**************** -k is^ Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities, in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority, and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public. "^^ ^ ^ ^ % ?R^" Jawaharlal Nehru Step Out From the Old to the New ^^iiT'jsiS'SfS^^^^*?*:: •^■•■^^^■r li^ i/ir w w w w w WW ^ ^ ^ tIt w w w BLANK PAGE ^<ii^ UI> PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT 18 1659:2004 ( Wt277 g^^TW ) Indian Standard BLOCK BOARDS — SPECIFICATION (Fourth Revision) ICS 79.060.01 © BIS 2004 BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG NEW DELHI 1 10002 August 2004 Price Group 8 Wood and Other LignoceJlulosic Products Sectional Committee, CED 20 FOREWORD This Indian Standard (Fourth Revision) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized by the Wood and Other Lignocellulosic Products Sectional Committee had been approved by the Civil Engineering Division Council. Block boards are being used in increasing quantities in the construction of railway carriages, bus bodies, marine and river crafts and for furniture making, partitions, panelling, prefabricated houses, etc. This standard was originally formulated in I960 and subsequently revised in 1969, 1979 andl990 to lay down the method of manufacture, tests for such boards and review of species of timber with a view to assuring the optimum performance requirements for different uses. The fourth revision is based on the experience gained in the manufacture and use of block boards over the years and the modifications mainly relate to incorporation of amendments in earlier version, specifying mycological test for MR Grade Boards only and adding spot test for checking preservative treatment; provision of modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity requirements and its test method; including giving dimensions and tolerances in this specification. In the formulation of this standard, due weightage has been given to international co-ordination among standards and practices prevailing in different countries in addition to relating it to the practices in the field in this country. A scheme of labelling environment friendly products to be known as ECO-Mark has been introduced at the instance of the Ministry of Environpient and Forests (MEF), Government of India. The ECO-Mark shall be administered by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) under the BIS Act, 1986 as per the Resolution No. 7 1 dated 21 February 1991 published in the Gazette of the Government of India. For a product to be eligible for ECO- Mark, it shall also carry the Standard Mark of the BIS besides meeting additional optional environment friendly requirements. The composition of the technical committee responsible for the formulation of this standard is given at Annex M. For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard, is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance with IS 2 : 1960 'Rules for rounding off numerical values {revised)'. The number of significant places retained in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard. AMENDMENT NO. 1 NOVEMBER 2009 TO IS 1659 : 2004 BLOCK BOARDS — SPECIFICATION (Fourth Revision) {Page 2, clause 7.3) — Add the following at the end: 'NOTE - Edge straightness and squareness shall be tested as per Annex D.' {Page 2, clause 8.1.5, last line) — Substitute 'Annex E' for 'Annex D'. {Page 3, clause S.2.3, fourth line) — Substitute 'Annex E' for 'Annex D'. {Page 3, clause 9.2.1, first line) — Substitute 'Annex F' for 'Annex E'. {Page 3, clause 9.2.2.1) — Substitute the following for the existing: '9.2.2.1 Test specimens for BWP grade block boards, after soaking in boiling water for 72 h and tested as in Annex G shall comply with the requirements of 9.2.3. Alternatively, the specimens shall be subjected to constant steam pressure inside a vacuum steam pressure test apparatus as described in G-1.1.2 and shall thereafter comply with the requirements of 9.2.3. {Page 3, clause 9.2.2.2, third line) — Substitute 'Annex G' for 'Annex F'. {Page 3, clause 9.2.3, first line) — Substitute 'Annex H' for 'Annex G'. {Page 3, clause 9.2.4, second line) — Substitute 'Annex r for 'Annex H'. {Page 3, clause 9.2.5, second line) — Substitute 'Annex K'/or 'Annex J'. {Page 3, clause 9.2.6, second line) — Substitute 'Annex h' for 'Annex K'. {Page 8, Annex C) — Insert the following Annex at the end and rename the subsequent Annexes accordingly: ANNEX D {Clause 7.3) METHOD OF TEST FOR EDGE STRAIGHTNESS AND SQUARENESS D-1 PROCEDURE FOR EDGE STRAIGHTNESS D-1.1 The straightness of the edges and ends of plywood shall be verified against a straight edge not less than the fiill length of the plywood. If the edge on the end of the plywood is convex, it shall be held against the straight edge in such a way as to give approximately equal gap at each end. The largest gap between the straight edge and the edge shall be measured to the nearest millimetre and recorded. 1 Amend No. 1 to IS 1659 : 2004 D-2 PROCEDURE FOR SQUARENESS D-2.1 The squareness of plywood shall be checked with a square with arms 500 mm long, by applying one arm of the square to the plywood. The maximum width of the gap shall be recorded.' (Page 9, renamed Annex G, clause G-1.1) — Add the following at the end: 'G-1.1.2 Alternate Method of Test Pure water shall be filled in boiler of a vacuum steam pressure test (VPT) apparatus to the marking of minimum water level on glass water level indicator and the boiler shall be switched on with the valve connecting the boiler and main chamber in closed condition. The test specimens shall be placed in the working (main) chamber and shall be closed air-tight with cover. The vacuum pump shall then be switched on and vacuum inlet valve shall be kept in open condition. The steam release valve shall be kept in closed condition. After the required vacuum of 110 ± 10 kPa has been created inside the main chamber, the vacuum pump shall be switched off, the vacuum inlet valve closed and boiler valve connected to main chamber opened. The time shall be noted the moment the steam pressure in the main chamber reaches 220 ±10 kPa and same pressure shall be maintained for six hours. The system and boiler then shall be switched off. The steam release valve and vacuum release valve shall slowly be opened until the steam in the chamber is completely evacuated. The samples shall then be kept in water for 1 hour at 27±2°C. The samples shall thereafter be tested as per 9.2.3.' {Page 14, renamed Annex K, clause K-2) — Substitute 'b = breadth of the test specimen, in mm; '/or '5 = breadth of the test specimen, in mm;' (CED 20) Reprography Unit, BIS, New Delhi, India AMENDMENT NO. 2 NOVEMBER 2011 TO IS 1659 : 2004 BLOCK BOARDS - SPECIFICATION (Fourth Revision) [Page 3, clause 9.2.6 {see also Amendment No. 1)] — Substitute the following for the existing: 'When preservative treated in accordance with 6.1, the block board shall be tested according to the method given in Annex L. The preservative treatment at any given place after cutting across entire cross-sectional area for the width of the block board shall show through and through penetration of preservative chemical.' (CED 20) Reprography Unit, BIS, New Delhi, India IS 1659:2004 Indian Standard BLOCK BOARDS — SPECIFICATION (Fourth Revision) I SCOPE This standard covers the essential requirements of commercial and decorative block boards meant both for interior and exterior uses. 2 REFERENCES The standards listed in Annex A contain provisions which through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision and parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated. 3 TERMINOLOGY 3.0 For the purpose of this standard, the definitions given in IS 707 and the following shall apply. 3.1 Block Boards Block board is a board having a core made up of strips of wood, not exceeding 30 mm in width, which may or may not be glued together and the core is glued to two or more veneers, on either side with grain direction of core and veneers running at right angles to one another. 4 GRADES AND TYPES 4. 1 Block boards shall be of the following two grades: a) BWP Grade — Such block board may be used for bus bodies, railway coaches, prefabricated houses, etc, where it is likely to be exposed to high humidity and for external use. b) MR Grade — Such block board may be used for interior use such as furniture, partition, panelling, ceiling, etc. 4.2 Each of the grades specified in 4.1 shall be of the following two types: a) Decorative Type — These are block boards with decorative face veneers on one or both sides for use in high class furniture, panelling, interior decoration, partitions, etc. b) Commercial Type — These are block boards with veneers of commercial timber on both sides and are used for ordinary furniture, table tops, partitions and panelling to be painted over flooring and seats of bus bodies, railway carriages, etc. 4.3 The grades and types of block boards shall be represented by the symbols given below: Grade and Type Symbol BWP Grade, Decorative type BWP- DEC BWP Grade, Commercial type BWP-COM MR Grade, Decorative type MR-DEC MR Grade, Commercial type MR-COM 5 MATERIALS 5.1 Timber 5.1.1 Any suitable species of timber may be used for block board manufacture. A list of species for manufacture of block board is given in Annex B for guidance only. For ECO-Mark only species of wood from sources other than natural forests such as-wood from rubber, cashew industrial and social forestry plantations, etc, and shade trees from tea and coffee estates, shall be used for the manufacture of block board. 5.1.2 Face Veneers for Decorative Type of Block Boards The species of timber for the decorative face veneer in decorative type of block board shall be specified by the purchaser while placing the order. The species of timber commonly used for face veneers of decorative type of block boards is given in Annex C for guidance only. For ECO-Mark only species of wood from sources other than natural forests such as wood from rubber, cashew industrial and social forestry plantations, etc, and shade trees from tea and coffee estates shall be used. 5.2 Adhesives The adhesives used for bonding purposes shall be the BWP type conforming to IS 848 for BWP Grade block boards. For MR Grade block boards, the adhesives shall be MR type conforming to IS 848. 6 MANUFACTURE 6.1 Preservative Treatment Species of timber marked with (*) in Annex B and Annex C and sapwood of all species, and all non-durable species shall be treated as mentioned in IS 401. Trimmed and cut ends of a finished block board may be given a protective treatment. IS 1659 : 2004 6.2 Core The wooden strips for core shall be cut from timber seasoned to a moisture content not exceeding 12 percent according to IS 1141. The width of each strip of wood shall not exceed 30 mm and such strip shall be placed edge to edge without significant gaps. These strips may be of small lengths placed end to end where the end joints shall be staggered. However, for the edge strip along the length, the width of strip may be up to 45 mm. 6.3 Cross Bands and Faces Veneers used for cross bands and faces shall be either rotary cut or sliced and shall be smooth. The moisture content in the veneers shall be between 8 and 12 percent. 6.3.1 Cross band shall be not less than I.O mm but not more than 3.0 mm in thickness. Face veneers shall be between 0.5 to 1.5 mm in thickness for commercial type of block boards and 0.5 to 1 .2 mm in thickness for decorative type of block boards. 6.3.2 The construction shall be well balanced around the central line. 6.3.3 Permissible defects and tolerances on thickness shall conform to IS 303 and IS 1328 for commercial and decorative veneers, respectively. 7 DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES 7.1 Thickness The thickness of block boards shall be 12, 15, 19, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45 or 50 mm. 7.2 Sizes Block boards shall be of sizes as specified below: Length Width mm mm 2 440 1 220 2 140 1 220 2 140 920 1 830 1220 1 830 920 NOTE — Any other dimensions (length, breadth and thickness) as agreed to between the manufacturer and the purchaser may iiho be used. 7.3 Tolerance Tolerances on nominal size of finished boards shall be as "iven below: Dimension Tolerance Length + 6 Width + 3 _Qmm Thickness ±5 percent Variation in thickness Not more than 0.5 mm on a board Edge straightness 2 mm per 1 000 mm or 0.2 percent Squareness 2 mm per 1 000 mm or 0.2 percent 8 SAMPLING AND INSPECTION 8.L1 Lot In any consignment, all block boards of the same grade, type and thickness and manufactured under similar- conditions shall be grouped together to constitute a lot. 8.1. LI The conformity of a lot to the requirements of this standard shall be ascertained on the basis of tests on block boards selected from it. 8.1.2 The method of drawing representative samples and the criteria for conformity shall be as prescribed in IS 7638. 8.1.3 Defects All block boards selected as in 8.1.2 shall be inspected visually for surface defects {^see 6.3.3) and if one or more block boards are found unsatisfactory, the lot shall be declared as unacceptable. 8.1.4 Length and Width All block boards selected as in 8.1.2 shall have length and width within the tolerances specified under 7.3. 8.1.5 Thickness All block boards selected as in 8.1.2 shall have its mean thickness and variation in thickness between any two points on a block board as specified under 7.3 when tested by the method described in Annex D. 8.2 Test Specimens and Number of Tests 8.2.1 The selected block boards as in 8.1.2 shall be taken up for cutting of test specimens for further testing. 8.2.2 From each of the block boards selected, following test specimens shall be cut from the portion 150 mm away from the edges: a) Six test specimens of size 200 mm x 12 mm for the test mentioned in 9.2.1; b) Three test specimens of size 200 mm x 100 mm for the test mentioned in 9.2.2; IS 1659:2004 c) Three test specimens of size 200 mm X 100 mm for the test mentioned in 9.2.3; d) Three test specimens of size 150 mm x 100 mm for the test mentioned in 9.2.4; e) Three test specimens of size (50 mm + 20 <f) length and 75 mm width in full thickness of board for the test mentioned in 9.2.5, where d is the nominal thickness in mm. Greater dimensions shall be in the direction along the face grain; and f) One test specimen of entire cross-sectional area across its full width for the test mentioned in 9.2.6. 8.2.3 The test specimens so obtained shall be conditioned in accordance with 9.1 and the thickness of each test specimen shall be measured by the method given in Annex D and the mean of all such measurements calculated. The test specimens shall then be tested for the corresponding tests. 8.3 Criteria for Conformity A lot shall be considered as conforming to the requirements of this standard, if the requirements mentioned in 9.2.1 to 9.2.6 are all satisfied. 9 TESTS 9. 1 Preparation and Conditioning of Test Pieces The required test specimens shall be cut to the specified size as given in 8.2.2. Each test specimen shall be rectangular with all edges cut square to the surface. Before any tests are made, the prepared test pieces shall be suitably conditioned. NOTE — Exposure for 24 h to the air of a well-ventilated room will often sufl'ice but when a greater degree of accuracy is required, the test piece shall be exposed to an atmosphere maintained at a temperature of 27 ± 2°C and at a relative humidity of 65 ± 5 percent until they are substantially constant in mass. 9.2 The block boards shall be subjected to the following tests and shall satisfy the requirements specified under each test. 9.2. 1 Dimensional Changes Caused by Humidity When tested according to Annex E, the dimensions shall not change by more than ±1 mm at relative humidities of 90 percent and 40 percent compared to the dimensions of the specimens conditioned at 65 percent relative humidity. There shall be no delamination at the extreme ranges of humidity and the changes in local planeness measured as d/L shall be as follows: d/L < 1/150 9.2.2 Resistance to Water When tested according to the methods specified in 9.2.2.1 and 9.2.2.2, the block boards shall satisfy the requirements given therein. 9.2.2.1 Test specimens from BWP Grade block boards, after soaking in boiling water for 72 h and tested as in Annex F shall comply with the requirements of 9.2.3. 9.2.2.2 Test specimens from MR Grade block boards, after soaking of test pieces for 3 h in water at a temperature of 60 ± 2°C and tested as in Annex F shall comply with the requirements of 9.2.3. 9.2.3 Adhesion of Plies The adhesion of plies shall be tested as in Annex G and the fractured surface of the specimen shall show adherent fibres of a 'pass standard'. t 9.2.4 Mycological Test MR Grade block board specimens, when tested according to Annex H shall show no visible signs of separation at the edges. 9.2.5 Modulus of Rupture and Modulus of Elasticity The modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity when tested according to the method given in Annex J, BWP Grade and MR Grade boards shall have average and minimum individual values as given below: BWP MR Grade Grade Modulus of rupture, N/mm^ : Average 50 40 Minimum, individual 42 34 Modulus of elasticity, N/mm^ : Average 5 000 4 000 Minimum individual 4 200 3 400 where d= vertical gap between any two points, and L = horizontal distance between these points. 9.2.6 Spot Test The preservative treatment when tested according to the method given in Annex K, at any given place after cutting across entire cross-sectional area for the width of block board shall show through and through penetration of preservative chemical. 10 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ECO-MARK 10.1 General Requirements 10.1.1 The block board shall conform to the requirements of quality and performance as specified in this standard. 10.1.2 The manufacturers shall produce to BIS environmental consent clearance from the concerned IS 1659 : 2004 State Pollution Control Board as per the provisions of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 and Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1977 along with the authorization, if required under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 while applying for ECO-Mark, appropriate with enforced rules and regulations of Forest Department. 10.2 Specific Requirements The block board shall conform to the specific requirements given for ECO-Mark under relevant clause of the standard. NOTE — The manufacturers shall provide documentary evidence by way of certificate or declaration to Bureau of Indian Standards while applying for ECO-Mark. 11 MARKING Each block board shall be legibly and indelibly marked on any of its face with the following: a) Indication of the source of manufacture; b) Grade and type of block board; c) Size (length, width and thickness); d) Batch number and year of manufacture; and e) The criteria for which the block boards have been labelled as ECO-Mark, 11.1 BIS Certification Marking The product may also be marked with the Standard Mark . 11.1.1 The use of the Standard Mark is governed by the provisions of Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1 986 and the rules and regulations made thereunder. The details of conditions under which the licence for the use of Standard Mark may be granted to manufacturers or producers may be obtained from the Bureau of Indian Standards. ANNEX A {Clause 2) LIST OF REFERRED INDIAN STANDARDS IS No. Title 303 : 1989 Specification for plywood for general purposes {third revision) 401 : 2001 Preservation of timber — Code of practice (fourth revision) 707 : 1 976 Glossary of terms applicable for timber technology and utilization (second revision) 848 : 1974 Specification for synthetic resin IS No. Title adhesives for plywood (phenolic and aminoplastic) (first revision) 1141 : 1993 Code of practice for seasoning of timber (second revision) 1328 : 1996 Specification for veneered decorative plywood (third revision) 7638 : 1999 Wood/Lignocellulosic based panel products — Methods of sampling (second revision) IS 1659 : 2004 ANNEX B {Clauses 5.1,1 and 6. 1 ) TIMBER FOR BLOCK BOARD (OTHER THAN FACE VENEERS OF DECORATIVE TYPE BLOCK BOARDS) Standard Trade Name Botanical Name Abbreviation Aini Artocarpus hirsuitus AIN *Alder Alnus spp. ALD Amari Amoora spp. AMA Arjun TerminaUa arjuna ARJ *Bahera Terminalia bellerica BAH Benteak Lagerstroemia lanceolata BEN Birch Betula, spp. BIR Bonsum Phoebe spp. BON * Cashew Anacardium occidentale CAS *Caraliia Carallia brachiata CAR (Maniawga) (Syn. integerrima) Champ Michelia spp. CHM Chaplash Artocarpus chaplasha CHP Chikrassy Chukrasia velutina (Syn. C tabularis) CHI *Chilauni Schima wallichii CHL *Chir Pinus roxburghii (Syn. P. longifoUa) CHR Cinnamon Cinnamomum spp. CIN Deodar Cedrus deodara DEO Devdam Dysoxylum binectariferum DEV *Diilenia Dillenia spp. DIL Dipika (Lapse) Mansonia dipikae DIP Debdaru (Nedunar) Polyalthia spp. DEB Ebony Diospyros spp. (other than D. Diospyros marmorata) EBO Eucalyptus Eucalyptus spp. EUC Fir Abies spp. FIR G amari Gmelina arborea GAM Gandeiipoma Dysoxylum hamiltonii GEN *Gokul Ailanthus integrifolia (Syn. A. grandis) GOK Gurjan Dipterocarpus spp. (other than D. macrocarpus) GUR Haldu Adina cordifolia HAL Hathipaila Pterospermum acerifolium HAT Hollock Terminalia myriocarpa HDL Hollong Dipterocarpus macrocarpus HON *Jaman Syzygium spp. JAM *Jhingan Lannea coromandelica (Syn. Lannea grandis) JHI ♦Kadam Anthocephalus cadamba KAD IS 1659 : 2004 Standard Trade Name Botanical Name Abbreviation *Kail Pinus wallichiana (Syn. P. excelsa) KAL Kanju Holoptelea integrifolia KAN *Karani Cullenia rosayroana (Syn. C. excelsa) KAR Kathal Artocarpus heterophyllus (Syn. A. integrifolius) KAT Kindal Terminalia paniculata KIN Kokko Albizzia lebbeck KOK Lakooch Artocarpus lakoocha LAK * Lam pat i Duabanga grandiflora (Syn. D. sonneratioides) LAP Laurel Terminalia alata (Syn. T. coriacea, T. crenulata) LAU *Machilus Machilus spp. MAC Mahogany Swietenia spp. MAG *Maina Teterameles nudiflora MAI Makai Shorea assamica MAK *Mango Mangifera spp. MAN Maple Acer spp. MAP Melia Melia dubia MEL MuUilam Zanthoxylum rhetsa (Syn. Fagara budrunge; Z. bundurunga; Z. limonella) MUI *Mundani A crocarpus fraxinifolius MUN "Neem Azadirachta indica NEE Pali Palaquium ellipticum PAL *Piney Kingiodendron pinnatum (Syn. Hardwickia pinnatd) PIN Foot! Calopyllum spp. POO ♦Poplar Populus spp. POP Pussur Xylocarpus spp. PUS Pyinma Lagerstroemia hypoleuca PYI Red Bombwe Planchonia valida (Syn. P. andamanica) RBO *Red Dhup Parishia insignis RDH Rosewood Dalbergia latifolia ROS ♦Rubber wood Hevea braziliunsis RUB *Semul Bombax ceiba SEM ♦Silver Oak Grevillea robusta SOA Sissoo Dalbergia sissoo SIS * Spruce Picea smithiana (syn. P. morinda) SPR IS 1659 : 2004 Standard Trade Name Botanical Name Abbreviation Teak Tectona grandis Toon Toona ciliata (Syn. Cedrela toona) *Vatica Vatica spp. *Vellapine Vateria Indica Walnut Juglans regia * White Bombwe Term inalia procera White Cedar Dysoxylum malabaricum White Chuglam Terminalia bialata *WhiteDhup Canarium spp. TEA TOO VAT VEL WAL WBO WCE WCH WDH NOTE — Species of timber to be treated {see 6.1) are indicated by star ( * ). IS 1659:2004 ANNEX C {Clauses 5.1.2 and 6.1) TIMBER FOR FACE VENEERS OF DECORATIVE TYPE BLOCK BOARDS Standard Trade Name Botanical Name Abbreviation Birch Betula, spp. SIR Bola Morns laevigata BOL Champ Michelia spp. CHM Chaplash Artocarpns chaplasha CHP Chikrassy Chukrasia velutina (Syn. C. tabularis) CHI Cinnamon Cinnamomum spp. CIN Devdam Dysoxylum binectariferum DEV Dipika (Lapse) Mansonia dipikae DIP Gandelipoma Dysoxylum hamiltonii GEN Kanju Holoptelea integrifolia KAN Koicko Albizzia lebbeck KOK Laurel Terminalia alata (Syn. T. coriacea, T. crenulata) LAU Mahogany Swietenia spp. MAG Makai Shorea assamica MAK Maple Acer spp. MAP Mullilam Zanthoxylum rhetsa (Syn. Fagara budrunge; Z. budurunga; Z limonella) MUX ♦Narikel Pterygota alata NAR Padauk Pterocarpus dalbergioides PAA Poon Calophyllum spp. POO Rosewood Dalbergia latifolia ROS ♦Siris Albizzia chinensis SIR Sissoo Dalbergia sissoo SIS Teak Tectona grandis TEA Walnut Juglans regia WAL White Cedar Dysoxylum malabricum WCE White Chuglam Terminalia bialata (sapwood) WCH NOTE — Species of timber to be treated (see 6.1) arc indicated by star ( * ). IS 1659 : 2004 ANNEX D (Clauses S. 1. 5 and 8.2.3) TEST FOR THICKNESS AND VARIATION IN THICKNESS D-I PROCEDURE D-1.1 Each board shall be tested for thickness. D- 1.1.1 Thickness approximately 20 mm inside the edges of the test pieces, at four comers, and at midpoints of the long edges. The thickness shall be measured in millimetres to an accuracy of ±0.02 mm. Six readings shall be taken D-2 REPORTING OF TEST RESULTS The mean thickness of each of test samples shall be reported. ANNEX E (Clause 9. 2.\) TEST FOR DETERMINING DIMENSIONAL CHANGES CAUSED BY HUMIDITY E-1 PROCEDURE E-1.1 The test specimens shall be conditioned in an atmosphere maintained at 27 ± 2°C and 65 ± 5 percent relative humidity to constant mass. The length of each test specimen shall be measured to an accuracy of ±0.5 mm making use of a jig which permits the test piece to be pressed against a flat plate to eliminate the effect of any warping that may have occurred. The thickness of each test specimen shall be measured, to an accuracy of 0.02 mm at three marked points, one at each end and one at the mid point of its length. E-1. 2 Half the number of these test specimens shall then be placed in an atmosphere maintained at 90 ± 5 percent and other half in 40 ± 5 percent relative humidity at 27 ± 2°C and they shall be weighed and measured from time to time at such intervals as may be required until constant mass and dimensions are obtained. E-2 REPORTING OF TEST RESULTS The differences in length and thickness as compared with those of the conditioned test specimen shall be reported for each test specimen at each relative humidity. NOTE — If a controlled humidity chamber is not available, the required atmospheres may be obtained approximately by using an airtight vessel containing moist salts as follows: 90 percent relative humidity 65 percent relative humidity 40 percent relative humidity Sodium carbonate Ammonium nitrate Magnesium chloride or zinc nitrate hexahydrate ANNEX F (Clauses 9. 2.2 A and 9.2.2.2) TEST FOR DETERMINING RESISTANCE TO WATER F-1 PROCEDURE F-1.1 For testing of BWP Grade block boards, test specimens shall be submerged in a pan of cold water, care being taken that the pieces do not touch the bottom of the pan. Water shall then be brought to the boiling temperature and maintained at this temperature for 72 h. The test specimens shall then be removed from the boiling water and plunged immediately into cold water. The 72 h period may be reckoned as an aggregate of shorter periods of boiling, the test specimens being left in cold water between such periods when the water is not boiling. F-1.2 For testing of MR Grade block boards, the test specimens shall be submerged in a pan of cold water, care being taken to see that they do not touch the bottom of the pan. Water shall then be brought to the temperature of 60 ± 2°C and maintained at this temperature for 3 h. The test specimens shall then be removed from the hot water and plunged immediately into cold water, F-2 REPORTING OF TEST RESULTS The results shall be reported as 'pass standard', 'excellent' or 'poor' after carrying out the tests as in Annex G. IS 1659 : 2004 ANNEX G {Clauses 9.2.3 and F-2) TEST FOR ADHESION OF PLIES G-1 APPARATUS G-1.1 The type of knife required to be used in the test is given in Fig. 1 . It may be made from a file. The cutting edge should be kept chisel sharp. G-I.2 The test shall be carried out on a stout table to which is screwed a wooden batten against which the edge of the test specimen is placed as indicated in Fig. 2. G-2 PROCEDURE G-2. 1 The knife is inserted with its cutting edge parallel to the grain of the outer veneer and worked into, or if possible, along a glue line and the veneer is pierced upward. A hard and dense species requires considerable force to effect entry and to pierce the veneer. In a soft species, the knife tends to follow any easy course through the wood and in this case, it is essential that the knife be firmly guided along the glue line. G-2.2 Example of cases when the bond just passes the requirements is indicated in Fig. 3 and this is judged by the relative amounts of wood fibre left on the core veneer, and the area pierced off. The grading is assessed chiefly on the appearance of the break but is a concomitant requirement that the force shall be needed to effect separation. G-2.3 The bond is excellent when it is difficuh to find the glue line and impossible to keep the tool within it for more than 6 mm without cutting into adjacent wood. On piercing upwards, the veneer usually breaks off over width only slightly greater than that of the tool. Examples of excellent bond are illustrated in Fig. 4. G-2.4 The bond is poor when the knife meets little opposition into the glue line and the pierce results in the easy removal of almost all the veneers from one side of the test specimen. The separated veneers are usually almost free from adherent fibre. Examples of poor bond are illustrated in Fig. 5. G-3 REPORTING OF TEST RESULTS The results shall be reported as 'pass standard', 'excellent' or 'poor' {see Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5). Block boards designated as poor shall be declared as unsatisfactory. G-4 TEST FOR GLUE ADHESION BETWEEN CORE AND ADJOINING VENEERS G-4.1 To test the glue adhesion between the core and the adjoining veneers, the qualitative test as given in G-4. 1.1 may be used. G-4. 1.1 The central core strips shall be forcibly separated from its adjacent veneers by a chisel inserted in the bond line and affecting the separation in the direction of the core strips. The capacity of the bond should be judged by the relative amount of wood fibres left by the veneer and core strips. Force shall be needed to effect the separation. The grading should be assessed on the basis of the appearance of the failure. The bond should be considered excellent when it is difficult to find the glue line clearly for more than 10 mm length along the battens and on its entire width without torn fibres appearing on the area of separation. The bond should be considered as poor when the chisel meets little opposition in the glue line and if there is an easy separation between the core strips and the veneers. If the glue adhesion between battens of the core in a block board in which the core strips are bonded is to be tested, a similar procedure and criteria may be followed. 10 IS 1659:2004 A KNIFE OF THIS KIND CAN BE MADE FROM 250x25mm FILE i 25mm a Fig. 1 Knife for Testing Plywood for Adhesion of Plies Fig. 2 Method of Testing for Adhesion 11 IS 1659 : 2004 w- Fig, 3 Example of 'Minimum Pass' Standard WKr- fe;.= Fig. 4 Example of 'Excellent' Adhesion 12 IS 1659 : 2004 ..,*•• i*!^ir ^ Fig. 5 Example of 'Poor' Adhesion 13 IS 1659 : 2004 ANNEX H (Clause 9.2.4) MYCOLOGICAL TEST HI PROCEDURE H-1.1 A flat rectangular dish of enamelled iron, glass or porcelain (such as a photographic developing dish) shall be filled to a depth not less than 25 mm with a layer of sawdust obtained from a non-durable timber like Semul {Salmalia malabaricd), in its natural condition. The sawdust shall have previously been moistened with water containing 14 g/litre of sucrose (normally cane sugar would be used but if not available, 30 g of commercial malt extract may be substituted) so that it is saturated with moisture, but not so wet that free water can be squeezed out of it by hand pressure. To attain this condition with dry sawdust, it is usually necessary to add water three times of its mass. H-1.2 The sawdust shall then be charged with spores of commonly occurring Indian fungi loosely compacted, and the test specimens then pressed down into it so that their upper surfaces are in level with the top of the sawdust layer. H-1.3 The dish shall then be covered with a sheet of glass and the edges of the dish sealed against glass with a strip of material, such as modelling wax, so that the atmosphere round the test specimens shall remain saturated with water vapour. H-1.4 The dish and contents shall be maintained at 27 ± 2°C for a period of 3 weeks in a suitable thermostatically controlled incubator, after which the test specimens shall be removed, washed in cold water until cool and whilst still water soaked, shall be checked for compliance with the requirements of 9.2.4. H-2 REPORTING OF TEST RESULTS The test results shall be reported as conforming to the standard or otherwise. ANNEX J {Clause 9.2.5) TEST FOR MODULUS OF RUPTURE AND MODULUS OF ELASTICITY/ J-1 PROCEDURE The span shall be 20 times the nominal depth. The load shall be applied through appropriate loading block for centre loading with a continuous motion of the movable head. The testing machine shall move at a constant rate of 5 mm/min throughout the test till a failure is indicated. ^~l REPORTING OF TEST RESULTS Data for load deflection curves may be taken to determine the modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity using the formulae given below. Deflection readings shall be recorded to the nearest 0.02 mm. Increments of load shall be so chosen that not less than 12 and preferably 15 or more readings of load and deflections are taken to the proportional limit. Modulus of rupture, N/mm^ 2 biP PU AbcPA Modulus of elasticity, N/mm^ = where F' = maximum load, in N; P= load, in N, at the limit of proportionality which shall be taken as the point in load- deflection curve above which the graph deviates from the straight line; L = span of the test specimens, in mm; B = breadth of the test specimen, in mm; d= depth of the test specimen, in mm; and A = deflection in mm at the limit of proportionality (which is corresponding to P in the load- deflection graph). 14 IS 1659:2004 ANNEX K (Clause 9.2.6) METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF PENETRATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF PRESERVATIVE BY SPOT TEST K-1 GENERAL Preservative treatment is carried out in timber used for core stock of block boards as per IS 401 . Preservatives used are generally water soluble leachable preservatives like boric acid or borax. Water soluble fixed type preservatives like copper-chrome-arsenic, acid-cupric- chromate, borated-copper-chrome or ammoniacal- copper-arsenite are also used. Method for the determination of penetration of copper- chrome-arsenic composition and acid-crupric-chromate and ammoniacal-copper-arsenite composition are given below. Definite colour reactions are not given by other common preservatives. K-2 COPPER-CHROME- ARSENIC COMPOSITION ACID-CUPRIC-CHROMATE COMPOSITION BORATED-COPPER-CHROME COMPOSITION AND AMMONIACAL-COPPER- ARSENITE COMPOSITION K-2. 1 Detection for Copper K-2.1.1 Dissolve 0.5 g chrome Azurol-S, 5.0 g of sodium acetate in 80 ml water and dilute to 100 ml. K-2.1 .2 Spray or brush the solution over split or cross section or boring/bore dust with a fine spray on the cut surface of treated wood. A deep blue colour shows the presence of copper. K-2.2 Detection for Chromium K-2.2.1 Dissolve 0.5 g - diphenyl carbazide in 50 ml isopropyl alcohol and 50 ml of distilled water. K-2.2.2 Spray or brush the solution on the boring/bore dust or cross section of treated wood. Portions containing chromium will develop a purple colour, while unpenetrated/untreated portion will remain as such. K-2.3 Detection for Arsenic K-2.3.1 Solution 1 3.5 g ammonium molybdate dissolved in 90 ml distilled water followed by 9 ml concentrated nitric acid. Solution 2 0.7 g benzidine dihydrochloride dissolved in 10 ml concentrated acetic acid and diluted to 100 ml by adding 90 ml distilled water. Solution 3 30 g stannous chloride dissolved in 100 ml 1:1 hydrochloric acid in distilled water. Solution 1 may be prepared fresh for each day testing. Solution 2 and Solution 3 may be stored in clean glass stoppered brown glass bottles for one week. K-2.3.2 Apply Solution 1 to the boring or cross section ensuring that entire wood surface is saturated. After 2 min, excess solution is shaken off and allowed to dry for about 1 min. Solution 2 is next applied in the same way as Solution 1. After 2 min, the excess solution is shaken off and surface is allowed to dry for I min. Solution 3 is last applied by pouring over cross section or boring beginning at untreated part. The entire wood surface will immediately turn bluish. K-3 METHOD FOR THE DETECTION OF BORON IN BORAX : BORIC ACID, CCB, BCCA K-3.1 Solution 1 Extract 10 g turmeric powder with 90 g ethyl alcohol. Decant or filter to obtain clear solution. K-3.2 Solution 2 20 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid diluted to 100 ml with ethyl alcohol and then saturated with salicylic acid (about 13 g per 100 ml). K-3.3 Solution 1 is applied on the dry cut surface of wood or cross section by spraying or with a dropper and the surface is allowed to dry for a few minutes. Solution 2 is then applied in a similar manner to the areas that have been coloured yellow by the application of Solution 1 . The colour changes shall be observed carefully. Areas having presence of boron turn red. 15 IS 1659 : 2004 ANNEX M {Foreword) COMMITTEE COMPOSITION Wood and Other Lignocellulosic Products Sectional Committee, CED 20 Organization Indian Plywood Industries Research and Training Institute, Bangalore All India Agro-Board Association, Pune Building Materials & Technology Promotion Council, New Delhi Central Building Research institute, Roorkee Central Public Works Department, New Delhi Civil Aviation Department (Technical Centre), New Delhi Coir Board, Bangalore Council of Architecture, New Delhi Directorate General of Supplies & Disposals, Hyderabad Directorate of Standardization, New Delhi Engineer-in-Chief s Branch, New Delhi Federation of Indian Plywood & Panel Industry, New Delhi Forest Research Institute, Dehra Dun Indian Academy of Wood Science, Dehra E>un Indian Plywood Industries Research & Training Institute, Bangalore Institute of Wood Science & Technology, Bangalore Jolly Board, Mumbai Kutty Flush Door & Furniture Co Pvt Limited, Chennai Timpack Pvt Limited, Bymihat Mangalam Timber Products Limited, Bangalore Ministry of Defence (DGQA), Kanpur Ministry of Defence (R&D), New Delhi Ministry of Railways, Lucknow National Test House (ER), Kolkata Northern India Plywood Manufacturer Association, Jalandhar Novopan India Limited, Hyderabad Nuchem Limited, New Delhi Permalli Wallace Limited, Bhopal The South Indian Plywood Mfrs Association, Chennai The Western India Plywood Limited, Cannanore In personal capacity (H.No. 12, HIG, 1" Stage, K.H.B. Colony, Basaveshwara Nagar, Bangalore 560079) BIS Directorate Genera! Representative (s) Dr C. N. Pandey (Chairman) Shri V. S. Raju Representative (Alternate) Shri J. K. Prasad Shri A. K.. Tiwari (Alternate) Dr Y. Singh Dr L. K. Agarwal (Alternate) Shri Surinder Kumar Shri S. K. Verma (Alternate) Shri B. V. Joshi Shri N. M. Walecha (Alternate) Joint Director Representative Shri M. Gangaraaj Dr (Shrimati) Indu Gupta Shri G. K. Sharma (Alternate) Shrimati Meenakshi Shrimati Amita Raj (Alternate) Shri Jayadeep Chitlangia Shri S. P. Goenka (Alternate) Director Representative (Alternate) Secretary Joint Secretary (Alternate) Shri K. Shyamasundar Shri S. Padmanabhan (Alternate) Dr K. S. Rao Shri Arvind Jolly Shri P. K. Das G\ms (Alternate) CoL Y. G. Krishnan Representative Shri K. Sridhar Shri Anil Talwar (Alternate) Shri Ram Chandra Shri J. K. Sinha (Alternate) Shri Ravindex Kumar Director Standards (Carriage) Assistant Director (Alternate) Shri D. K. Kanungo Er Rajinder KAPtm (Alternate) Shri N. K. Tiwari Shri Anil Goel (Alternate) Shri S. A Naqih Shri A. V. V. Raohavacharya (Alternate) Shri Sudev Barak Shri Praveen Kumar (Alternate) Shri S. K. Kadesia Shri B. S. Parmar (Alternate) Shri K. Sankarakrishnan Shri P. K. MohaMEd Shri S. S. ZooLACin> Shri S. K. Jain, Director & Head (CED) [Representing Director General (Ex-officio)] Member-Secretary Shri J. C. Arora Director (CED), BIS 16 IS 1659 : 2004 Wood, Other Lignocellulosic Based Building Boards and Speciality Wood Products Subcommittee , CED 20 : 6 Organization In personal capacity [No. 1 79, 24th B-Cross, 3rd Block, Jayanagar, Bangalore 5600 IJ] Arunachal Plywood Industries Limited, Kolkata Bharat Heavy Etectricals Limited, Bhopal Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee Central Coir Researcli Institute, Kalavoor Central Public Works Department, New Delhi Coir Industrial Products Co-operation Society Limited, Bangalore Council of Architecture, New Delhi DGS & D, New Delhi Engineer-in-Chief s Branch, New Delhi Federation of Indian Plywood and Panel Industry, New Delhi Forest Research Institute (Forest Products Division), Dehra Dun Godrej & Boyce Manufacturing Company Limited, Mumbai Indian Plywood Industries Research & Training Institute, Bangalore Institute of Wood Science and Technology, Bangalore Integral Coach Factory, Chennai Jolly Board Limited, Mumbai Kutty Flush Doors and Furniture Company Pvt Limited, Chennai ECO Board Industries Limited, Pune Kerala State Bamboo Corporation, Cochin NCL Industries Limited, Hyderabad Mangalam Timber Products Limited, Kolkata Ministry of Defence (DGQA), Kanpur Ministry of-Defence (R&D), Kanpur Ministry of Railways, Lucknow Natura Fibretech Pvt Limited, Bangalore North India Plywood Manufacturing Association, Jalandhar Novopan India Limited, Hyderabad Nuchcm Limited, Faridabad Permali Wallace Limited, Bhopal The Gurdit Institute Pvt Limited, Dharwad The Mysore Chipboards Limited, Mysore The South Indian Plywood Manufacturers' Association, Koyambedu The Western India Plywood Limited, Cannanore In personal capacity (5/6, 1st floor, 13th 'B' Main, HAL, 2nd Stage, Indira Nagar, Bangalore 560008) In personal capacity {C/o Western India Plywood Ltd, Baliapatam, Cannanore 670010) Representative (s) Dr H. N. Jagadeesh {Convener) SuRi M. M. Jalan Shri J. Prashad (Alternate) Shri M. V. Prabhakar Shri S. K. Gupta {Alternate) Dr L. K. Aggarwal Shri B. Singh {Alternate) Shri M. Sudhakaran Pillai Superintending Engineer (S&S) Executive Engineer (S&S) {Alternate) Shri Manoj Kumar Shri Vuay Ghorpade {Alternate) Representative Shri N. K. Upadhyay Shrimati p. Meenakshi Col N. a. Kumar {Alternate) Representative Head of Department Dr S. P. SitKSH {Alternate) Shri Guush V. Nalavaoe Shri MAwraHAi M. Shah (Alternate) Dr S. K. Nath Shri M. Venugopal Naidu (Alternate) Dr R. V. Rao Dr Ajav Karmakar (Alternate) Representative Shri Arvind Jolly Shri P. K. Das Gim/s. (Alternate) Shri K. Sankarakrishnan Col Y. G. Krishnan (Alternate) Shri B. V. Rao Shri Siva Sankar Kauve (Alternate) Manager Shri A. R. Raju Shri Prakash Raju (Alternate) Shri G. S. Gupta Shri G. R. Patnaik (Alternate) Shri J. K. Sinha Maj R. N. Saigal (Alternate) Shri P. S. Srivastava Shri Ravindra Kumar (Alternate) Deputy Director Standards (Carriage) Assistant Director (Alternate) Shri Tommy Mathew Shri Sunil Vargeese (Alternate) Shri Surinder Arora Shri Naresh Tiwari (Alternate) Shri S. A. Naqui Shri A. V. V. Raghavacharya (Alternate) Shri Sudev Barar Dr R. M. Mehta (Alternate) Shri S. K. Kodesia Shri B. S. Parmar (Alternate) Shri Yaskaran Singh Lauly ^ Shri S. N. Sharma (Alternate) Shri A. Ananthachar Shri K. Sankarakrishnan Secretary (Alternate) Shri K. P. Kamaludoin Shri C. A. Gafoor (Alternate) Shri P. K. Bagchi Shri P. K. Mohamed 17 Bureau of Indian Standards BIS is a statutory institution established under the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986 to promote harmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goods and attending to connected matters in the country. Copyright BIS has the copyright of all its publications. 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