli and them to fall out, with whom
they had always good Correfpondence, and lived
lovingly [96] together, but now they were like
to be ruined by the War. This Quarrel pro-
ceeded to that Height, that from that Time for-
ward, thofe feveral Indians that had for fo long
Time been combined together, refolved now to
part, and every one to lliift for themfelves, and
return to their own Homes : Philip to Mount-
Hope, and the Narhaganfets to their own Country
again : the Nipnets and the River- Indians, '^'^^ bend-
ing their Courfe, fome Weftward, others North-
ward towards Pennicook upon Merrimack, intending
to lliift for themfelves as well as they could for
the Future ; all which is like to be the real and
true State of the Cafe with the Indians which
were our Enemies : For the next News we heard
of Philip, was, that he was gotten back to Mount-
Hope, now like to become 7k/(5«;z/-ikffy^r^ unto him,
and his Vagabond Crew ; and that his Friends and
Allies, that had hitherto flood as Neuters, waiting

•■^"-'Rather indefinite. Many of the India?n, z%\. Our Author
Clans of the Natives in different probably here refers to fiich Indians
Localities upon the Borders of large as inhabited high upon the Con-
Rivers arc fo dcfignated. See Book nedlicut.

96] with the Indians in New-England, 249

only which Way the Scale of Succefs and Victory
would turn, began now to fue for Mercy at the
Hands of the Englifh : Th^MaJfachufets GoY^rn-
ment having underfhood Something of this Nature,
put forth a Declaration^ that whatfoever Indians
fhould within fourteen Days next enfuing come
in to the Englifh, might hope for Mercy, ^^9

Amongft Sundry that came in, there was one
named James the Printer, the fuperadded Title
diftinguifhing him from others of that Name ;
who being a notorious Apoftate, that had learned
fo much of the Englifh, as not only to read and
write, but had attained likewife fome Skill in
Printing, and might have attained more (had he
not like a falfe Villain ran away from his Mafter
before his Time was out) he having feen and read
the faid Declaration of the Englifh, did venture
himfelf upon the Faith thereof, and came to fue
for his Life ; he affirmed, with others that came
along with him, that more Indians had dyed
fince this War began of Difeafes (fuch as at other
Times they ufed not to be acquainted withal)
than by the Sword of the EngHfh.39°

33^ The Purport of the Procla- Terms as their Conquerors might

mation was an Invitation to the be difpofed to award.
Indians to ccafe their Depredations, For important Documents like the

and to furrender to the Authorities, one here referred to we look in

No Amnefty was offered, further vain into our publillied Colonial

than in the Judgment of the Englifh Records, ^h\ch. we are as infultingly

it might confifl with their Ideas of as impudently told are edited!
JulHce. All thofe who had been 3 )ii Little can be added to what

known to have been engaged in the is contained in the Book of the In-

War were to expedl only fuch dians relative to this " notorious

LI

250 A Narrative of the Troubles [97

Not long after many of them came and offered
themfelves, to the Number of near two hundred.
Men, Women, and Children ; and many more
would have done the like, but their Confciouf-
nefs of Guilt made them conclude, that their
Cruelties and barbarous Murthers could never be
forgiven by the Englifli.39i

But what Occurrents happened next fhall be
declared in their Order.

About the End of June News was brought to
Bofton, that Fhtlip with a fmall Party of his Men,
lurked about Swanzy or Kehoboth, and that he
might eafily be taken, an Indian offering to bring
them to the Place where they might find him ;
whereupon Soldiers were inftantly fent away from
Bofton, who fpent fome Time in fearching all the
Woods on that Side the Country, [97[ but at laft
were forced to return, having miffed at what they
aimed at.

Plimouth Colony likewife fent out Soldiers upon
the fame Account under Major Bradford, who by
the help of Ibme Indians of Cape Cod, always true,
to the Englilli Intereft, not only efcaped an Am-
bufli laid for them, whereby moft of them might

Apoftate." His Indian Name was than he fufFered the extreme Pen-

Wozaaus, and a fac-fimile of his alty. He Hved many Years after

Autograph may be fcen in the the War. See Majfachufets Colony

Ilillory and Antiquities of Bo'lon, Records, \.

422. Sec alfo I. Mather, Brief •"•'' The Surrenders briefly alluded

Ilijlory, 172-3. Printer's former to in this Paragraph probably in-

Ufefulncfs and promifed future Ser- eludes " That abominable Indian,''

vice probably faved his Neck from Peter Jcthro. See Mather's Re/a-

the Halter; for many lefs Guilty /w/, 257.

97] with the Indians in New- England, 251

have been cut off, but flew many of thofe that
laid wait for them, without any Lofs to them-
felves : yea further, a Squaw Sachem of Sakonet,'^'^^
one of Philips AlHes, having firfl: fent three Mef-
fengers to the Governour of Plimouth to fue for
Life and Liberty, promifing Submiffion to their
Government on that Condition ; but underftand-
ing the Plimouth Forces were abroad, before her
Meflengers were returned, fhe with her People,
about ninety in Number, rendred themfelves up
to Major Bradford, fo that above one hundred
and ten were killed, and taken upon Compolition
that Day.393

The like Succefs had the ConneBicut Forces fent
into the Narhaganfet Country, under the Con-
dud: of the wonderful fuccefsful Major Talcoty
Capt, George Denifon, Capt. Newbery, with other
worthy Commanders of the faid Forces ; for
about the fecond of July, 1 676, as the faid Com-
manders with the Forces under them were pur-
fuing the Enemy in and about the Narhaganfet
Country toward Mount-hope hearing that Philip
with his black Regiment of Wompanoogs was

.•i92 This was Azvajhonks, who Sogkonates, or Seconets.
makes an important Figure in Old ^-''^ The Maffachufetts Men men-
Colony Hiftory, Having had oc- tioned in the laft Paragraph, march-
cafion to notice her extenfively in ed from Bofton, June 30th. They
the Book of the Indians, I need had received Intelligence that Philip
only to refer to that Work. Dr. was at " a certain Place," but when
Cotton Mather favs " Major Brad- they reached the Point " they
ford was the Oedipus by whom that found that he was newly gone."
5/^z«;f was conquered." But Capt. The Plymouth Men were already
Church was the Means of caufmg in the Field, and chiefly under the
the Surrender of Awafhonks and her Guidance of the bold Capt. Church.

252 A Narrative of the Troubles [98

thereabouts, their Indian Scouts from the Top of
an Hill difcovered a great Number of the Enemy
that had newly pitched their Station within the
Semicircle of a Swamp. The Englifh Soldiers
were all mounted on Horfeback, to the Number
of near three hundred ; wherefore the Com-
manders ordered the hidians to be ready at the
Top of the Hill upon a Signal given to run down
amain upon the Enemy, fecurely lodged in the
Hollow of the Swamp juft oppofite againft them,
while their Horfemen were divided into two
Squadrons to ride round the Hill, fo that at the
fame Inftant, both the Horfemen upon the two
Wings, and the Indians afoot rulhing down fud-
denly upon the Enemy, put them to an horrible
Fright, making a lamentable Outcry, fome get-
ting into the Swamp, the reft that were prevent-
ed by the Horfemen, and the friendly Indians
coming fo fuddenly upon them, were all taken
Prifoners ; Capt. Newbery with his Troop alight-
ing from their Horfes, ran into the Swamp after
them, where they killed at leaft an hundred, as
was judged by fome then prefent ; taking alfo
many Prifoners out of thofe Habitations of Dark-
nefs, the Enemy fcarce daring to make any Re-
fiftance; for none of the Englilh, and but one or
two of the Mohegins and Pequods were hurt in
that AlTault : yet it was affirmed by a Captain
prefent on the Place, that with thofe they killed
and took at Warwick-neck, in their return Home
(which were not much above fixty) [98] they
killed and took of the Enemy at that Time above

98] with the Indians in New-England, 253

three hundred young and old. At the fame Time
was taken the old Squaw of Narhaganfet, com-
monly called tJoe old §lueen.'^'^^

They were neceffitated with this Booty to re-
turn Homewards to gratify the Mohegin and Pe-
quod Indians that accompanied them, who had
done them very good Service in the Purfuit, hav-
ing loft one or two of their Men in the Chafe :
But their return Home, was, as it proved in the
lifue, more beneficial than their longer Stay
might have been, to have made a fruitlefs Purfuit
after Philip (whofe Time was not yet come,
although haftning apace) : for in their Return
they met lixty of the Enemy, all of them they
flew and took, fo as their Swords returned not
empty.

Within a few Days after, two hundred of the
Enemy within Plimouth Jurifdi6tion being dif-
trelTed with Famine, and fear of Danger, came
and fubmitted themfelves to the Governour there :
But three of the Company were prefently detect-
ed of a cruel Murther, and villanous AlTault upon
one Mr. Clarkes Houfe of Pli?nouth, by a well-
minded Squaw that was among them (hoping
that poffibly fuch a Difcovery would be plealing
to the Englifh) and accordingly adjudged forth-
with to undergo condign Punifhment, which the
Reft that furrendered themfelves were no whit

394 Major Tallcott fpeaks of her in Squaw, Magnus." Colonial Records

rather vindiftive Terms. " Among ufConneSlicut, ii, 458. Book of the

which flaughter," he writes, "was Indians, 134,248. See alfo Trum-

that ould Peice of Vcnum, Sunck huW, Iliflory of Conne£ficut,\, t,^-j.

254 ^ Narrative of the Troubles [9 8

troubled at, fuch kind of Villains being always
exempted from all Ad:s of Favour and Mercy. 395
Thofe two hundred that had newly furrendered
themfelves, that they might give full Proof of
their Fidelity, offered to lead a Party of the Eng-
liili to a Place not far off, where twenty more of
the Enemy might be furprized, amongfl whom
alfo was one, known to be a bloody Murtherer of
an Englifh man that Year before ; accordingly
eight Englifli men took fourteen of the faid In-
dians^ and the next Day brought in all the afore-
faid twenty of the Enemy with the faid Mur-
therer ; who was prefently executed, the Reft
being accepted into Favour.

It is affirmed likewife, that five or fix Sachims
of Cape Cod, towards the Eaflern Part of it, came
with three hundred Indians to make Peace with
the Englifh, on the 6th of July ; one of the faid
Sachims earnelHy deliring the Englifh that none
of them might be fuffered to fell any ftrong
Liquors to the LidianSy the trading of which,

3!*'5 A fequel to this will be found Woodcocke, ^jianapawhan and yohn

in the Appendix to Mather, Brief Num. The two former were ac-

///■//ory, 251-3, extracted from P/y- cufed by a Squaw of having been

mouth Colonial Records, v, 204-5. i" ^^'^ -^^^ River Murders; and fi-

One Keweenam, " fometimes of nally, all three of them contefled

Sandwich," appears to have been that they were Participants in it.

the Inftigator of the Eel River Mur- John Num owned alfo that he was

dcrs, but Tatofon, or as Capt. of that Company that murdered

Church calls him, Totofon, was the Jacob Mitchell and his Wife, and

Leader of the Party. Three other John Pope, at Dartmouth. Where-

Indians were before the Council at upon they were all three " emedi-

the fiime Time, implicated in the ately" executed. Ibidum, 205. See

fame Murders. Their Names were A''^/^ 491, onward.

99] 'isjtth the Indians in New- England. 255

poffibly hath had no fmall Influence into the pre-
fent Mifchiefs.396

The next Day, July the jfh, a fmall Party of
ours, with a few friendly or Chriftians Indians
with them, killed and took feven of the Enemy
in the Woods not far from Dedham, one of which
was a Narhaganfet Sachim ;397 who either himfelf,
informed, or by fome other at that Time, certain
Intelligence was brought to Bojion, that fome of
our Enemy Indians were gotten to Albany, in-
forming the People there; that they might the
[99] more eafily get Powder and Ammunition,
that the Englifh and they were now at Peace :
One of the faid Indians was the Sachim of Spring-
field, a bloody and deceitful Villain ; It is hoped
that he is now taken in the Snare from whence
he fhall never be fuflfered to efcape.^^^

Philip by this Time could not but think his
Ruin haftned apace, yet that he might in Imita-
tion of him that ftirred up all this Mifchief ex-
prefs the more Wrath, becaufe he knew his Time
was but fhort, intended if poflible to deftroy one
Town more of the Englifh before his turn came ;
wherefore July 11, with all the Forces he could
get, or that he had left, he intended to fet upon

39G The Author makes an unac- " petty Sachem," but nothing as to
countable Miftake in this Paragraph, what Tribe he belonged. See Brief
Inftead of " fix Sachims of Gape Hijhry, 176.
Cod" &c., we fhould read "fix -s^s gee Note, ante, /^^i. The
Sachims from the Eaft of Pafcata- Name of the " Sachim of Spring-
qua." See Book of the hidians, 699. field," as given by the Council of

Connedicut, was Cogepiefon. Col.

397 Dr. Mather fays he was a Records Ct.,\\, if)z.

256 A Narrative of the Troubles [99

Taimto?!^ having as was conceived, many hundreds
in his Company ; but his Defign being ftrangely
difcovered by a Negro whom they had taken
Captive a little before, that having lived near the
Indians before, underftood much of their Lan-
guage, who making his Efcape from them, ac-
quainted the Inhabitants with the Plot; who
having timely Notice, furniflied themfelves with
Soldiers, whereby they were able to repulfe the
Enemy upon the firfl approach :399 fo as he only
fired two Houfes, and then fled away ; Except the
Lord keepeth the City, the Watchmen watcheth but in
vain.

The 22d of this Month of July, as is hinted
before, the Companies fent from Concord, May
30, up towards Hadly, having fpent much Time
and Pains in purfuit of Philip all the Country over
(whom they could not yet overtake) having tired
themfelves with many long and tedious Marches
through the defert Woods : before they returned
Home, fome of them were fent towards Mount-
hope, yet was their Labour well improved, and
followed with good Succefs at the laft : for, in
ranging thofe Woods in Plimouth Colony, they

^•''' I do not find anywhere elfe by our Army," that he "appcr-

any adequate acknowledgement of tained to the Eftatc of the Succeirors

great Obligation the Englifh of Ply- of Capt. Willett, deceafed," that it

mouth Colony were under to this was agreed " with Mr. John Sathn,

Negro for faving Taunton from Adminneftrator of the faid Eftatc,

Dcllruftion. He went by the Name mutually, that the faid Negro doe

of Jcthro. In the Plymouth Col forthwith betake himfclfe to his for-

llecords, v, 216, may be feen a very mer Service, and to remaine a Ser-

fingular Order concerning him. It vant until! two Years be expired,"

js there iaid he was " retaken againe &c.

I oo] with the Indians in New-England, 257

killed and took, by the help of Capt. Mofelys
Company, and Capt. Brattles Troop joyning with
Major Bradfo7'ds Company of Pl'wiouth Colony, an
hundred and fifty hidians, with the Lofs of never
an Englifh Man.

It was feared that Philip and his Company
would have returned into the Nipnet Country ; to
prevent which, feveral Horfemen were fent to
gaurd the Paflage ; but he lurked about his own
Country in Swamps and other fecret Places,
where he was yet hid from the Sight of the Eng-
lifh, although many Times they hapned to lodg
very near him, infomuch as an Indian Captive
promifed in two Hours time to bring our Sol-
diers to the very Place where he was ; but they
not being able to pafs the nearefl: Way, came a
little too late ; for they being fo hotly purfued,
hafted away, leaving much of their Treafure be-
hind them, their Kettles boyling over the Fire,
their Dead unburied, and twenty of their Party
were overtaken, that fell into the Englifh Hands :'i-°°
Philip himfelf, and fome [100] few of his ftrag-
ling Followers, make their Efcape by a Raft over
an Arm of the Sea, into another Neck of Land
on PocaJJet Side, not daring to truft himfelf any
longer in Metapoyfet Woods, fo full of our Eng-
li{h Soldiers, as well thofe of Plimouth, as of the
Majjachujets Colony, who almoft every Day meet-
ing with fome of his Party, much leffened his
Number. Capt. Church, that aftive and unwea-

"^ 00 See Church, Entertainmg Hi'lory, 112, ed. 1827.

Mm

258 A Narrative of the Troubles [ 1 00

ried Commander, of Plimoiith Colony, was at this
Time as well as long before, out upon the Chafe
with but eighteen Englifh, and twenty two In-
dians that were Friends, had four feveral Engage-
ments with Philips Party, wherein he fpoiled
feventy fix of the Enemy, without the Lofs of
one of his own Men. In feveral of thefe Skir-
mifhes, thofe Indians that upon Submiffion had
their Lives given them, have done notable Ser-
vices in hunting out the Enemy in all their lurk-
ing Places. '^^^

At another Time they took Philips Squaw, and
one of his chief Councellors ;'^°- and about that
fame Time, another Sachim about Pocaffet, with
forty Indians, fubmitted himfelf to the Govern-
ment of Pli?nouth, on Promife of Life and Liber-
ty.403

It feemed that now the Time of our Deliver-

^01 The Expeditions of Church Awajhotiks. There came with Peter,

are fully detailed in his Work fo one named George, and another

often quoted. See alfo a very ac- named " Dauid, allies Chozvahu7i-

curate and elegant Account of them na." They dcfired to treat for the

by Mr. Baylies in his liijiory of lurrcnder of about thirty Men with

New Plymouth, Part iii. their Wives and Children. The

■1"- Church relates the Capture of Court treated Peter rather gruffly ;

Philip's Wife, and " Son of about quertioning him as a Criminal on

nine Years old," but he gives no Trial. And, although he acquitted

Date. See Etitertainitig llijhry, 1 1 1. himfelf handfomcly, he got no other

Prcvioufly he mentions the Death Satisfaftion than this : " Wee take

of" Philip's old Uncle, Akhompoin" notice of your Tender, foe farr as

who was fhot " by fome brific to waite for further Probation ;"

Bridgewater Lads," as he was crofl"- ordering him to render himfelf and

ing Taunton River on a Tree that others to the Army in the Field,

had been felled acrofs it. and to be at the Difpofal of the

'"•' This Paragraph probably re- Commander. See Plymouth Col.

fers to the " coming in" of Peter Records, v, 201-3.

lOo] with the Indians in New-England, 259

ance was come, and the Time alfo for the
DeftrucStion of our Enemies : for the laft Week
in July,'^°^ the Majfachufets underftanding that
fome Indians were feen roving up and down the
Woods about Dedham, almoft ftarved for want of
Victuals, fent a fmall Company of twenty fix
Soldiers, with about nine or ten Chriftians Indians,
who purfued and took fifty of the Enemy, with-
out any Lofs to the Englifh ; at which Time alfo,
a good Quantity of Wampampeag and Powder
was taken from the Enemy. That which en-
creafed this Viftory was the Slaughter of Pomham,
who was one of the ftouteft and moft valiant
Sachims that belonged to the Narhaganfets ;
whofe Courage and Strength was fo great, that
after he had been mortally wounded in the Fight,
fo as himfelf could not ftand : yet catching hold
of an Englifli man that by Accident came near
him, had done him a Mifchief, if he had not
been prefently refcued by one of his Fellows.
Amongft the Reft of the Captives at that Time,
was one of the faid Fomhams Sons, a very likely
Youth, and one whofe Countenance would have
befpoke Favour for him, had he not belonged to fo
bloody and barbarous an Indian as his Father was.
Thefe SuccelTes being daily bruited abroad
among the Indians, put many of them into a
trembling Condition, not knowing well how to
difpofe of themfelves ; fome that had been lefs

Jo-ijuly 25th. Mather, Brief /?zV/^, 137, the Date is July 27th.
Hijlory, 180-1 ; but in the Chro- Sec alfo Gookin, 112.

2 6o A Narrative of the Troubles [ i o i

A6tive in thefe Tragedies, and were rather led by
others, than any wife inclined to Mifchief them-
felves, adventured to fubmit themfelves, of which
Number was one of [loi] Nipnet Sachims, called
Sagamore John, who July 27, came to furrender
himfelf to the Governour and Council of the
Majfachujets at BcJIon, bringing along with him one
hundred and eighty of the Enemy Indians, This
'John, that he might the more ingratiate himfelf
with the Englifli, whofe Friendship he was now
willing to feek after, did by a Wile get into his
Hands one Matoonas, and old malicious Villian,
who was the iirft that did any Mifchief within
the Majfachnfets Colony ^ July 14, 1675, bearing an
old Grudge againft them as is thought, for Juftice
that was done upon one of his Sons, i67i,''-°5
whofe Head ever lince ftands upon a Pole near
the Gibbet where he was hanged up': the bring-
ing in of this malicious Caitiff, was an hopeful
Prefage, that it would not be long before Philip
himfelf, the grand Villian, would in like Manner,
receive a juft Reward of his Wickednefs and
Murders.

Sagamore 'John, that came in July 27, affirmed,
that he had never intended any Mifchief to the
Englifli at Brookfield the laft Year (near which
Village it feems his Place was) but that Philip
coming over-night amongft them, he was forced,
for Fear of his own Life, to joyn with them
againft the Englifli. Matoonas alfo, when he was

!"-5 For the Murder of Zachary Smith. Sec Note 72, ante.

loi] with the Indians in New-England, 261

brought before the Council, and afked what he
had to fay for himfelf, confelfed that he had
rightly deferved Death, and could expedt no other ;
adding withal, that if he had followed their
Counfel he had not come to this : for he had
often feemed to favour the. Praying Indians, and
the Chriftian Religion, but like Sifnon Magus, by
his after Practice, difcovered quickly, that he had
no Part nor Portion in that Matter.^°^

About this Time feveral Parties of Englifh,
within Plimoiith Jurifdid:ion, were willing to have
a Hand in fo good a Matter, as catching of Philip
would be, who perceiving that he was now going
down the Wind, were willing to haften his Fall.
Amongft others a fmall Party, July 31, went out
of Bridgwater upon difcovery, and by Providence
were direfted to fall upon a Company of Indians
where Philip was ; they came up with them, and
killed fome of his fpecial Friends ; Philip himfelf
was next to his Uncle, that was £hot down, and
had the Soldier had his Choice which to fhoot
at, known which had been the right Bird, he
might as well have taken him as his Uncle, but
'tis faid that he had newly cut off his Hair, that
he might not be known •.'^°'' the Party that did
this Exploit were few in Number, and therefore
not being able to keep altogether clofe in the
Reer, that cunning Fox efcaped away through
the Bushes undifcerned, in the Reer of the Eng-

40 ' See Old Indian Chronicle. was the Day following the Death of

'"'"This is very different from . Akkompoin. See Church, no, aKo
Church's Account. Philip's Efcape Baylies, ZV. P/ym. iii.

262 A Narrative of the Troubles [102

lifli. That which was moft remarkable in this
Delign, was that trembhng Fear difcerned to be
upon the Indians at this Time, infomuch that one
of them having a Gun in his [102] Hand well
laden, yet was not able to fhoot it off, but luffered
an Englifh Soldier to come clofe up to his Breaft,
and lb fliot him down, the other not being able
to make any Refiftance : nor was any of the
Englilh hurt at this Time.

The like Terror was feen in others at that
Time ; for within two Days after, Capt. Church,
the Terror of the Indians in Piif?ioiith Colony,
marching in purfuit of Philip, with but thirty
Englilh-men, and twenty reconciled Indians, took
twenty three of the Enemy, and the next Day
following them by their Tradis, fell upon their
Head-Quarters, and killed and took about an
hundred and thirty of them, but with the Lofs
of one EngliJJj Man ;^°'^ in this Engagement God
did appear in a more than ordinary Manner to
fight for the Englifh : for the Indians by their
Number, and other Advantages of the Place,
were fo conveniently provided, that they might
have made the firft Shot at the Englifli, and done
them much Damage ; but one of their own
Country-men'^°9 in Capt. Churc/is Company efpy-

"'~ Thomas Lucas, of Plymouth, this Indian, and though Mr. Hub-

who "not being fo careful as he bard feems to have got his Account

might have been about his Stand, from Mather, he omits the Name

was killed." Church 115, and of the Indian; and even Church,

Book of the hidians, 225. who is exceedingly minute, omits the

Namealfo. ^cc Brief Ilijhry, 188;

■^^^'■^ Matthias. We are indebted Church, 114. The Affair took

to Dr. I. Mather for the Name of place on Auguft ift.

I02] with the Indians in New- England. 263

ing them, called aloud unto them in their own
Language, telling them, that if they pot a Gun,
they were all dead Meyi ; with which they were fo
amazed, that they durft not once offer to fire at
the Englifli, which made the Vicflory the more
remarkable : Philip made a very narrow Efcape
at that Time, being forced to leave his Treafures,
his beloved Wife and only Son, to the Mercy of
the Englifli, Skin for Skin, all that a Man hath
will he give for his Life: His Ruine being thus
gradually carried on, his Mifery was not pre-
vented but augmented thereby ; being himfelf
made acquainted with the Sence and experi-
mental Feeling of the captivity of his Children,
lofs of his Friends, llaughter of his Subjedis, be-
reavement of all Family Relations, and being
ftript of all outward Comforts, before his own
Life ihould be taken away. Such Sentence fome-
time pafied upon Cain, made him cry out, that
his Punifiment was greater than he could bear.

This bloody Wretch had one Week or two
more to live, an Objed: of Pity, but a Spediacle of
Divine Vengeance ; his own Followers beginning
now to plot againfh his Life, to make the better
Terms for their own, as they did alfo feek to be-
tray Squaw Sac him of PocaJJet, Philip's near Kinf-
woman and Confederate.''-'" For,

Auguft 6. An Indian willing to fhift for him-
felf, fled to Tauiiton, offering to lead any of the

^^'^ Weetamoo. Or, as Captain Thus, likewife, Mrs. Rowlandfon
Church has the Name, Wittntnore. has it.

2 64 ^ Narrative of the Troubles [103

Engllfli that would follow him, to a Party of In-
diaiis, which they might ealily apprehend ; which
twenty attempted, and accordingly feized the
whole Company to the Number of twenty lix ;
all but that Squaw Sachim herfelf, who intending
to make an Efcape from the Danger, attempted
to get over a River or Arm of the Sea near [103]
by, upon a Raft or fome Peices of broken Wood ;
but whether tired and fpent with Swimming, or
ftarved with Cold and Hunger, flie was found
ftark naked in Metapoifet, not far from the Water-
fide ; which made fome think, that Ihe was lirfl:
half drowned, and fo ended her wretched Life
juft in that Place where the Year before Ihe had
helped Philip to make his Efcape : her Head be-
ing cut off and fet upon a Pole in Tauntojj, was
known by fome Indians then Prifoners, which fet
them into an horrid Lamentation ;'^" but fuch

■'1' Such was the melancholy Fate dering her Hair and painting her
ofthe once proud Oueen of Pocaffet, Face, going with her Necklaces,
who before the War is faid to have with Jewels in her Ears, and Brace-
had large and valuable Poffeffions. lets upon her Hands. When fhe
" She is as potent a Prince as any had dreffed herfelf, her Work was
round about her, and hath as much to make Girdles of Wampum and
Corn, Land, and Men at her Com- Beads." At a Dance flie is thus
mand." Chronicle, 6. She be- defcribed : " She had a kerfey Coat,
came the Wife of a great Chief covered with Girdles of Wampum
named ^nmiapin, who being at from the Loins upward. Her Arms
the facking of Lancafter became from her Elbows to her Hands were
poncfled of Mrs. Rowlandfon as covered with Bracelets. There were
his Prifoncr, and hence the Slave of Handfuls of Necklaces about her
I'Veetamoo. "A fcvere and proud Neck, and feveral forts of Jewels in
Dame flie was," fays Mrs, R , her Ears, She had fine red Stock-
" bellowing every Day in drefling ings, and white Shoes, her Hair
herfelf near as much Time as any powdered, and her Face painted
of the Gentry of the Land : Pow- red, that was always before black.

103] 'With the Indians in New-England. 265

was the righteous Hand of God, in bringing at
the laft that Mifchief upon themfelves, which
they had without Caufe thus long adted againft
others.

Philip, Kke a Salvage and wild Beaft, having
been hunted by the Englilh Forces through the
Woods, above an hundred Miles backward and
forward, at laft was driven to his own Den, upon
Mount-hope, where retiring himfelf with a few of
his beft Friends into a Swamp, which proved but
a Prifon to keep him faft, till the MelTengers of
Death came by Divine Permiffion to execute
Vengeance upon him, which was thus accom-
plifhed.

Such had been his inveterate Malice and Wick-
ednefs again ft the Englifli, that defpairing of
Mercy from them, he could not bear that any
thing fhould be fuggefted to him about a Peace,
infomuch as he caufed one of his Confederates
to be killed for propounding an Expedient of
Peace ;'^'^ which fo provoked fome of his Com-
pany, not altogether fo defperate as himfelf, that
one of them (being near of kin that was killed)

And all the Dancers were after the Doings above a Quarter of a Cen-

fame Manner." Captivity, 63-4, tury after this Faft was written,

73. Edition, 1828. A magnificent fpealss as though Philip had killed

Subjedl for a Poet, itjnuft be con- the Man himfelf, which is improba-

fefled, but the Authors of Tamoy- ble ; for, from the Infight I have

den, fignally failed in their Attempt been able to obtain of his Charafter,

to diftinguiih "Tocaflet's Warrior I do not think he ever had the

gueen." Courage to commit Murder. See

Church, 121 ; Mather, Brief Hif-

'*i'-* Church, who recorded his tory, 193-4.

Nn

2 66 A Narrative of the Troubles [103

fled to Road-Ifland (whither, that adlive Cham-
pion Capt. Church was newly retired, to recruit
his Men for a Httle Time, being much tired with
hard Marches all that Week) informing them
that Philip was fled to a Swamp in Mount-
hope whither he would undertake to lead them
that would purfue him. This was welcome
News, and the befl; Cordial for fuch martial
Spirits \^^^ whereupon he immediately, with a
fmall Company of Men, part Englifh and part
Indians, began another March, which fhall prove
fatal to Philip, an end that Controverfle betwixt
the Englifh and him : for coming very early
to the flde of the Swamp, his Soldiers began pre-
fently to furround it, and whether the Devil
appeared to him in a Dream that Night, as he
did unto Saul, foreboding his tragical End (it
matters not) ;''-''^ as he intended to make his
Efcape out of the Swamp, he was fhot through
the Heart by an Indian of his own Nation, as is
faid, that had all this while kept himfelf in a
Neutrality until this Time, but now had the caft-

■''■■^" Capt. Church being now at (like the IVIan in the Army of Mi-
Plymouth again, weary and worn, dian) had been dreaming that he
would have gone Home to his Wife was fallen into the Hands of the
and Family, but the Government Englifli ; and now jufl: as he was
being iblicitous to engage him in the telling his Dream with Advice
Service until Philip was flain, and unto his Friends to fly for their
promifing him Satisfaction and Re- Lives, left the Knave who had newly
drefs for fome Miftreatment that he gone from them, fliould fhew the
had met with, he fixes for another Englifli how to come at them, Capt.
Expedition." Entertaining liijlory. Church wiih his Company fell upon
120. them." C. Mather (in Brief II if-

"'"That very Night Philip /■ory), 196.

104] with the Indians in New-England, 267

ing-vote in his Power, by which he determined
the Quarrel that had held fo long in Sufpenfe,+^5
in him is fulfilled what was faid in the Prophet,
Wo to thee that fpoileth, and thou waft not fpoikdy
and dealejl [104] treacherou/Iyy and they dealt not
treacheroujly with thee ; when thou floalt make an
End to deal treacheroujly^ they Jliall deal treacher- .
oujly with thee^ Ifa. 33. i.

With Phtlip at this Time fell five of his trued
Followers, of whom one was faid to be the Son
of his chief Captain, that had fhot the firfl: Gun
at the Englifh the Year before.''-'^ This was done

'''•''The fancy Name of this In-
dian was Alderman ; given him by
the Englifh of courfe. His Indian
Name does not appear. " Philip
having one very remarkable Hand,
being much fcarred, occafioned by
the fplitting of a Piftol in it formerly,
Capt. Church gave the Head and
that Hand to Alderman, the Indian
who (hot him, to fhow to fuch Gen-
tlemen as would bellow Gratuities
upon him ; and accordingly he got
many a Penny by it." Entertain-
ing Hijlory, 126. Th\s Alder??ian,
according to Dr. I. Mather, for-
merly belonged to Squaw-Sachim
[Weetamoo'} of Pocaffbt. In the
Beginning of the War he came to
the Governor of Plymouth, ma-
nifefting his Defire to be at peace
with the Englifh, and immediately
withdrew to an Ifland, not having
engaged againft the Englifh nor for
them, before this Time.'' Brief
Hijlory, 194-5.

'"'5 Church does not tell us who ii8, 120.

were killed with Philip, while it ap-
pears from Dr. Mather's Account
that but two of Philip's Party efcap-
ed ; for he fays it confifted of only
feven. See Brief Hijlory, 194.
But this does not agree with Church's
Narrative. That fays many of the
Indians efcaped from the Swamp at
a Point not guarded by Church's
Men. See Entertaining Hi'l., 125.
Annawon was prefent with Philip,
and we ar,; told that he called on
his Men " to ftand to it and fight
ftoudy." Ibid. Church had with
him a Number of his old and tried
Soldiers, but he does not inform us
who they were, except a few inci-
dentally. Doubtlefs Lieut. Jabez
Howland and William [B. ?] South-
worth were among thofe who went
from Plymouth with him. On
Rhode Ifland he was joined by Maj.
Peleg Sanford and Capt. Roger
Golding. Thefe were at the killing
of Philip. Entertaining Hijiory,

268 A Narrative of the Troubles [ 1 04

Augull: 12. 1676, a remarkable Teftimony of
divine Favour to the Colony of Plimouth, who
had for their former Succelfes, appointed the ijth
Day of Auguft following, to be kept as a Day of
folemn Thankfgiving to Almighty God. There
having been fo ftrange a Turn of Providence
obferved in the late Succelfes obtained in and
about Plimouth Colony, it may not be amifs here
to enquire into the Occafions that did lead there-
unto, and alfo into the Progrefs and Continuance
thereof, after the Slaughter of Philip, that grand
Rebel.

In the precedent Narration frequent Mention
hath been made of one Capt. Church, whom God
hath made an Inftrument of lignal VicStories over
the Indians in that Colony, and of great Advan-
tage in that Refpe6t to that whole jurifdidlion.
It hapned that the laid Capt. Church fome time
in Jufie laft''-'^ viz. of this prefent Year, 1676,
pafling over in a Canoo, from Focajfet to Road-
IJland, as he ufed frequently to do (having had
much Employment upon the faid Neck of Land,
fo called) feveral Indians whom he had known
before at Lakenham^^^ (a Village near Pocajfet)
beckned to him, as if they had a Mind to fpeak
with him ; he having had fo much Experience

^1^ Church was at Plymouth on fee a Rod before him." Seep. [107,

the 8th of June, and fet out imme- onward. The Name has long fince

diately for Rhode Ifland. Enter- given place to another. Plymouth

taining Hijiory, 74. included it at that Day. It was an

imported Name, and fo called from

"■"Upon Pocaffct Neck, fo Z,^,fif«^^w in the County of Norfolk,

full of Buflies that a Man could not near Norwich, England, probably.

105] 'yoith the Indians in New-Engla?td. 269

as well as others of their Treachery, was not will-
ing to adventure prefently to come near them ;
but when they feemed to urge very much, and
made many Signs to him, and at laft laid down
their Guns in his Sight, he began to think with
himfelf, there might be fomething in the Matter
more than ordinary, therefore refolved to go a
little nearer to the Shore, and then he perceived
they had a great Mind to fpeak with him, uling
much importunity for that End, infomuch as he
ventured to go afliore amongft them, having but
one Englifh-man, and two Indians with him ; he
dired:ed them to keep off the Canoo, while he
difcourfed with the Indians afhore : as foon as
ever he came amongft them, they told him they
were weary of fighting, and that they had fought
fo long by Philip'' s Inftigation, but they could
not tell for what End, and therefore were refolved
they would fight no longer ; and that which they
defired of him, only was, that he would make
Way for them to the Governour, that they may
live quietly amongft the Englifti, as they had
done before, and that they would deliver up their
Arms, or would go out with them, if he pleafed
to accept of them, and fight for him: [105] to
that End they defired a Time to parly with him
further about that Bufinefs, at what Time and
Place he would appoint : He told them he would
meet them two Days after at Sacojiet, a Place up
higher upon the faid Neck, about twelve a Clock;
accordingly he came to the faid Place, and found

270 A Narrative of the Troubles [105

the fame Indians^ with fome others, and their
Siinke Squaw, ^^"^ or chief Woman of that Indian
Plantation, there ready to meet him.

After they had fallen into Difcourfe about the
Beginning of the War, as well as the Succefs and
Mifchief of it, they would have put the Blame
off from themfelves, and laid it upon the Englifli :
but he prefently convinced them by an undenia-
ble Evidence, that they firft began the War ; For
faid he upon this Focajfet, July 7, 1675, you firft
fought with fome of Road-IJland, whereof one
was my own Servant, whofe Leg you broke, and
the fame Day you fhot at myfelf and Company,
before ever we meddled with you : They were
fo fully convinced herewith, that they found no-
thing to reply, but fell into other Difcourfe about
a Peace, which they feemed very defirous to ob-
tain upon any equal Terms, as was faid before.''-^°

There were about fifteen of the Indians pre-
fent, befide their Sunke Squaw (which is with us
their Governefs or Lady) ; in Concluiion they
engaged for ever after to leave Philip, and to go
out with him ; which they did forthwith, as foon
as he had obtained a Peace for them with the
Governour.

It is here to be minded, that thefe were not
properly Philip's Indians, but belonged to the
Sakonet Squaw, who was nearly related to Philip,
and her Subjects had hitherto fought in Philip's

419 ■\Vcctamoo. 6'^»/tf was a Name ''^n Compare this Accoiiiu with

by which the Wife of a Sachem was that of Church, commencing at
known among the Narraganfcts. Page 75 of Entertaining Ilijiory.

1 06] with the Indians of New-England. 271

Quarrel, till they faw nothing but Mifery and
Mifchief like to be the Iflue of it to themfelves,
as well as their Neighbours. About twenty or
thirty of thefe Sakonet Indians have conftantly
gone out with Capt. Church ever fince, and not
only been faithful and ferviceable to him, but
very fuccefsful in every Enterprife they have
gone about ; nor hath he loft any of them in any
Skirmifh with the other hidians ; Audit is faid
that this Ad: of thefe Indians broke Philip's Heart
as foon as ever he underftood it, fo as he never
joyed after, or had any Succefs in any of his De-
figns, but loft his Men one Time after another,
till himfelf at laft fell into the Hands of thefe
Indians under Capt. Churches Command : For at
the Swamp when Philip was flain, Capt. Church
appointed an Englifti Man and an hidian to ftand
at fuch a Place of the Swamp, where it hapned
that Philip was breaking away \^^^ the Morning
being wet and rainy, the Englifti Mans Gun
would not fire, the Indian having an old Muftcet
with a large [106] Touch-hole, it took fire the
more readily, with which Philip was defpatched,
the Bullet pafting diredly through his Heart,

''■•^i " Capt. Church knowing that taking care to place them at fuch

it was Philip's Cuftom to be fore- Diftance, that none might pafs un-

moft in the Flight, went down to difcovered between them. It being

the Swamp and gave Capt. [John] fomewhat farther through the Swamp

Winiams of Scituate the Command than he was aware of, he wanted

of the right Wing of the Ambufh, men to make up his Ambufcade."

and placed an Englifhman and an Hence the Efcape of fome of Philip's

Indian together behind fuch fhclters Party as already mentioned. See

of Trees, &c., as he could find. Entertaining Hijiory, 122, 125.

272 A Narrative of the Troubkii [106

where yoab thrufl: his Darts into the rebellious
AbfaJotnX"

Thus did Divine Vengeance retaliate upon this
notorious Traitor, that had againft his League
and Covenant rifen up againft the Government
of Pli??ioiith, to raife up againft him one of his
own People, or one that was in League with him,
as he was with the Englifti : The Indian that did
this Execution was called Alderman of Sakonet
that had never done any Ad: of Hoftility againft
the Englifti.

By thefe Paftages it is manifeft, that as the
Hearts of all are in the Hands of God^ fo he turns
them as he pleafes, either to favour his People, or
to hate and deal fubtilly with his Servants, as
feems good to him.

Since this Engagement with the Sakonet In-
dians, to leave Philip, and to go out with Capt.
Church, it is credibly affirmed ; that fuch hath
been their Succefs, that fince fiine aforefaid, to
the end of OBober next following, there have
been feven hundred Indians fubdued, either by
killing or taking Captive, by the means of Capt.
Church and his Company, part Indians, and part
Englifti, befides three hundred that have come

4"-^"-^ And, fays Dr. I. Mather, 17th. Philip's Head was fct up on

" Thus did God break the Head of the Fort there, where it remained a

that Leviathan, and give it to be quarter of a Century or more, as it

Meat to the People inhabiting the appears from what Dr. C. Mather

Wildernefs, and brought it to the fays in his Account of the War,

Town of Plymouth, the very Day who took away one of the Jaws.

of their folcmn Fcftival." Auguft 'SiO.c Brief Hi Jlory, 197.

io6] with the India77s in New-England. 273

in voluntarily to fubmit themfelves to the Gov-
ernment of Plimouth.

It appears thus by the Sequel of things, that
after the Lord hath accomplifhed his Work upon
his People, that he is beginning to call his Ene-
mies to an Account, and punifh them for the
Pride of their Hearts, and for all their Treachery
and Cruelty againft his Servants.

Philifs Captains have run the fame Fate with
himfelf, fome before and fome after his own Fall.

In June lall one Tiafiq^'-^ a great Captain of
his, his Wife and Child or Children being taken,
though he efcaped himfelf at firft, yet came lince
and furrendered himfelf.

The next noted Captain of Philifs Indians that
was brought in after Philip's Death, was one called
Tefpiquiny^^"^ a notorious Villian, next to Philip, he
was called the black Sachems Son : It was this
Tefpiquin that burnt fo many Houfes in Plimouth
lately. +-5 Capt. Church with his Company were
in Purfuit of him in September laft, two Days be-
fore they could get near him ; at the laft on the
third Day they found the Track made by the
faid Tefptquijis Party, as they went to fetch Ap-
ples from the Englifh Orchards : This was fome-
thing [of] a blind Track, therefore they were

^-^ Capt. Church gives his name he furrendered to Capt. Church.

Tynjks. The Tranfadion will ever remain a

■•--1 The Name of this noted Chief foul Stain upon the Government of

I find from Deeds and other original Plymouth, ^cq Church, 146.
Vz^x^n vj?isWatufpequin. He with ^-■' On the nth of May they

others was fliot at PlymouthjContrary burnt eleven Houfes. See tf»/^ f .

to the exprefs Conditions on which 220, and Davis's Morton, 444.

Oo

2 74 A Narrative of the T'roubles [107

forced to take up their Quarters that Night
without dilcovering any Place of their Rendez-
vouz. The next Morning about nine of the
Clock, they came to their firfi: Rendezvouz, from
which they were newly gone : at One a Clock
they came to the fecond, and miffihg [107] them
there, they foon after came to the third Track,
wherein after they had marched awhile, they
perceived they grew very near them, by the cry-
ing of a Child which they heard : the Place was
near Lakenham upon PocaJJet Neck, fo full of
Buflies that a Man could not fee a Rod before
him : Captain Church ordered his Men to March
up together in one Rank, becaufe he difcovered
the Indiiins were laid in one Range by feveral
Fires, fo that by that Time they all came up into
an even Rank pretty near together, within a few
Yards of them, as he had appointed, they all
fuddenly ruflied altogether in upon them, and
catch ed hold of them, not fuffering any to efcape ;
there being about fifty of them in all : Tefpiqiiins
Wife and Children were there, but himfelf was
abfent, as alfo one 'Jacob, and a Girl that belong-
ed to that Company. The Captain's Leifure
would not ferve him to wait till they came in
(though the hidians faid they might come that
Night), wherefore bethought upon this Project;
to leave two old Sqiiawes upon the Place with
Victuals, and bid them tell Tejpiqui?i, that he
fliould be his Captain over his Lilians if he were
found fo flout a Man, as they reported him to

1 07 ] 'with the Indians in New-England, 275

be ; for the Indians had faid that Tefpiquin could
not be pierced by a Bullet ; for faid they, he was
{hot twice, but the Bullets glanced by him and
could not hurt him. Thus the Captain marched
away with his Booty, leaving this Trap behind
him to take the Reft ; the next Morning he
came to fee what his Trap had catch'd, there he
found Jacob aforefaid (a notorious Wretch) and
the Girl he miffed before, but not Tefpiqnin:
But within a Day or two after, the faid Tefpiquin,
upon the Hopes of being made a Captain under
Capt. Churchy came after fome of the Company,
and fubmitted himfelf in the Captain's Abfence ;
and was fent to Plimouth, but upon Trial (which
was the Condition on which his being promifed
a Captain's Place under Capt. Church did depend)
he was found penetrable by the Englifti Guns,
for he fell down at the iirft Shot, and thereby
received the juft Reward of his former Wicked-
nefs.^^^

About a Fortnight after the furpriling of Tef-
piquin, was one Totofons Company taken, wherein
were above fifty Perfons : but Totofon himfelf
efcaped, and is out ftill in Rebellion, unlefs Ven-
geance hath overtaken him fince.'^^^

The next that was feized after the former, was
one called Annawan ; a very Subtil politick Fel-

42fiThebad Faith of the Gov- 4-27 in fpeaking of Totofon's Death,

ernment in thus putting to Death Church is very prolix ; butiflmif-

thofe who had furrendered on a take not his meaning, the " famous"

promife of good Quarter, is fingu- Chief died of Sicknefs not long after

larlyin Contraft with the Charafter Tifpequin's Execution. "^t^Church,

of many of the Plymouth People. 1 19.

276 A Na rrat ive of the Tro ubles [108

low, and one of Philips chief Councellors ; he
had about twelve Men, and as many Women and
Children in his Company, who were difcuvered
by their Ihooting at the Englifli Horfes, and other
Cattel ; fome of whom being taken, they made
known the^ Reft. Capt. Church at that Time
had but five Englifli-men, and twenty Indians.
[108] The Place where this Armawan had be-
taken himfelf, was a Ledg of Rocks inacceffible
but at one Place, which by a few Hands might
eafily have been defended againft a great Num-
ber of Alfailants:^-^ but Capt. Church by Direc-
tion got up to their Wigwams before they were
aware: and pleafantly told Annawan that he had
come to fup with him that Night ; whereat the
faid A?inawan (who had fallen flat upon the Earth,
exped;ing to have his Head cut off) looked up
and cried Taubut^'^-'^ in their Language, tha?ik you,
as one being much affected with the Generolity
of our Englifh Captain ; they found fome of the
Englifli Beef boiling in their Kettles : After
Supper much Difcourfe had with the laid Aiina-
ivan, they lay down to fleep together in the Wig-
wam : Capt. Church laying one of his Legs upon
Annawan's Son, and the other upon himfelf, that
he might have Notice if any of them offered to
ftir : after Midnight Annawan rofe up, and Capt.
Church was prefently awake, and intended to

•1- ■ I made a rude Sketch of the ''-" According to Heckcweldcr

Place, which was engraved upon a the fame Word was in ufc among

copper Plate for my Edition of the Delawares and had the fame

Church's Hiftory. Signification.

I o8 ] with the Indians in New- England. 277

watch after his Prifoner : he thought at the firft
he might have gone forth upon fome necelfary
Occalion ; but not long after, he returned again,
having fetched out of a Swamp hard by, two
Horns of Powder, and a large Belt of Peag, fup-
pofed to be J^hilifs Belt, all which he delivered
to Capt. Church, in way of thankful Acknow-
ledgment of his Courtefie. Amongft other Dif-
courfe that palled between them, concerning the
Occalion of the War, and carrying of it on, the
Indian would fain have excufed Philips and laid
the Blame upon the Praying-/W//^;/j-'^3o (^as they are
diftingui£hed from others by that Character) and
others of the younger Sort of his Followers, who
coming with their feveral Tales (which he liken-
ed to Sticks laid on a Heap) till by the Multitude
of them a great Fire came to be kindled ;'^3i
they make much ufe of Parabolical Expreffions ;
for fo faid Solomon, Where no V/ood is, there the Fire
goetk out ; fo where there is no Tale-bearer the Strife
ceafeth, Prov. 26. 20. But Philip had large and
long Experience of the Gentlenefs and Kindnefs
of the Englifh both to himfelf and to his People,
io as unlefs he had born an evil and malicious
Mind againft the Englifh, he would never have
hearkened to thofe Stories, contrary to his faith-
ful Promife and Allegiance.

The faid Ajinawan q.oWIq^q\}[\. alfo, that he did

"•^o Church does not mention this. ■'■^' This forcibly reminds us of

Indeed his Account of what pafled the Reply made by another great

in Converfation between himfelf Chief on quite a different Oc:afion.

and Annawan is very meagre. Sec Book of the Indians, 536.

278 A Narrative of the Troubles [109

believe by all thofe late Occurrents, that there
was a great God that over-ruled all ; and that he
had found, that whatever he had done to any of
thofe, whether hidians or Englifli, the fame was
brought upon himfelf in after-time. He contelfed
alfo, that he had put to Death feveral of the Eng-
lifli, that they had taken alive, ten in one Day :
and could not deny but that fome of them had
been tortured : and now he could not but fee the
Juftice of the great God upon himfelf, with
many other Things of like Nature. [109] But
whatever his Confeffions of this Nature were,
being forced from him by the Power of Con-
fcience, after he was delivered up to Authority,
he was put to Death, as he juftly had deferved.^^^^
It is faid that Philip when he firft began his
Rebellion, had about three hundred fighting Men
under him, befides thofe that belonged to his
kinfwoman JVetamoe, drowned about Taunton^
that had almofi: as many under her as himfelf.
And one ^lenopi?!, a Narhaganfet Sachim, that
lived near him, and joyned with him in his
Quarrel with the Englifh : But it is certain that
there are fcarce any that are now left that be-
longed to either of them : fo as although the
Almighty hath made Ufe of them to be a Scourge
to his People, he hath now turned his Hand

''^- This Account of the Confef- heard of his Execution with Sad-

fions of Annavvon is not mentioned nefs, and was " greatly grieved " in

by Church or any other of the Confcqucncc, as will ever be the

early Writers. On the other humane Reader. See Eiitertaining

Hand there is Evidence that Church Hijhry, 1 46.

109] with the Indians in New-England. 279

againft them, to their utter Deftrudlion and Ex-
tirpation from off the Face of the Earth, perad-
venture to make Room for others of his People
to come in their Room, and in their Stead.

As for the Reft of the Narhaganfets that
joyned in Philip's Quarrel, it is already declared
what End they were come unto. As for the
Reft of the Indians^ whether Nipnct, Nafliaway^
Pacomptuck, or Hadly and Springfield Indians ; it
is not fo certain what has become of them : But
after their Seperation one from the other about
'July laft, it was obferved by all the Tracts in
thofe Woods, they went ftill Weftward, and about
the Middle of Augiifi laft, a great Party of them
were obferved to pafs by Wefifield, a fmall Town
to the Weft of Springfield, and were judged to be
about two hundred : News thereof being brought
to Major Talcot, he with the Soldiers of ConneBi-
cut Colony under his Command, both Englifh and
Indians, purfued after them as far as Aiifiotunnoog'^'>'>
River (in the middle Way betwixt IVefifield and
the Dutch River, and Fort-Albany^ where he
overtook them, and fought with them ; killing
and taking Prifoners forty-live, whereof twenty-
five were fighting Men, without the Lofs of any
one of his Company, befides a Mohegin Indian;
many of the Reft were forely wounded, as ap-
peared by the dabling of the Bufhes with Blood,

43- The modern 7J(?^^/(7///V. The moft other Indian Names. It is
Name was varioufly written, like faid to mean over the Mountain.

2 8 o A Narrative of the T'ronbles [no

as was obferved by them that followed them a
little further.+34

It is written fince from Albany, that there
were fundry Loft belides the forty five foremen-
tioned, to the Number of threefcore in all ; and
alfo that a hundred and twenty of them are lince
dead of Sicknefs : fo as Vengeance feems to be
perfuing of them as well as the Reft-'i^^s

Several of their Friends that belonged to
NaJJjaway, and the Places adjoining, repaired to
Pafcataqua, hoping to fhrowd themfelves under
the Wings of fome honefter Indians about ^lech-
ccbo, under Pretence [iio] of a Declaration fet
out by the Governour and Council of the Majfa-
chufets in the beginning of July laft : but fome of

l-'l Major Pynchon, writing from
Springfield, on the 15th of Augull,
( 1676) laid tiiat tliree Days before,
near 200 Indians were difcovcrcd
within three or four Miles of Weft-
field, and that the People had made
a flight Attack upon them, but the
Indians were fo numerous that they
durft not venture to engage them.
It appears thofc Indians were fleeing
towards the Hudfon River. About
the fame Time Major Talcott ar-
rived at Springfield. He had juft
marched from Ouabaog, where he
had dertroyed the Indian's Corn,
and immediately purfued on after
the Fugitives. They croflcd the
Conncfticut juft below the Great
[Swamfcott] Falls. Tallcott over-
took, and partially furprifed them
on the 19th of Auguft, killing and
taking about forty-five of them.

The Reft efcaped into the fur-
rounding Wilderncfs, and could
not be purfued. See Judd, Hijlory,
Hadky, 181 ; Trumbull, Hijlory,
Conne£iicut, i, 348 9. In a Note
by the Printer of the Stockbridge
Edition of this Work, it is faid,
" This Battle was probably fought
in Stockbridge, near where the
Meeting-houfe now ftands." I
fhould remark, that Mr. Judd'g
Date of the Surprife cannot polTibly
be the true one. It fliould prob-
ably be Auguft 15th. See Colony
Records, Cornie^icut, ii, 469.

'•'■^See feveral Letters refpefling
thofc Indians that fled towards Al-
bany, which paflcd between the
Council of Connefticut and Gov.
Andros, in Colony Records of Con-
neSiicut, ii, 494-7. See alfo Hutch-
infbn's Cols. Qrig. Papers, 476-7.

no] with the Indians in New-England. 281

our Forces under Capt. Hathorne and Capt. Sill,
with the Help of Major Walden, Captain Frojl,
and others refiding in thofe Parts, being then in
a Readinefs, feperated the Vile and Wicked from
the Reft, and fent them down to the Governour
at Bojioriy where eight or nine of the Ring-leaders,
fuch as One-eyed Johjt, Sagamore Sa/n of Najha-
way, chief Actors of the late Outrages and bloody
Mifchiefs, had Juftice done upon them foon
after.+36

As for the Maftacres and Calamities that befell
the Englifli further Eaftward, they fhall in the
fecond Part of this Narrative be declared.

The Indians being thus difperfed feveral Ways,
were ftrangely confounded, and deftroyed one
Parcel after another, untill there was none left
in the Weftern or Southern Parts, that durft
make any Oppofition all the following Part of
the Year:

As for thofe that fled Weftward toward Albany,
we fhall there leave them for the Prefent, wifliing
we may never hear more of them : only a Perfon
of Quality informeth, that at Hartford, in Sep-
tember laft, he was prefent at the Examination of
one Choos an Indian, formerly of ConneBicut, but
one of the Narhaganfet Fort laft Winter, who
confefTed that he was one of that Company of
Indians that went Weftward the Month before

43G \ Number of Englifh Cap- Remarks on this Tranfaftion, in
tives were delivered up at the fame Hi/lory, Nezv IIa?npJkire, i, \^z-^,
Time. See Dr. Belknap's judicious Edition, 1784.

282 A Narrative of the Troubles [no

toward Hudfons River ; but after the Fight at
Aujotunoogy he faid he returned back to ConneBi-
ciit for fear of the Mohaivh : and that he lay
hid about Farmington till he was almoft ftarved :
and then he went to the Seaiide to make ufe of
the Oifter-bank at Stratford for his Relief, where
he was efpied by the Indians^ and fo brought to
Kartford.^^'^

He affirmed, that there were above two hun-
dred and fifty fighting Men amongil: thofe In-
dians that fled Wefi:ward, befides Women and
Children ; and that near two hundred of them
pafTed the great River, below Albany^ and were
llieltered by the Indians of that Place called
Moheganders ; but about eighty of them tarried
on the Hither-fide of that River near a Dutch
Village. But he being convicted of fighting
againfi: the Englifli, was condemned to die, and
executed about the fame Time.

Some few of the Refi: were ficulking about the
Narhaga?ifet Country the lafi: Fall, hoping to
fhelter themfelves under Fncas, but he not will-
ing to give them Countenance againfi: the Mind
of his Friends at ConneBicut, hath fince aban-
doned them to fiiift for themfelves, who have bin
mofi: of them taken and brought in Prifoners to
the Englifli this Winter.

About the month of October lafi:, Mr. Stanton

•'•■'"According to the Tcftimony five, and of the vvorll Charader.

oi Meriowniett, another Indian, at %'zz Colonial Records of ConneBicut,

Hartford, in Augufl: of this Year, ii, 472, 479. Cohas, znd Cohaufe

the Mifchiefs 0^ C /poos were Exten- are Names of the fame Indian.

Ill] with the Indians in New-England. 283

chanced to come from Seaconke with three Indians
in his Company, Pequods or Mohegins ; they [in]
hearing by a Captive at one of the next Towns
that there was a Parcel of the Enemy not far off,
prefently left Mr. Stanton^ and purfued after
them, whom they foon after overtook, and made
them all Prifoners. Amongft them was and old
Man, not able to go their Pace, but promiling
to come after them, they fpared his Life : but as
foon as the Men returned at Night from Hunting,
the old Man told them what had befaln their
Women and Children ; whereupon the next
Morning they prefently following after them,
overtook them, and fo recovered the Prifoners,
and flew one of the three that carried them
away ;''-3^ the other two hardly efcaped ; one of
them is called Major Symon, being Part a Pequod
and Part a Narhaganfet, but of extraordinary
Strength and Courage ; he perceiving the Dan-
ger they were in, challenged to fight Hand to
Hand with any five of them with their Hatchets :
but they unwilling to hang their Succefs upon
the Hazard of a fingle Combate, came all to-
wards him at once, whereupon firft difcharging
his Gun amongft the whole Company, he brake
through them all by Force, and fo efcaped their
Hands, with one more that was of his Compan-
ions. This Simon hath fince been very active in
killing and taking many of the Enemy ; fome

''3S The Author is not often fo enemy Indians flew one of thofc
Prolix as in this Tnftance. I pre- which returned to Stanton. That
fume him to mean, that the returned is, one of Stanton's Indians.

284 A Narrative of the Troubles [iii

fay that he with his own Hands hath taken and
killed above Threefcore ; and either out of Ha-
tred to the Enemy, or Love to the Englifh, is
this laft Week gone with the Soldiers to the
Eaftward, in Purfuit of our Quarrell againft them
in thofe Parts.+39

At another Time not long before, when he
was out againft the Enemy, he came fuddenly
upon a great Number of them, as they were
fpread under a fteep Bank, from whence leaping
down into the Midft of them he killed Divers,
and took others : Fighting it feems is a Recrea-
tion to him, for he is feldom at Home above four
or five Daystogether.

Some fay that in one of his former Expeditions,
being much wearied and fpent, he laid him down
to fleep, but towards Morning he fell into a
Dream, wherein he apprehended the Indiaits
were upon him, where fuddenly rifing up he
efpied the Indians coming toward him, but pre-
fently prefenting his Gun againft them, he fo
frighted them, that they gave him an Oppor-
tunity to make an Efcape from a Multitude of
them.

Since the Beginning of December laft. News
coming down to Bojhn, that Mifchief was done
about Seaconk and Rehoboth, by fome Remainder
of the Indians thereabout, killing their Swine and
Horfes; feveral of Med fie Id went out after them,

'•"Thofc who went under Sill, tioncd. We fliall meet with ano-
and Hathornc. as is elfcwhcre men- ther Simon of a dift'ercnt Charafter.

112] with the Indians in New-England, 285

and purfuing them by their Track, came upon a
fmall Party, of whom they took three, one of
which efcaped, while fome of the Company were
going after the Reft : They which were taken,
confelfed there were a Parcel, about Threefcore,
that were lurking [112] up and down in thofe
Woods : the faid two Indians were brought into
Bopn, "Jan. 8.44°

A Commiffion was formerly granted to Peter
Ephraim an Indian of Natick, to go out in Purfuit
of them, with twenty-nine of his Company: a
Few of the Englifh went with them from
Medjieldy who being tired with marching in the
Snow foon returned. The Indians kept on in
their Defign, and lighted upon a conliderable
Party of the Enemy, having traced them, till
they found where they lodged over Night ; they
furrounded them early in the Morning, as their
Manner is, and then offered them Quarter, if
they would yield : eight refolute Fellows refufed,
who were prefently fhot down, the Reft were all
feized, the Whole being in Number forty two.
This was done about the Middle of January laft,
lince which Timefeveral fuch Exploits have been
done by them.

Jan. 23. laft. The fame Company of Natick
Indians took two and twenty of the Enemy,
among which were five able Men, and five Arms :

440 It fhould be femembered that 25th of March his Dates lliould be
the Author is now writing in 1677. January %th \6j6--j. Sec, as elfc-
Therefore, from this Time till the where explained.

2 86 A Narrative of the Troubles [112

they fent the Prifoners Home by five of their
Company, the Reft went further in the Chafe.

yan. 26. laft, Another Parcel of the Enemy
were brought in, eight in Number, of whom five
were Men ; amongft whom was the bidian called
Cornelius : who three Years fince was indicated
for killing an Englifh-man's Cow ; upon which
he is faid to have uttered feveral threatning
Speeches, that he would kill Englifh-men, and
their Cows too ; which was now remembered
againft him, when he was in Particular called to
Account, for having an Hand in killing fome of
the Englifti and Indians alfo in League with us,
for which he was fentenced to die, and was ac-
cordingly executed on Febr. 15. laft.

Concerning the Reft of the Indians^ either in
the Colony of Flimouth^ Conne5iicut, or the
Majfachufets, there is no Occurrent more of Mo-
ment come to Light, fince the End of Aiiguft laft,
fave what is laft mentioned before ; yet is it very
Remarkable that although Terms of Peace were
offered to all that would come in and furrender
themfelves (as appears by a Declaration put out
in 'July laft) and that a Nipnet Sachem called
John, did thereupon with a confiderable Number
of his Company come in, and offer themfelves,
and were accordingly fecured of their Lives, and
other Concernments ; yet did that treacherous
Varlet make an Efcape away this Winter from
Capt. Prentices Houfe (under whofe Charge he
was put, about Cambridge Village) and with above
twenty more fied away into the Woods, to ftiift

113] "uoith the Indians in New-England. 287

for himfelf amongft the Reft of his bloody Com-
panions ; they were prefently purfued, but had
gone [113] too faft and too far to be overtaken,
whether it were Confcientioufnefs of their own
Guilt, that having had an Hand in the Blood of
the Englifli, they feared Vengeance hung over
their Heads : or whether they liked not the Eng-
lifli Manners fo well, as to be confined there-
unto : Wild Creatures ordinarily love the Liberty
of the Woods, better than the Reftraint of a
Cage ; they made None acquainted with their
Defign before they went away, and as yet little
Account can be given of them : only it is known,
that one or two of their Number have fince been
killed : and that one or two of their Families are
entertained by Vncas, but what is become of the
Reft is yet Uncertain : There were but {^w^n of
the Company, Men ; fo as they are not capable
to do much Michief. Some of Late have trav-
elled through the Woods to ConneBicut, but met
with no Indians, nor did they hear of any in
their palling between that Place and this.

And becaufe in the prefent Narrative, there
hath been frequent Mention made of Vncas the
Mohegin SacJwn, and of his Faithfulnefs to the
Intereft of the Englifh ; I add in this Place, that
it is fufpeded by them that knew him beft, that
in his Heart he is no better aifedted to the Eng-
lifh, or their Religion, than the Reft of his
Country-men : and that it hath been his own
Advantage that hath led him to be thus true to
them who have upheld him, as formerly againfl

2 88 A Narrative of the Troubles [113

the Pequods, fo of Late againft the Narhagan-
fets :^^^ yet hath he not long fince been convinced
of the Truth of our Religion, and Vanity of his
own, as himfelf hath folemnly confelTed, which
will evidently appear by this following Palfage,
which I {hall here reprefent juft as it was, from
under the Hand of that Reverend Perfon it
relates unto, viz. Mr. Fitch, Paftor of the
Church at Norwich, near unto which Vncas his
Place is.

There was a great Drought the laft Summer :
but as it feems, it was more extream in thofe
Parts than with us about the Majjachufets : and
although probably the Englifli might have
prayed for Rain themfelves without any Motion
from the Indians ; yet their Addrefs to the faid
Mr. Fitch on fuch an Account, with the Confe-
quences thereof, is very Remarkable, which take
in his own Words :

Concerjmig the Drought, &c. the true Narrative
of that Providence is this :

■•*• Our Eftimateofthe Charafter He was a confiimmate Knave, but
of Uncas has already been given. The how much of his Knavery he
Author does not make due Allow- learned of the Englifh it'is not worth
ance for the peculiar Circumftances while to inquire. Certain it is he
of the Indians. For the Englifli to made himfelf Indifpenfable to them.,
judge them like others of their own in their Management of the Pe-
Race was exceedingly Unjuil. But quots and Narraganfets. For thofe
this was done, and they were pun- who would extend their Inquiries
iflicd as much for their Ignorance further with Refped to Uncas, I
as Crimes. Uncas was fo long can do no better than to refer them
and fo much in Intercourfc with the to the Hiflory of New Lofidon, by
Settlers, that he underftood them, Mifs Caulkins, a local Hiftory com-
as well, at leafl, as they did him. piled with great Faithfulncfs.

114-] with the htdia7ts in New-England, 289

In Auguft lajl^fuch was the Want of Rain that
the Indian Corn was not not only dryed and
parched up, but the Apple Trees withered, the
Fruit and Leaves fell off as in Autumn, and fotne
Trees fee?ned to be Dead with that Drought : the
Indians ca?ne into the Town and did la77ient their
Want of Rain and that their Pawawes, could get
None in their Way of Worjliip [114] dejiri?ig me
that I would feek to God for Rain ; I appointed a
Faji-day for that PurpoJ'e. The Day being come,
it proved a clear Day without any Clouds, untill
nigh Sunfetting, when he ca??ie from the Meeting,
and then Jbme Clouds arofe, the next Day re?naining
cloudy : then Fncas with many Indians came to my
Hoife, Vncas lamented there was fuch Want of
Rain ; I ajked, whether if God Jhould fend us Rain,
he would not attribute it to their Pawawes ? He
anfwered. No, for they had done their lJtter?nofl,
and all in Vain: I reply ed, if you will declare it
before all the fe Indians, you Jhall fee what God will
do for us ; For although this Tear he hath fiewn
his Anger againft the Englifh, and not only againft
//6f Indians, yet he hath begun to fave us ; and I
have found by Fxperience twice in the like Cafe,
when we fought him by Fajiing and Prayer, he hath
given us Rain, and never denied us. Then Vncas
made a great Speech to the Indians (which were
many ) conj effing, that if God floould then fend Rain,
it could not be afcribed to their Pawawing, but muft
be ack720wledged to be an Anfwer of our Prayers.
This Day the Clouds fpread more and more : and the

290 A Narrative of the Troubles [t 14

next Day there was fiich a PleJity of Rai?i, that our
River roje ?nore than two Foot in Height ^'^-

By all that is recorded in the Narrative fore-
going, there are none into whofe Hands it fhall
come, but will be fenlible that the prefent Time
hath been a Day of great Rebuke and Trouble
to the poor People fojourning in this Wildernefs,
upon whom fundry Calamities have broke in at
once this Lafl as well as in the former Years : in
many Places they have been vifited with Sick-
nefs, and Mortality, more than in many Years
before, depriving them of many worthy and ufe-
ful Perfons ; amongft others, the Lois of Mr.
John Winthrope, the late worthy Governour of the
Colony of ConneBiciit, is, as it ought, much la-
mented by all, who died at Bojion^ April ^^ 1676.
in the 73d Year of his Age ; whither he was oc-
caiionally called the laft Winter to fit with the
Reft of the Commiffioners of the united Colonies,
to confult about the great Affairs of them, now
newly engaged in thefe Troubles from the Hea-
then.'^'^^ He was the eldeft Son of the famous
Governour of the Majjachufets, deceafed, March
26,1649. Proles Jimilifua Parent i. The Memory
of the Father, though he died io long ago, yet

"i^"^ There is another intcrcfting 'i^'^ His Remains were depofitcd in

Story of the ill Succefs of a Pozvow the Winihrop Tomb, King's Chapel

related in the Nezu Englnnd Hijlori- Burying Ground, Bofton. He was a

cal and Geneakgiail Regiftcr, ii, Rcfidcnt of Hartford at the Time of

44. In that Article there is a flight his Death. He was long a Refidentof

Error in the lall Line but one. For New London, and is duly rcmem-

his Author, read his Mother. bered by the Hiftorian of that City.

1 1 5] with the Indians in New-England. 291

lives ftill In the Minds of the furviving Genera-
tion, and is like to continue much longer, by the
Remembrance of the eminent Virtues found in
this the eldeft of his OfF-fpring, who being not
long after, or about that Time called to take up
his Relidence in that Colony, was by the Impor-
tunity of the People there, prevailed with to ac-
cept of the Governours Place, which for a long
Time after, he held over that Colony, [115]
though annually chofen thereunto ; being fo well
furnillied with many excelent Endowments, as
well Moral as Political and Philofophical, which
rendredhim moftfit to be an Healer of that Peo-
ple. Though we are dealing in another Subjed:,
yet Thall not pafs by his Tomb, as we go along,
without paying the Homage due to the Memory
of fo Honourable a Gentleman. '^+''-

After all the forementioned Calamities and
Troubles, it pleafed God to alarm the Town of
Bojiofi, and in them the whole Country, by a fad
Fire, accidentally kindled by the Carelefnefs of
an Apprentice that fat up too late over Night, as
was conceived ; wbich began an Hour before Day,
continuing three or four, in which Time it
burned down to the Ground forty fix Dwelling

■^■1^ I am not aware that a Monu- Stone or Brafs can furnifh. He

ment of any Kind was ever erefted has been called the Father of Bof-

to the Memory of the fecond Gov- ton, but were he alive at this Day,

ernor of MaflTachufetts. Nor is it he probably would not covet the

NeccfTary there fhould be. A Paternity of its crooked Streets, yet

Journal which he kept from his they are the moft confpicuous Mon-

fetting out from England till within uments to his Memory likely to be

a fhort Time of his Death in Bof- ereded. An Edition of his Journal

ton, is a better Monument than with modern Light, is defirable.

292 A Narrative of the Troubles [115

Houfes, befides other Buildings, together with a
Meeting-houfe of conliderable Bignefs : fome
Mercy was obferved mixt with the Judgment :
for if a great Rain had not continued all the
Time (the Roofs and Walls of their ordinary
Buildings conlifting of fuch combuftible Matter)
that whole end of the Town had at that Time
been confumed.'^+5

Whereby we fee that God by his Providence
can turn our Dwellings into Alhes, without the
Help of either foreign or domeftick Enemies,
Which Conlideration may awaken all from Se-
curity and Confidence in thefe uncertain and un-
flable Polfeffions, who have no firmer Foundation,
that may fo foon after their firft Eredion, be
eaten up by the Flames of Fire, before the iron
Teeth of time have had leifure to devour and
feed upon them.

God grant that by the Fire of all thefe Judg-
ments^ we may be purged frof?i our Drofs^ and
become a tnore refined People, as Vef els fitted for our
Mafiers life.

"^ A more particular Account of in the Hifiorj and Antiquities of
this calamitous Fire will be found Bojlon.

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